| 词条 | Lahijan | ||||||||
| 释义 |
| official_name = Lahijan | settlement_type = City | native_name = Lāhijān | image_skyline = Estargheh_-_Gilan.jpg | imagesize = 300px | image_caption = Lahijan artificial lake, a view from the top of Sheitan Koh (Satan’s hill) | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_map = Gilan-abb-lahijan city.png | alt = PNG map of Lahijan County and unincorporated areas showing location of Lahijan | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = Location in Gilan Province and the Lahijan County | pushpin_map = Iran | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_mapsize = 300 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Iran | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Iran}} | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Gilan | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Lahijan | subdivision_type3 = Bakhsh | subdivision_name3 = Central | established_title = | established_date = | area_magnitude = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_total_km2 = 1428 | area_land_sq_mi = | area_land_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_urban_km2 = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | population_as_of = 2016 Census | population_footnotes = | population_est = | population_est_as_of = | population_urban = 167,544 [1] | population_metro = | population_density_sq_mi = | population_density_km2 = | timezone = IRST | utc_offset = +3:30 | timezone_DST = IRDT | utc_offset_DST = +4:30 | coordinates = {{coord|37|12|26|N|50|00|14|E|region:IR|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 4 | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = +98-13 . . . | website = | footnotes = }}Lahijan ({{lang-fa|Lāhijān}}, also known as, Lāyjon in Gilaki)[2] is a city near the Caspian sea and the capital of Lahijan County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 167,544 in 58,378 families.[3] Lahijan has both traditional and modern architecture. The city, which has an Iranian-European urban structure, lies on the northern slope of the Alborz mountains. Its culture and climatic favorable condition have made Lahijan a major tourist hub in northern Iran. The city is basically founded on the sediments remaining from big rivers in Gilan, including the Sepid/Sefid-Rud (White River). Historically, the city was the major business center and the capital of East Gilan during the time of special rulers. Lahijan has also been a tourism hub of the Islamic world during different eras in Iran's history. EtymologyThe word "Lahijan" is originated from the economic stance the city had during its historical periods. "Lāhijān" is formed by two words: Lah, means silk and "Jan or Gan" means a place where something is done. Therefore, by compounding these two parts, the word "Lahijan or lahigan" was made, which means "a place to obtain silk fiber". Professor Bahram Farah'vashi who is an Iranian expert in ancient languages says that in the Middle Persian Language; Lah refers to silk, and in Decisive Argument; Lah means the red silk. Therefore, Lahygan (today, Lahijan) is an area where silk is obtained. HistoryIn ancient times, Gilan region was divided to `the Caspian' and `the Golha' (flowers) subregions. Before the Iran's provincial divisions into the current state, Gilan was divided by the Sefid-Rud River into eastern and western regions. The river's eastern side called Biehpish and the western side Biehpas. At some point in time, Lahijan became the capital of Biehpish. This region has been one of Iran's major silk-producing centers as well as the country's first area for the tea-plantation set out by Prince Mohammad Mirza. Prince Mohammad Mirza known as "Kashef-ol-Saltaneh" who was born in Lahijan was the first mayor of Tehran. As the Iranian ambassador to India under British rule, he knew the British would not allow him to learn about the secrets of tea production, as it was their biggest business in India at the time. So being fluent in French, the prince pretended to be a French laborer and started to work in the tea plantations and factories to learn how to produce tea. Ultimately his plan was to take back some samples of this tea to Iran to cultivate. He was successful in this endeavor only because of his diplomatic immunity which stopped the British from searching his secretly stashed sample. His mausoleum in Lahijan is now part of the "Iran Tea Museum". The foundation of Lahijan is attributed to 'Lahij Ebne Saam'. Oljaito, the Mongol ruler conquered Lahijan in 705 AH. Then Amir Teimoor attacked this region. Finally, Shah Abbas I defeated 'Khan Ahmad' and thereafter the Safavid governors ruled this city. Amongst the unpleasant events in the history of this city were the outbreak of plague in 703 AH., the conflagration of 850 AH. and the conquest of it by the Russian army in 1725 AD. Lahijan was one of the main bases of the Jungle Movement. Neighborhoods and DistrictsDistrictKeshavarzi - Khamir Kalaye - Gharib Abad - Amir Shahid - Pordesar - Shishe Garan - Ordubazar - Khazar St. - Karegar (Shahid Rajayi)- Andisheh - Shahrake Salman - Shahrake Janbazan - Yousef Abad - Chahar Padeshahan - Sardare Jangal - Shoron Maleh - Khoramshahr - Ghiam St. - Bolvar St. - Nima St. - Jire Sar - Koucheh Bargh - Malek-e-Ashtar - Bazkia Gorab - Shaghayegh St. - East & West Kashef St. - Hazin St. - Sheikh Zahed Village - 22 Aban - Shahid Karimi St. - Bazar Rooz 1 2 3 4 - Shahrake Tarbiat Mo'allem - Shahrake Farhangian - Kamarbandi - Pomp Benzin - Golestan Alleies - Azadegan St. - Taleghani St. - Sher Bafan - Ghasab Mohaleh - Lashidan-e-Hokomati - Lashidan - Tarbiat Mo'allem St. - Assyed Yamani Alley - Abshar & Damaneh - Gabaneh - Karvan Sara Bar - Fayath St. - Hassan Bigdesht - Haji Abad - Asour Meli - Javaher Poshteh - Kord-e-Mahaleh - Namak Abi - Koi Zamani - . . . NeighborhoodsSoustan or Sustan is a small village in southern Lahijan which is divided into two districts, Soustan, the up . . . Soustan, the down. In the southeast of the village, there is a natural pool which locals call it, Soustan'sal. There is also a natural island covered with old trees at the middle of the pool. The pool can be regarded as a major tourist hub in the area. The pool is used for irrigating tea fields and paddy lands across the village. There is also a sand mine (open mine) near the pool, Shin'chal. Contractors extract tens of thousands tones of sand, annually, from the area. Kat'schel is a small village in eastern Lahijan. It is the nearest village to Soustan. Bijar Booneh - Kuh Bijar - Abas Abad - Amir Kalayeh - Bijar Bagh - Satle Sar - Bakhshi Sara - Chelayeh - Sar Choshmeh - Zomeidan - Alisorood - Shin Nesa - Kuroe - Doongahi - Aseyyed Hosseini - Gombol - Kobaneh - Bejayeh - Laliman - Loleman - Ahandan - Nakhjir Kelayeh - Sareshkeh - . . . Tourist HubsSheitan Koh (Satan's Hill) and its waterfall - Sareshke - Baam-e-Sabz - Lahijan Pool (Estakhr) - the Tomb of the Four king (Char Padeshahan) - Golshan Bath - Sheikh Zahed Gilani Tomb - Shen Chal & Sustan Pool - Lahijan Daily Markets No.1 and No.2 - Iran National Tea Museum - Brick Bridge (pole Kheshti) - Amjadossoltan (Tomb of Farah Pahlavi(Diba)'s ancestor - National Library) - Lahidjan gondola - At'ah Kuh - Bulvar . . . Traditional FoodsYou can enjoy a variety of traditional food in Lahijan including: Mirza'ghasemi, Torshe'tare, Bademjan'khoroush, Sir'vabichke Morgh-e-Lako, Baghale Ghatogh, Torshe Tare, koii Khorosh, Sir ghalieh, Alo Mosama, Naz Khatoon, Chaghar Tameh, Anarbij, Shesh Andaz, Shirin Tare, Sirabij, Khali Ovei, Chakhardameh, Motonjen, Loongi, Ghorabij, Mahi Febij, Vavishkah, Torshe Shami, Shami, halichoe, kaleh kabab, tabironey Cinema and Theater CentersThere were two movie centers in Lahijan, Be'sat and Shahr-e-Sabz. It was once an important destination for the people of Lahijan. However, around 10 years ago, because of economic meltdown in the city, both movie centers went bankrupted and shut down. Despite this, Shahr-e-Sabz was rebuilt and re-opened in 2012. Universities and SchoolsThere are two kinds of university in Lahijan, state and non-state (semi-private) universities. State UniversitiesHazrat Zeinab School of Nursing and Midwifery, East Gilan Lahijan Payam-Noor University Tarbiat Modarres College, Lahijan Non-state UniversitiesIslamic Azad University, Lahijan Deylaman Institute of Higher Education Andishmand, the nonprofit institution of higher education Rajai Vocational College For many centuries a hallmark of the people of Lahijan was their endorsement of/for the advancement of literacy and science. The Islamic Azad University of Lahijan brings this endorsement into the modern age. Islamic Azad University of Lahijan (also known as Azad University of Lahijan, formerly known as Islamic Azad University of East of Gilan) is a campus of Islamic Azad University system in Iran. The university was established in 1988 by some outstanding members of Tehran University of Medical Sciences including Dr. Mir Mozafar Masoumi who was also the first President of the university. So far up to 16000 students graduated from university. GalleryReferences1. ^https://www.amar.org.ir/english 2. ^{{GEOnet3|-3072747}} 3. ^{{IranCensus2006|01}}
External links{{Portal|Iran}}{{Commonscatinline}}{{Gilan Province}}{{Lahijan County}}{{authority control}} 3 : Populated places in Lahijan County|Cities in Gilan Province|Populated places on the Caspian Sea |
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