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词条 List of Major League Baseball tie-breakers
释义

  1. History

  2. Key

  3. Tie-breakers

     Win-loss records by team 

  4. References

     General  Specific 
{{See also|Major League Baseball tie-breaking procedures}}

A tie-breaker is required in Major League Baseball (MLB) when two or more teams are tied at the end of the regular season for a playoff position including a pennant (prior to the introduction of the League Championship Series in 1969), a division title, or a wild card spot. Both the American (AL) and National Leagues (NL) currently use a one-game playoff format for {{nowrap|tie-breakers}}, although the NL used a best-of-three series prior to 1969, when the leagues were split into divisions. Fourteen {{nowrap|tie-breakers}}—ten single-game and four series—have been played in MLB history. In baseball statistics, {{nowrap|tie-breaker}} games count as regular season games with all events in them counted towards regular season statistics. This can have implications on statistical races, such as when Matt Holliday won the batting average and runs batted in titles thanks in part to his performance in the 2007 {{nowrap|tie-breaker}}.[1] Home-field advantage for {{nowrap|tie-breakers}} was determined by a coin flip through the 2008 season, after which performance-based criteria, such as head-to-head record of the tied teams, were put in place.[2]

Although there have been no situations requiring a {{nowrap|tie-breaker}} between more than two teams it is possible. In 2007, for example, the Philadelphia Phillies, New York Mets, San Diego Padres, Colorado Rockies, and Arizona Diamondbacks finished the season within two games of one another.[3] The possibility existed for as many as four teams to be locked in a series of {{nowrap|tie-breakers}} that year to decide the NL East, West, and Wild Card.[4] Similarly, late in the 2012 season the possibility existed for the New York Yankees, Baltimore Orioles, and either the Texas Rangers or Oakland Athletics to all finish with the same record. This could have required the teams to play a complex set of multiple games to determine divisional and wild card winners, a situation which Jayson Stark described as potentially "baseball's worst scheduling nightmare."[5]

History

The first {{nowrap|tie-breaker}}, held in 1946, decided the winner of the NL pennant between the St. Louis Cardinals and the Brooklyn Dodgers, who had finished the season tied at 96–58.[6] The Cardinals won the series in two games and went on to win the 1946 World Series,[7] one of four {{nowrap|tie-breaker}} winners who have gone on to win the World Series. Three {{nowrap|tie-breaker}} games have gone into extra innings: the decisive second game of the 1959 series, the 2007 Wild Card {{nowrap|tie-breaker}}, and the 2009 game.[8][9][10] The 2008 {{nowrap|tie-breaker}}, a 1–0 victory for the White Sox, was the lowest scoring game, while the 2007 match-up with 17 total runs was the highest scoring. The Dodgers franchise has participated in six {{nowrap|tie-breakers}}, twice while the team was based in Brooklyn and four times in Los Angeles, the most for any team. Dodger Stadium, Ebbets Field, Fenway Park, the Polo Grounds and Wrigley Field are the only venues which have hosted multiple {{nowrap|tie-breaker}} games. Both games at the Polo Grounds came in the 1951 series.

One of the most famous moments in MLB history came in the final game of the 1951 National League {{nowrap|tie-breaker}} series. Entering the bottom of the ninth inning the New York Giants were trailing the Dodgers 4–1. Al Dark and Don Mueller each singled to put runners on first and third base.[11] Whitey Lockman hit a double, scoring Dark to make the game 4–2. Finally, Bobby Thomson hit a walk-off home run which has come to be known as the "Shot Heard 'Round the World" to give the Giants the 5–4 victory and the National League pennant. ESPN's SportsCentury ranked it as the second greatest game of the 20th century.[12]

The 2000s saw three years of consecutive one-run tiebreaker games. The Colorado Rockies stormed back from a 2-run deficit in the 13th in 2007, winning 9–8 in a surprising run to the World Series that year. In 2008, a Jim Thome home run and a stellar performance by John Danks helped the White Sox edge out the Twins 1–0. The Twins ended up on the winning side the following year, tying the game in the 10th after going down a run and then walking off in the 12th inning.

In 2018, two tiebreakers were played to conclude the season for the first time in MLB history. The NL West was decided between the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Colorado Rockies, while the NL Central was decided between the Milwaukee Brewers and the Chicago Cubs. The Dodgers and Brewers, the winners of these games, advanced to the NLDS, while the losers played in the Wild Card game.[13] The two 2018 tie-breaker losers were the first to advance to the postseason despite losing a tie-breaker game. The unusual circumstance of two tie-breakers was made possible by all four teams winning their final game of the season (just 6% odds, although the same circumstance could have been achieved with all four teams losing their final game, or with the Cubs and Brewers winning and the Dodgers and Rockies losing or with the Cubs and Brewers losing and the Dodgers and Rockies winning), thus finishing with an identical record as their divisional counterpart.

Despite one team playing on their home field, tie-breakers have not favored the home team statistically, with the home team having gone 11-11 since the first tie-breaker game was played.

Key

Key to the tie-breakers
Title The pennant, division, or Wild Card which the tie-breaker decided. Links to the tie-breaker game or series.
Winning/Losing team The winning and losing team for the tie-breaker (for the overall series in the case of a three-game series)
Score(s) Score of the game, extra innings noted in parentheses
Postseason result (winner) Fate of team winning the tie-breaker in the subsequent postseason
Postseason result (loser) Fate of team losing the tie-breaker in the subsequent postseason (if qualified)
* Team contesting the tie-breaker won the World Series
# Team contesting the tie-breaker lost the World Series
^ Tie-breaker was contested in a three-game series rather than a one-game playoff

Tie-breakers

Tie-breaker games and series
TitleWinning teamScore(s)Losing teamSite(s)Postseason result (winner)Postseason result (loser)Note(s)
1946 NL pennantSt. Louis Cardinals4–2, 8–4^Brooklyn DodgersSportsman's Park (Game 1)
Ebbets Field (Game 2)		Won WS 4–3 (Red Sox)*Did not qualify[14][15]
1948 AL pennantCleveland Indians8–3Boston Red SoxFenway ParkWon WS 4–2 (Braves)*Did not qualify[16]
1951 NL pennantNew York Giants3–1, 0–10, 5–4^Brooklyn DodgersEbbets Field (Game 1)
Polo Grounds (Games 2, 3)		Lost WS 4–2 (Yankees)#Did not qualify[11][17][18]
1959 NL pennantLos Angeles Dodgers3–2, 6–5 (12)^Milwaukee BravesCounty Stadium (Game 1)
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (Game 2)		Won WS 4–2 (White Sox)*Did not qualify[8][19]
1962 NL pennantSan Francisco Giants8–0, 7–8, 6–4^Los Angeles DodgersCandlestick Park (Game 1)
Dodger Stadium (Games 2, 3)		Lost WS 4–3 (Yankees)#Did not qualify[20][21][22]
1978 AL EastNew York Yankees5–4Boston Red SoxFenway ParkWon ALCS 3–1 (Royals),
Won WS 4–2 (Dodgers)*		Did not qualify[23]
1980 NL WestHouston Astros7–1Los Angeles DodgersDodger StadiumLost NLCS 3–2 (Phillies)Did not qualify[24]
1995 AL WestSeattle Mariners9–1California AngelsKingdomeWon ALDS 3–2 (Yankees),
Lost ALCS 4–2 (Indians)		Did not qualify[25]
1998 NL Wild CardChicago Cubs5–3San Francisco GiantsWrigley FieldLost NLDS 3–0 (Braves)Did not qualify[26]
1999 NL Wild CardNew York Mets5–0Cincinnati RedsCinergy FieldWon NLDS 3–1 (Diamondbacks),
Lost NLCS 4–2 (Braves)		Did not qualify[27]
2007 NL Wild CardColorado Rockies9–8 (13)San Diego PadresCoors FieldWon NLDS 3–0 (Phillies),
Won NLCS 4–0 (Diamondbacks),
Lost WS 4–0 (Red Sox)#		Did not qualify[9]
2008 AL CentralChicago White Sox1–0Minnesota TwinsU.S. Cellular FieldLost ALDS 3–1 (Rays)Did not qualify[28]
2009 AL CentralMinnesota Twins6–5 (12)Detroit TigersHubert H. Humphrey MetrodomeLost ALDS 3–0 (Yankees)Did not qualify[10][29]
2013 AL Wild CardTampa Bay Rays5–2Texas RangersRangers Ballpark in ArlingtonWon ALWCG (Indians),
Lost ALDS 3–1 (Red Sox)		Did not qualify[30]
2018 NL Central Milwaukee Brewers3–1Chicago Cubs Wrigley FieldWon NLDS 3-0 (Rockies),
Lost NLCS 4-3 (Dodgers)		Lost NLWCG (Rockies)[31]
2018 NL West Los Angeles Dodgers5–2 Colorado Rockies Dodger StadiumWon NLDS 3-1 (Braves),
Won NLCS 4-3 (Brewers),
Lost WS 4-1 (Red Sox)#		Won NLWCG (Cubs),
Lost NLDS 3-0 (Brewers)		[32]

Win-loss records by team

TeamWin–loss recordAppearances
Atlanta Braves 0–1 1
Boston Red Sox 0–2 2
Chicago Cubs 1–1 2
Chicago White Sox 1–0 1
Cincinnati Reds 0–1 1
Cleveland Indians 1–0 1
Colorado Rockies 1–1 2
Detroit Tigers 0–1 1
Houston Astros 1–0 1
Los Angeles Angels 0–1 1
Los Angeles Dodgers 2–4 6
Milwaukee Brewers 1–0 1
Minnesota Twins 1–1 2
New York Mets 1–0 1
New York Yankees 1–0 1
San Diego Padres 0–1 1
San Francisco Giants 2–1 3
Seattle Mariners 1–0 1
St. Louis Cardinals 1–0 1
Tampa Bay Rays 1–0 1
Texas Rangers 0–1 1

References

General

{{refbegin}}
  • {{cite web|url=http://www.retrosheet.org/Playoff%20Games.htm|title=Tiebreaker Playoff Games|accessdate=May 6, 2010|publisher=Retrosheet, Inc}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/wire?section=mlb&id=3617483 |title=Tiebreaker Playoff Results |date=September 30, 2008|accessdate=May 3, 2010|work=ESPN.com|agency=Associated Press}}
  • {{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/postseason/|title=Playoff and World Series Stats and Results|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
{{refend}}

Specific

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=3045736 |title=Holliday comes through big to take first batting title |date=October 2, 2007|accessdate=April 12, 2010|work=ESPN.com}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/news/press_releases/press_release.jsp?ymd=20090115&content_id=3745318&vkey=pr_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb|title=Ownership approves two major rules amendments|date=January 15, 2009|work=MLB.com|publisher=Major League Baseball|accessdate=April 5, 2010}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/games/standings.cgi?date=2007-09-30|title=Standings on Sunday, September 30, 2007|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=3038686 |title=NL could be in playoff tiebreakers until Thursday |accessdate=May 8, 2010|work=ESPN.com|date=September 28, 2007 |first=Jayson |last=Stark}}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://espn.go.com/mlb/blog/_/name/stark_jayson/id/8423777/american-league-playoff-tiebreakers-nightmare-scenarios-mlb |title=October scheduling nightmares: Part 896 |accessdate=September 25, 2012|work=ESPN.com|date=September 25, 2012 |first=Jayson |last=Stark}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/games/standings.cgi?date=1946-09-29|title=Standings on Sunday, September 29, 1946|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/postseason/1946_WS.shtml|title=1946 World Series|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
8. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/LAN/LAN195909290.shtml|title=September 29, 1959 Milwaukee Braves at Los Angeles Dodgers Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
9. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/COL/COL200710010.shtml|title=October 1, 2007 San Diego Padres at Colorado Rockies Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
10. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/MIN/MIN200910060.shtml|title=October 6, 2009 Detroit Tigers at Minnesota Twins Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
11. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://retrosheet.org/NY119511003|title=Game of Wednesday, 10/3/1951 – Brooklyn at New York (D)|accessdate=May 6, 2010|publisher=Retrosheet, Inc}}
12. ^{{cite book|trans-title=1951 National League Playoff|title=ESPN SportsCentury|editor1-first=Michael|editor1-last=MacCambridge|location=New York|publisher=Hyperion ESPN Books|page=171}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2018/09/30/mlb-playoffs-tiebreakers-dodgers-rockies-cubs-brewers/1481842002|title=Game 163! Historic Day on Tap as Dodgers-Rockies, Cubs-Brewers Set for NL Tiebreakers Monday|last1=Lacques|first1=Gabe|website=USA Today|accessdate=September 30, 2018}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://retrosheet.org/SLN19461001 |title=Game of Tuesday, 10/1/1946 – Brooklyn at St. Louis (D) |accessdate=May 6, 2010 |publisher=Retrosheet, Inc |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100514135917/http://retrosheet.org/SLN19461001 |archivedate=May 14, 2010 |df= }}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://retrosheet.org/BRO19461003|title=Game of Thursday, 10/3/1946 – St. Louis at Brooklyn (D)|accessdate=May 6, 2010|publisher=Retrosheet, Inc}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://retrosheet.org/BOS19481004|title=Game of Monday, 10/4/1948 – Cleveland at Boston (D)|accessdate=May 6, 2010|publisher=Retrosheet, Inc}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://retrosheet.org/BRO19511001|title=Game of Monday, 10/1/1951 – New York at Brooklyn (D)|accessdate=May 6, 2010|publisher=Retrosheet, Inc}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://retrosheet.org/NY119511002|title=Game of Tuesday, 10/2/1951 – Brooklyn at New York (D)|accessdate=May 6, 2010|publisher=Retrosheet, Inc}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/MLN/MLN195909280.shtml|title=September 28, 1959 Los Angeles Dodgers at Milwaukee Braves Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/SFN/SFN196210010.shtml|title=Monday, October 1, 1962 Los Angeles Dodgers at San Francisco Giants Play by Play and Box Score|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/LAN/LAN196210020.shtml|title=Tuesday, October 2, 1962 San Francisco Giants at Los Angeles Dodgers Play by Play and Box Score|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/LAN/LAN196210030.shtml|title=Wednesday, October 3, 1962, 1962 San Francisco Giants at Los Angeles Dodgers Play by Play and Box Score|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/BOS/BOS197810020.shtml|title=Monday, October 2, 1978 New York Yankees at Boston Red Sox Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/LAN/LAN198010060.shtml|title=Monday, October 6, 1980 Houston Astros at Los Angeles Dodgers Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/SEA/SEA199510020.shtml|title=Monday, October 2, 1995 California Angels at Seattle Mariners Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/CHN/CHN199809280.shtml|title=Monday, September 28, 1998 San Francisco Giants at Chicago Cubs Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/CIN/CIN199910040.shtml|title=October 4, 1999 New York Mets at Cincinnati Reds Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 6, 2010}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/CHA/CHA200809300.shtml|title=September 30, 2008 Minnesota Twins at Chicago White Sox Box Score and Play by Play|work=Baseball-Reference.com|accessdate=May 2, 2010}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20091006&content_id=7367504&vkey=recap&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb|title=Never-give-up Twins win AL Central title|date=October 6, 2009|work=MLB.com|publisher=Major League Baseball|accessdate=May 8, 2010}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/gameday/index.jsp?gid=2013_09_30_tbamlb_texmlb_1&mode=box|title=September 30, 2013 Tampa Bay Rays at Texas Rangers Box Score|work=Major League Baseball|accessdate=September 30, 2013}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/mlb/recap?gameId=381001116|title=Yelich, Brewers Beat Cubs 3–1 for NL Central Title|work=ESPN|date=October 1, 2018|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=October 1, 2018}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.espn.com/mlb/recap?gameId=381001119|title=Buehler, Dodgers Top Rockies 5-2; 6th Straight NL West Title|website=ESPN|date=October 1, 2018|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=October 1, 2018}}
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