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词条 List of National Treasures of Japan (archaeological materials)
释义

  1. Statistics

  2. Usage

  3. Treasures

  4. See also

  5. Notes

  6. References

  7. Bibliography

The term "National Treasure" has been used in Japan to denote cultural properties since 1897.[1]

The definition and the criteria have changed since the introduction of the term. These archaeological materials adhere to the current definition, and have been designated national treasures since the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties came into effect on June 9, 1951. The items are selected by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology based on their "especially high historical or artistic value".[2][3] The list presents 47 materials or sets of materials from ancient to feudal Japan, spanning a period from about 4,500 BC to 1361 AD. The actual number of items is more than 47 because groups of related objects have been combined into single entries. Most of the items have been excavated from tombs, kofun, sutra mounds or other archaeological sites. The materials are

housed in museums (29), temples (9), shrines (8) and a university (1) in 25 cities of Japan. The Tokyo National Museum houses the greatest number of archaeological national treasures, with 7 of the 47.[3]

The Japanese Paleolithic marks the beginning of human habitation in Japan.[4] It is generally accepted that human settlement did not occur before 38,000 BC, although some sources suggest the date to be as early as 50,000 BC.[5] Archaeological artifacts from the paleolithic era consist of stone tools of various types, indicative of a hunter-gatherer society.[4][5][6][7] From about 14,000 to 8,000 BC, the society gradually transformed to one characterized by the creation of pottery used for storage, cooking, bone burial and possibly ceremonial purposes.[11][8][13] People continued to subsist on hunting, fishing and gathering, but evidence points to a gradual decrease in the nomadic lifestyle.[5][9][10][11][12][13] Potsherds of unornamented pottery from the oldest archaeological sites constitute some of the world's oldest pottery.[14] These are followed by linear-relief, punctated and nail-impressed pottery types. The first cord-marked pottery dates to 8,000 BC.[15] Cord-marked pottery required a technique of pressing twisted cords into the clay, or by rolling cord-wrapped sticks across the clay. The Japanese definition for the period of prehistory characterized by the use of pottery is {{nihongo||縄文|Jōmon|lit. cord-patterned}} and refers to the entire period (c. 10,500 to 300 BC).[16] Pottery techniques reached their apogee during the Middle Jōmon period with the emergence of fire-flame pottery created by sculpting and carving coils of clay applied to vessel rims, resulting in a rugged appearance.[14][17][18][19] A set of 57 items of fire-flame pottery, dating to around 4,500 BC, has been designated as the oldest National Treasure. Archaeologists consider that such pottery may have had a symbolic meaning or was used ceremonially.[18] Dogū—small clay figurines depicting humans and animals—can be dated to the earliest Jōmon period but their prevalence increased dramatically in the middle Jōmon.[20] Many of these depict women with exaggerated breasts and enlarged buttocks, considered to be a fertility symbol.[21][22][23] Five dogū from 3000 to 1000 BC have been designated as National Treasures.

The ensuing Yayoi period is characterized by great technological advances such as wet-rice agriculture or bronze and iron casting, which were introduced from the mainland.[14][24][25] Iron knives and axes, followed by bronze swords, spears and mirrors, were brought to Japan from Korea and China.[25][26] Later all of these were produced locally.[27] The primary artistic artifacts, with the exception of Yayoi pottery, are bronze weapons, such as swords, halberds and dōtaku, ritual bells.[24] The bells were often discovered in groups on a hillside buried with the weapons.[39] They are {{convert|0.2|to|1.2|m|abbr=on}} tall and often decorated with geometric designs such as horizontal bands, flowing water patterns or spirals.[24][28] A few bells feature the earliest Japanese depiction of people and animals.[24][29] In addition ornamental jewels were found. The weapons that have been excavated are flat and thin, suggesting a symbolic use.[24] Due to rusting, few iron objects have survived from this period.[26] Burial mounds in square, and later round, enclosures were common in the Yayoi period. The starting date of the Kofun period (c. 250–300 AD) is defined by the appearance of large-scale keyhole-shaped kofun mound tombs, thought to mark imperial burials.[27][30] Typical burial goods include mirrors, beads, Sue ware, weapons and later horse gear.[30] One of the most well-known tombs, whose content of warrior-related items has been designated as National Treasure, is the late 6th century Fujinoki Tomb.[30] Mirrors, swords and curved jewels, which constitute the Imperial Regalia of Japan, appear as early as the middle Yayoi period, and are abundant in Kofun period tombs.[30] Characteristic of most kofun are haniwa clay terra cotta figures whose origin and purpose is unknown.[30] A haniwa of an armoured man has been designated as National Treasure; and a 1st-century gold seal, designated a National Treasure, shows one of the earliest mentions of Japan or Wa.[52][53]

Buddhism arrived in Japan in the mid–6th century Asuka period, and was officially adopted in the wake of the Battle of Shigisan in 587, after which Buddhist temples began to be constructed.[31] The new religion and customs fundamentally transformed Japanese society and the arts.[32] Funerary traditions such as cremation and the practice of placing epitaphs in graves were imported from China and Korea. Following the treatment of Buddhist relics, the cremated remains in a glass container were wrapped in a cloth and placed in an outer container.[56] Epitaphs, which recorded the lives of the deceased on silver or bronze rectangular strips, were particularly popular from the latter half of the 7th to the end of the 8th century (late Asuka and Nara period). Four epitaphs and a number of cinerary urns and reliquaries containing bones have been designated as National Treasures.[33] Other archaeological National Treasures from the Buddhist era include ritual items buried in the temple foundations of the Golden Halls of Tōdai-ji and Kōfuku-ji in Nara.[58] According to an ancient Buddhist prophecy, the world would enter a dark period in 1051; consequently in the late Heian period the belief in the saving powers of Maitreya or Miroku, the Buddha to be, became widespread. Believers buried scriptures and images to gain merit and to prepare for the coming Buddha.[34][60] This practice, which continued into the Kamakura period, required the transcription of sutras according to strict ritual protocols, their placement in protective reliquary containers and burial in the earth of sacred mountains, shrines or temples to await the future Buddha.[60][35] The oldest known sutra mound is that of Fujiwara no Michinaga from 1007 on Mount Kinpu, who buried one lotus sutra and five other sutras that he had written in 998.[60] Its sutra container has been designated as National Treasure.

Statistics

All of the 47 National Treasures are presently located in Japan; two were discovered in China and three were found in Japan, but the exact locations of their excavation sites is unknown. The excavation sites of the remaining 42 treasures are contained in the following table.

PrefectureCityNational Treasures
present locationexcavation site
AomoriHachinohe11
Ehime Imabari 1 1
FukuokaBuzen11
Fukuoka11
Fukutsu22
Itoshima11
Munakata11
Gunma Ōta—}} 1
HokkaidōHakodate11
Hyōgo Kobe 1 1
Kagawaunknown{{center|—}}1
Kumamoto Kikusui—}} 1
KyotoKyoto43
Mie Ise 1 1
MiyazakiSaito{{center|—}}1
Nagano Chino 2 2
NaraHaibara{{center|—}}1
Ikaruga{{center|—}}1
Kashiba{{center|—}}1
Kashihara1{{center|—}}
Nara53
Sakurai{{center|—}}1
Tenkawa{{center|—}}2
Tenri12
Yoshino1{{center|—}}
Niigata Tōkamachi 1 1
OsakaHabikino11
Kashiwara{{center|—}}1
Osaka2{{center|—}}
Takatsuki{{center|—}}1
Saitama Saitama 1 1
ShigaŌtsu11
Shimane Hikawa—}} 1
Izumo 2—}}
Unnan—}} 1
TokyoTachikawa11
Tokyo11{{center|—}}
Tottori Yurihama 1 1
YamagataFunagata{{center|—}}1
Yamagata1{{center|—}}
Period[36]National Treasures
Jōmon period 6
Yayoi period 6
Warring States period 1
Han Dynasty 1
Kofun period 12
Asuka period 2
Nara period 11
Heian period 7
Nanboku-chō period 1
{{Clear}}

Usage

The table's columns (except for Details and Image) are sortable by pressing the arrow symbols.

  • Name: name of the national treasure as registered in the Database of National Cultural Properties[3]
  • Details: more information about the object such as size and type of items (if the national treasure comprises more than one item)
  • Date: period and year of the item; column entries sort by year or start year of a period if only a period is known
  • Excavation site: "site-name town-name prefecture-name"; column entries sort as "prefecture-name town-name site-name"
  • Present location: "temple/museum/shrine-name town-name prefecture-name"; column entries sort as "prefecture-name town-name temple/museum/shrine-name"
  • Image: picture of the national treasure or of the excavation site

Treasures

NameDetailsDateExcavation sitePresent locationImage
Hollow clay figure|土偶|dogū}}[37][38]41.5|cm|abbr=on}} biggest hollow clay figure in Japan !8000late Jōmon period, 2,000–1,000 BCJapan Hokkaido Hakodate Chobonaino{{nihongo>Chobonaino|著保内野}} site, {{nihongo|Minamikayabe|南茅部町|minamikayabechō}} (now Hakodate), Kayabe District, Hokkaidō Hokkaido HakodateHakodate city Board of Education, Hokkaidō
Dogū with palms together|土偶|dogū}}[38][39]19.8|cm|abbr=on}}, width: {{convert|14.2|cm|abbr=on}}, depth: {{convert|15.2|cm|abbr=on}}, remaining traces of red pigment suggest that the whole figure was once painted red !8000late Jōmon period, 2,000–1,000 BC Aomori Hachinohe Kazahari 1{{nihongoKazahari} 1, Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture. Excavated on June 30, 1997 Aomori HachinoheHachinohe City Museum, Hachinohe, Aomori Prefecture
Nishinomae Dogū|土偶|dogū}}[40][41]45.0|cm|abbr=on}}, width: {{convert|17|cm|abbr=on}}, weight: {{convert|3.155|kg|abbr=on}} !7500middle Jōmon period, ca. 2,500 BC. Excavated in 1992 Yamagata Funagata Nishinomae{{nihongoNishinomae}, Funagata, Yamagata Prefecture. Yamagata YamagataYamagata Prefectural Museum, Yamagata, Yamagata Prefecture—}}
Artifacts from the Saitama Inariyama Kofun|武蔵埼玉稲荷山古墳出土品|musashi saitama inariyama kofun shutsudohin}}[42] Various articles from a burial mound including the Inariyama Sword, a shinju-kyo, a Jade magatama, two silver rings, tools, other weapons and items of armour 0250Kofun period Japan Saitama Gyoda Inariyama KofunInariyama Kofun, Saitama, Saitama Saitama Gyōda Saitama Prefectural Museum of the Sakitama Ancient Burial MoundsSaitama Prefectural Museum of the Sakitama Ancient Burial Mounds, Saitama, Saitama
Objects from the Tōdaijiyama Tumulus|奈良県東大寺山古墳出土品|Nara-ken Tōdaijiyama kofun shutsudohin}}[43][44] Particularly noted for the Tōdaijiyama Sword, the oldest inscribed artifact in Japan. Other articles in this designation include: 13 kanto (ring-pommel) swords and swords with wooden handles, more than 25 iron swords and lances, 261 arrowheads, a set of leather armor, seven bronze vessels, 62 beads, 45 stone arrowheads, 13 pot-shaped stone vesels, 51 jasper arm ornaments. 0300Kofun period, 4th century Japan Nara Tenri Ichinomoto Tōdaijiyama KofunTōdaijiyama Kofun, Ichinomoto, Tenri, Nara Prefecture Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo—}}
Ritual objects used in consecration of the building site of the Golden Hall, Kōfuku-ji|興福寺金堂鎮壇具|Kōfukuji kondō chindangu}}, designation Nr. 0024[45][46]The seven treasures| 七宝|shippō}}: gold, silver, pearl, crystal, amber, glass and agate and include bowls, cups, spoons, a pestle, mirrors, swords, knives, rosary and other beads, combs, hexagonal and cylindrical objects, etc. 0710Tang Dynasty or Nara period, c. 710 Japan Nara Nara Kofukujibelow foundations of the altar of the Golden Hall, Kōfuku-ji, Nara. Excavated in 1874 Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo
Hosokawa Mirror|金銀錯狩猟文鏡|kinginsaku shuryō monkyō}}[47][48][79]17.5|cm|abbr=on}} !9600Warring States period, 3rd–4th century BC China Henan Luoyangtomb close to Luoyang, Henan province, China Tokyo Tokyo Eisei Bunko Museum Eisei Bunko Museum, Tokyo—}}
{{nihongokinsai chōjūunmon dōban}[49][50]36.5|cm|abbr=on}} 0000Former Han–Later Han Dynasty, around 0 ChinaChina Tokyo Tokyo Eisei Bunko Museum Eisei Bunko Museum, Tokyo—}}
Gilt bronze cinerary urn of Ina no Omura|金銅威奈大村骨蔵器|kondō Ina no Ōmura kotsuzōki}}[51]24.2|cm|abbr=on}}, diameter: {{convert|23.6|cm|abbr=on}} 0707Asuka period, 707 Japan Nara KashibaKashiba, Nara Osaka Osaka ShitennojiShitennō-ji, Osaka—}}
Saddle fittings in gilt bronze openwork|金銅透彫鞍金具|kondō sukashibori kura kanagu}}[52][52][53] Two gilt bronze saddle fittings, width: 43 cm (pommel), 52.5 cm (cantle) 0400Kofun period, 5th century Japan Osaka Habikino Furuichi Tomb ClusterOjin Mausoleum (kofun of Emperor Ōjin) in Habikino, Minamikawachi District, Osaka Osaka Habikino Konda HachimanguKonda-Hachimangu, Habikino, Osaka
Ritual Bell with Crossed Band Design|袈裟襷文銅鐸|kesadasukimon dōtaku}}[54]43.0|cm|abbr=on}} !9900Yayoi period, 2nd–1st century BC Japan KagawaPurportedly Sanuki Province (Kagawa Prefecture), excavated during the Edo period Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo
Haniwa armored man|埴輪武装男子立像|haniwa busō danshi ritsuzō}} or Warrior in keikō type armor[55]131.5|cm|abbr=on}} 0500late Kofun period, 6th centuryJapan Gunma Otaformer {{nihongo>Kuai|九合村|kuaimura}} (now Ōta), Nitta District, Gunma Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo
Suda Hachiman Shrine mirror|人物画象鏡|jinbutsuga zōkyō}} or Mirror with design of human figures[56][57]In the eighth month of a gui-wei year, in the reign of the great king ..., when his younger brother the prince was at the Osisaka Palace, Sima, wishing for longevity [of the king], caused two persons ..., to select 200 han of fine bronze and make this mirror., diameter: {{convert>19.8|cm|abbr=on}} 0443Kofun period, 443 or 503 Japan JapanJapan, exact date and place unknownTokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo, owned by {{nihongo>Suda-Hachiman Shrine|隅田八幡神社|suda hachiman jinja}}, Hashimoto Wakayama
Stone pillar|石幢|sekidō}}[58][59]10|cm|abbr=on}} thickness and a conical headstone, height: {{convert|166|cm|abbr=on}}, width: {{convert|42|cm|abbr=on}} 1361-07Nanboku-chō period, July 1361 Tokyo Tachikawa Fusaijiuntil Meiji period located on the cemetery behind the compound grounds of Fusai-ji; moved to its present location in 1889Tokyo Tachikawa Fusaiji{{nihongo>Fusai-ji|普済寺}}, Tachikawa, Tokyo
Urns found at Miyajidake Shrine, Chikuzen Province|筑前国宮地獄神社境内出土骨 蔵器|chikuzen no kuni miyajidake jinjakeidai shutsudo kotsuzōki}}[60][61][62]19.5|cm|abbr=on}}) and glass vase ({{convert|11.2|cm|abbr=on}}) which were used as urns 0710Nara periodJapan Fukuoka Fukutsu Miyajidake Kofunnear {{nihongo>Miyajidake Kofun|宮地嶽古墳}}, Fukutsu, Fukuoka, excavated in 1938 Fukuoka Fukutsu Miyajidake ShrineMiyajidake Shrine, Fukutsu, Fukuoka—}}
Copper epitaph of Funashi Ōgo|銅製船氏王後墓誌|ｄōsei funashi ōgo no boshi}}[63]Funashi Ōgo|船氏王後}} who died in 641 and was reburied with his wife in 668. The inscription of 162 characters tells on one side about his birthplace and career and on the opposite about his age at death and the burial details. This is the oldest extant Japanese epitaph. {{convert|29.7|x|6.8|cm|abbr=on}} 0668Asuka period, 668Japan Osaka Kashiwara Shokozan{{nihongo>shōkōzan|松岡山}}, Kashiwara, Osaka Tokyo Tokyo Mitsui Memorial MuseumMitsui Memorial Museum, Tokyo
Gilt bronze harness from the Saitobaru kofun in Hyūga Province| 日向国西都原古墳出土金銅馬具類|Hyūga no kuni saitobaru kofun shutsudo kondōbagurui}}[64][65] Horse ornament with openwork decorations, gilt bronze trapping 0500Kofun period, 6th century Japan Miyazaki Saito Saitobaruexcavated from a tomb at Saitobaru, Saito, Miyazaki Tokyo Tokyo Gotoh MuseumGotoh Museum, Tokyo
Objects from the Eta Funayama Kofun in Higo Province|肥後江田船山古墳出土品|higo eta funayama kofun shutsudohin}}[66] Swords (one with an inscription inlaid in silver: Eta Funayama Sword), armor, weapons, a gilt-bronze headdress and a pair of gilt-bronze shoes, gold earrings, jewels and other ornaments, six bronze mirrors, horse trappings, and ceramic utensils excavated from a stone burial chamber 0500Kofun period, late 5th–early 6th centuryJapan Kumamoto Kikusui Eta Funayama{{nihongo>Eta Funayama Kofun|江田船山古墳}}, Kikusui, Tamana District, Kumamoto. Excavated in 1873 Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo
Objects from the grave of Fumi no Nemaro|文祢麻呂墓出土品|fumi no nemarobo shutsudohin}}[67][68]26.2|cm|abbr=on}} long) and box ({{convert|4.8|cm|abbr=on}} high), gilt bronze outer container ({{convert|26.7|cm|abbr=on}} high), funerary urn of green glass ({{convert|17.8|cm|abbr=on}} high) 0707Nara period, 707Japan Nara Haibara Yataki{{nihongo>Yataki|八滝}}, Haibara, Nara Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo
Blaze-shaped pottery from the Sasayama site in Niigata prefecture|新潟県笹山遺跡出土深鉢形土器|niigata-ken sasayama iseki shutsudo　fukabachigata doki}}[69][70] 57 items of flame-shaped pottery for ceremonial use, probably the world's oldest pottery!5500|Jōmon period, ca. 4,500 BC}}Japan Niigata Tokamachi Sasayama{{nihongo>Sasayama|笹山}}, Tōkamachi, NiigataNiigata Tokamachi Tokamachi City Museum{{nihongo>Tōkamachi City Museum|十日町市博物 館|tōkamachi-shi hakubutsukan}}, Tōkamachi, Niigata
Jōmon Venus|土偶|dogū}}[38][71]27|cm|abbr=on}}, weight: {{convert|2.14|kg|abbr=on}} !7000middle Jōmon period, 3,000–2,000 BCJapan Nagano Chino Yonezawa Tanabatake{{nihongo>Tanabatake|棚畑}} site, {{nihongo|Yonezawa|米沢}}, Chino, Nagano Nagano Chino Togariishi Museum of Jomon ArchaeologyTogariishi Museum of Jōmon Archaeology, Chino, Nagano
Masked Goddess|土偶|dogū}}[72][73]34|cm|abbr=on}}, weight: {{convert|2.7|kg|abbr=on}} !8000late Jōmon period, 2,000–1,000 BCJapan Nagano Chino Nakappara{{nihongo>Nakappara|中ッ原}} site, Chino, Nagano Nagano Chino Togariishi Museum of Jomon ArchaeologyTogariishi Museum of Jōmon Archaeology, Chino, Nagano—}}
Artifacts from the Kyōgamine sutra mounds at Mount Asama in Ise province|伊勢国朝熊山経ケ峯経塚出 土品|ise no kuni asamayama kyōgamine kyōzuka shutsudohin}}[74] Various articles including: two mirrors incised with the Amida triad, one mirror incised with Amitābha nyorai, remains of a bronze mirror, a bronze decanter, an earthenware canister, two bronze sutra cylinders, lotus sutra 1159Heian period, 1159–1173Japan Mie Ise Asamayama{{nihongo>Kyōgamine|経ケ峯}} sutra mound, {{nihongo|Mount Asama|朝熊山|asamayama}}, Ise, Mie Mie Ise KongoshojiKongōshō-ji, Ise, Mie—}}
Reliquary set from the Sūfuku-ji temple pagoda|崇福寺塔心礎納置品|sūfukujitō shinsonōchihin}}[75][76]3|cm|abbr=on}}, aperture: {{convert|1.7|cm|abbr=on}}) with gold lid enshrining bones placed in a gold box ({{convert|6|x|4.2|cm|abbr=on}}) surrounded by a silver box ({{convert|7.9|x|5.8|cm|abbr=on}}) surrounded by a gilt bronze box ({{convert|10.6|x|7.9|cm|abbr=on}}). Other items unearthed include 11 {{nihongo|Mumon Ginsen|無文銀銭}} silver coins (diameter ca. {{convert|3|cm|abbr=on}}), three green glass beads (diameter {{convert|0.6|–|0.7|cm|abbr=on}}), two amethyst beads (diameter {{convert|0.5|cm|abbr=on}} and {{convert|0.7|cm|abbr=on}}), 11 translucent green glass beads (diameter {{convert|0.2|cm|abbr=on}}), gold leaf and grain, metal fixtures, a fragment of a bell, wood splinter 0710Nara periodJapan Shiga Otsu Sufukujipagoda of {{nihongo>Sūfuku-ji|崇福寺}}, Ōtsu, Shiga Shiga Otsu OmijinguŌmi Shrine, Ōtsu, Shiga
Relics from the Kurama-dera sutra mound|鞍馬寺経塚遺物|kurama-dera kyōzuka ibutsu}}[77][78]two-storied towers|宝塔|hōtō}} of stone, iron and bronze, a decorative Buddhist banner-shaped bronze sutra container, sutra containers of bronze, gold and clay, three statues of noble characters, remains of a {{nihongo|kakebotoke|懸仏}}, an image of Buddha, three mirrors, remains of a bronze mirror, a pestle, a bronze water jug, a porcelain box, two inkstones and copper coins 1120Heian period–Kamakura period, 1120–1260 Japan Kyoto Kyoto Kuramaderasutra mound behind the kon-dō (main hall) of Kurama-dera, Kyoto. Excavated in 1878 Kyoto Kyoto KuramaderaKurama-dera, Kyoto—}}
Bronze epitaph plate for Ono no Emishi|金銅小野毛人墓誌|kondō Ono no Emishi boshi}}[79][80][81] Bronze epitaph of Ono no Emishi (58.9 cm × 5.8 cm × 0.4 cm) with an inscription on both sides. Ono no Emishi was the son of Ono no Imoko and government official under Emperor Temmu. He died in 677. This memorial tablet was made some time after his death. 0710Nara period, first half of 8th centuryJapan Kyoto Kyoto Kamitakanograve in {{nihongo>Kamitakano|上高野|}}, Sakyō-ku, Kyoto. Discovered in 1613, returned to the grave and taken out for safekeeping in 1914Kyoto Kyoto Sudo Shrine{{nihongo>Sudō Shrine|崇道神社|sudō jinja}}, Kyoto
Gilt bronze Fujiwara no Michinaga sutra container|金銅藤原道長経筒|kondō Fujiwara Michinaga kyōzutsu}}[82][83]36|cm|abbr=on}}, diameter at base: {{convert|16.1|cm|abbr=on}}, thickness: {{convert|0.3|cm|abbr=on}}) 1007-08-11Heian period, August 11, 1007Japan Nara Tenkawa Mount Kinpu{{nihongo>Mount Kinpu|金峯山|kinpusen}}, Tenkawa, Nara; excavated in 1671 Kyoto Kyoto Kyoto National MuseumKyoto National Museum, Kyoto; owned by Kinmpu Shrine, Yoshino, Nara—}}
Artifacts from the Nishinoyama Yamashina Kofun|山科西野山古墳出土品|yamashina nishinoyama kofun shutsudohin}} Burial accessories from the tomb of an aristocrat including: a sword, knife, arrowheads, nail, belt 0250Kofun periodJapan Kyoto Kyoto Yamashina Nishinoyama{{nihongo>Nishinoyama|西野山}}, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Kyoto Kyoto Kyoto UniversityKyoto University, Kyoto—}}
Artifacts from the Kinpusen sutra mound|大和国金峯山経塚出土品|yamato no kuni kinpusen kyōzuka shutsudohin}}[84][83] A gold- and silver-plated bronze sutra case with design of birds and hosoge flowers, two bronze sutra cases buried by Fujiwara no Michinaga in a sutra mound during a pilgrimage on Mount Kinpu 1007Heian period, 1007Japan Nara Tenkawa Mount Kinpu{{nihongo>Mount Kinpu|金峯山|kinpusen}}, Tenkawa, Nara Nara Yoshino KinpusenjiKinpusen-ji, Yoshino, Nara—}}
Bronze epitaph of Ishikawa no Toshitari|金銅石川年足墓誌|kondō ishikawa no toshitari boshi}}[85][86] Bronze epitaph of the aristocrat Toshitari Ishikawa (29.6 cm × 10.3 cm × 0.3 cm) with a six line, 130 character inscription and gold plating 0762-12-28Nara period, December 28, 762Japan Osaka Takatsuki Tsukimi{{nihongo>Tsukimi|月見町|tsukimi-chō}}, Takatsuki, Osaka, Osaka Osaka Osaka Osaka Museum of HistoryOsaka Museum of History, Osaka, privately owned
Ritual bells with crossed bands design|袈裟襷文銅鐸|kesadasukimon dōtaku}}, {{nihongo|Ritual bell|銅鐸|dōtaku}}, {{nihongo|Ritual Bell with running water design|流水文銅鐸|ryūsuimon dōtaku}}, {{nihongo|Bronze dagger-axes|銅戈|dōka}} Ten dōtaku with crossed band design, one other dōtaku, three dōtaku with running water design and seven bronze dagger-axes !9600Yayoi period Japan Hyogo Kobe Nadaku Sakuragaoka{{nihongoSakuragaoka-chō}, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyōgo; excavated in December 1964 Hyogo Kobe Kobe City MuseumKobe City Museum, Kobe, Hyōgo—}}
Ritual objects used in consecration of the building site of the Golden Hall, Kōfuku-ji|興福寺金堂鎮壇具|Kōfukuji kondō chindangu}}, designation Nr. 0025[87] Two small silver gilded bowl, fragment of a silver gilded stem cup, seven small silver bowls, five rosary crystal beads, six other crystal beads 0710Nara period, 710 Japan Nara Nara Kofukujiwithin foundations of the altar of the Golden Hall, Kōfuku-ji, Nara. Excavated in 1884 Nara Nara KofukujiKōfuku-ji, Nara, Nara—}}
Seven-Branched Sword|七支刀|nanatsusaya no tachi, shichishitō}}74.9|cm|abbr=on}} long iron sword with six branch-like protrusions along the central blade and an inscription; probably made in Korea 0369Kofun period, 369 Japan Nara Tenri Isonokami Shrinein Isonokami Shrine, Tenri, Nara since ancient times Nara Tenri Isonokami ShrineIsonokami Shrine, Tenri, Nara
Bowl-shaped cap for the finial of the three-storied pagoda of Ōbaradera|大和国粟原寺三重塔伏鉢|yamato no kuni ōbaradera sanjū no tō fukubachi}}[56][88]49|cm|abbr=on}} (at top), {{convert|76.4|cm|abbr=on}} (at bottom), height: {{convert|35.2|cm|abbr=on}} 0715Nara period, 715Japan Nara Sakurai Obaradera originally at {{nihongo>Ōbara-dera|粟原寺}}, Sakurai, Nara Nara Nara Nara National MuseumNara National Museum, Nara, owned by Tanzan Shrine, Sakurai, Nara—}}
Ritual objects used in consecration of the building site of the Golden Hall, Tōdai-ji|東大寺金堂鎭壇具|tōdaiji kondō chindangu}} Small gilt silver bowl with a hunting motif, swords, armor, a mirror, a fragment of a lacquer box, a crystal box, crystal objects, amber beads, glass beads and 22 crystal beads 0750Nara period, c. 750 Japan Nara Nara Todaiji KondoKondō, Tōdai-ji, Nara, Nara Nara Nara TodaijiTōdai-ji, Nara, Nara
Artifacts from the Nara Fujinoki kofun|奈良県藤ノ木古墳出土品|nara-ken fujinoki kofun shutsudohin}}[89] Various articles from a 6th-century tomb generally of Chinese appearance including a gilt bronze saddle with elephant and phoenix motifs, four bronze mirrors, earthen ware and Sue ware, metal objects and glass articles 0550Kofun period, latter half of 6th century Japan Nara Ikaruga Fujinoki KofunFujinoki Tomb, Ikaruga, Nara; excavated in 1985 Nara Kashihara Archaeological Institute of Kashihara MuseumThe Museum, Archaeological Institute of Kashihara, Kashihara, Nara
Stone with the imprint of Buddha's feet|仏足石|bussoku seki}}[90][126][91] Buddha footprint on stone with circles of truth (horin) engraved in the feet; Japan's oldest Buddha footprint 0753-07-27Nara period, July 27, 753 Japan, exact place unknown Nara Nara YakushijiYakushi-ji, Nara, Nara
Verses tablet|仏足跡歌碑|bussoku seki kahi}} or Yakushi-ji Poems[90][92][91] Tablet with 21 verses in the Tanka style praising the Stone with the imprint of Buddha's feet, written in the man'yōgana writing system 0750Nara period, c. 750 Japan, exact place unknown Nara Nara YakushijiYakushi-ji, Nara, Nara
Artifacts from the Shitori sutra mound|伯耆一宮経塚出土品|hōki no ichinomiya kyōzuka shutsudohin}}thousand-armed Goddess of Mercy|千手観音}}, a copper sheet with an engraving of Maitreya Bodhisattva, two bronze mirrors, a bronze sutra container, fragments of a {{nihongohiōgi} folding fans, remains of short swords and knives, glass beads, two copper coins and remains of lacquer ware 1103Heian period, 1103 Japan Tottori Yurihama Shitori ShrineShitori Shrine, Yurihama, Tottori Tottori Yurihama Shitori ShrineShitori Shrine, Yurihama, Tottori—}}
Bronze bells from the Kamo-Iwakura site|島根県加茂岩倉遺跡出土銅鐸|shimane-ken kamo iwakura iseki shutsudo dōtaku}}[93] 39 dōtaku ritual bells; largest number excavated from a single site in Japan !9600middle Yayoi periodJapan Shimane Unnan Kamo Iwakura Site{{nihongo>Kamo Iwakura Site|加茂岩倉遺跡|kamo iwakura iseki}}, Unnan, Shimane. Found in 1996 Shimane Izumo Shimane Museum of Ancient IzumoShimane Museum of Ancient Izumo, Izumo, Shimane
Bronze implements from the Kojindani site|島根県荒神谷遺跡出土品|shimane-ken kōjindani iseki shutsudohin}}[94][95]bronze hoko|銅矛}} (spears), six dōtaku ritual bells; length of swords: {{convert|50|-|53|cm|abbr=on}} !9600Yayoi periodJapan Shimane Hikawa Kojindani Site{{nihongo>Kōjindani Site|荒神谷遺跡|kōjindani iseki}}, Hikawa, Shimane. Excavated in 1984–1985 Shimane Izumo Shimane Museum of Ancient IzumoShimane Museum of Ancient Izumo, Izumo, Shimane
Artifacts from the Narabara sutra mound|伊予国奈良原山経塚出土品|iyo no kuni narabarasan kyōzuka shutsudohin}}[56]71.5|cm|abbr=on}}, diameter of body: {{convert|17.3|cm|abbr=on}}), a bronze sutra container, five bronze mirrors, two {{nihongohiōgi} folding fans, two porcelain boxes, a bronze hairpin, small knives, five bronze bells, an iron bell, a temple gong, copper coins, remains of a jar and an earthenware soup bowl 1100Heian period, 12th centuryJapan Ehime Imabari Mount Narabara{{nihongo>Mount Narabara|奈良原山, 楢原山|tamagawa kindai bijutsukan}}, Imabari, EhimeEhime Imabari Tamagawa Modern Art Museum{{nihongo>Tamagawa Modern Art Museum|玉川近代 美術館|tamagawa kindai bijutsukan}}, Imabari, Ehime. owner: {{nihongo|Narabara Shrine|奈良原神社|narabara jinja}}—}}
Artifacts from the Miyajidake Kofun|宮地嶽古墳出土品|Miyajidake kofun shutsudohin}}[96][61] Various articles from a 6th-century kofun including horse ornaments, a crown, remains of two long swords, bronze mirrors, a gold ring, bronze chains, bronze bowls 0500Kofun period, 6th centuryJapan Fukuoka Fukutsu Miyajidake Kofun{{nihongo>Miyajidake Kofun|宮地嶽古墳}}, Fukutsu, Fukuoka Fukuoka Fukutsu Miyajidake ShrineMiyajidake Shrine, Fukutsu, Fukuoka.
Gold seal|金印|kinin}}[56][97]King of the Na state of the Wa (vassal) of Han Dynasty|漢委奴國王|Kan no Wa no Na no Kokuō}}; {{convert|2.35|cm|abbr=on}} square, height: {{convert|2.25|cm|abbr=on}}, weight: {{convert|109|g|abbr=on}}; said to be the seal granted by Emperor Guangwu of Han in 57 AD as mentioned in the Book of the Later Han 0000Yayoi period, 1st century Japan Fukuoka Fukuoka Shikanoshimasouthern tip of Shikanoshima, Fukuoka, Fukuoka. Found on April 12, 1784 Fukuoka Fukuoka Fukuoka City MuseumFukuoka City Museum, Fukuoka, Fukuoka.
Copper plate sutras|銅板法華経|dōban hokekyō}} and {{nihongo|Copper container|銅筥|dōbako}}[98][56][99] 33 copper plates (21.2 cm × 18.2 cm × 0.3 cm) with engraved sūtras and cast bronze container (height: 22.5 cm, 21.4 cm × 18.3 cm at base) engraved with Buddha statues on all four sides, plated with gold at the four corners 1142Heian period, September 24, 1142 (plates) and October 21, 1142 (box) according to inscriptionsJapan Fukuoka Buzen Kubotesan{{nihongo>Mount Kubote|求菩提山|kubotesan}}, Buzen, FukuokaFukuoka Buzen Kubote Historical Museum{{nihongo>Kubote Historical Museum|求菩提資 料館|kubote shiryōkan}}, Buzen, Fukuoka—}}
Artifacts from the Okitsumiya ritual site of Munakata-taisha|福岡県宗像大社沖津宮祭祀遺 跡出土品|fukuoka-ken munakata-taisha okitsumiya saishi iseki shutsudohin}} and {{nihongo}[74][100][101]golden loom|金銅高機|kin-sei takabata}}, a harness pendant in the shape of a heart leaf, mirrors, bracelets, beads, Haji ware pot, Sue ware vessel stand, a bronze incense burner, magatama, a gold ring, a gilt-bronze miniature of five-stringed zither, a gilt-bronze miniature floor loom, etc. 0250Kofun period–Heian period; the golden loom dates to the Asuka period, 6th–7th century; gilt-bronze loom, pot, vessel stand and miniature zither date to the Nara period, 8th century Japan Fukuoka Munakata OkinoshimaOkinoshima, Munakata, Fukuoka Fukuoka Munakata Munakata TaishaMunakata Taisha, Munakata, Fukuoka—}}
Artifacts from the Hirabaru square-shaped moated burial precinct|福岡県平原方形周溝墓出土品|fukuoka-ken hirabaru hōkei shūkōbo shutsudohin}}[102][103][104]46.5|cm|abbr=on}} !9600Yayoi period–Kofun periodJapan Fukuoka Maebaru Hirabaru Site{{nihongo>Hirabaru Site|平原遺跡|hirabaru iseki}}, Maebaru, Fukuoka; excavated in 1965Fukuoka Itoshima Itokoku History Museum{{nihongo>Itokoku History Museum|伊都国歴史博物館|itokoku rekishi hakubutsukan}}, Itoshima, Fukuoka—}}

See also

  • Nara Research Institute for Cultural Properties
  • Tokyo Research Institute for Cultural Properties
  • Independent Administrative Institution National Museum

Notes

1. ^{{cite book|last= Coaldrake|first= William Howard|title= Architecture and authority in Japan|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=bCLNX8_a4WQC&pg=PA248&dq=Law+for+the+Preservation+of+Ancient+Shrines+and+Temples|origyear= 1996|year= 2002|publisher= Routledge|location= London, New York|isbn= 0-415-05754-X|page= 248}}
2. ^{{cite web |title = Cultural Properties for Future Generations |url = http://www.bunka.go.jp/tokei_hakusho_shuppan/shuppanbutsu/bunkazai_pamphlet/pdf/pamphlet_en_03_ver05.pdf |publisher = Agency for Cultural Affairs, Cultural Properties Department |location = Tokyo, Japan |format = PDF |date = March 2017 |accessdate = 2017-12-17 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20171216231044/http://www.bunka.go.jp/tokei_hakusho_shuppan/shuppanbutsu/bunkazai_pamphlet/pdf/pamphlet_en_03_ver05.pdf |archivedate = 2017-12-16 |df = |deadurl = yes}}
3. ^1 2 {{Cite web| publisher = Agency for Cultural Affairs| script-title=ja:国指定文化財 データベース|trans-title=Database of National Cultural Properties| accessdate = 2009-04-16| date = 2008-11-01| url = http://www.bunka.go.jp/bsys/index.asp| language = Japanese}}
4. ^1 {{Harvnb|Cremin|2007|p=264}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite web| url = http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/palaeol.html| title = Japanese Palaeolithic Period| first = Charles T.| last = Keally| date = 2009-10-13| work = Japanese Archaeology| publisher = Charles T. Keally| accessdate = 2010-03-19}}
6. ^{{Harvnb|Mizoguchi|2002|p=56}}
7. ^{{Harvnb|Mason|Caiger|1997|p=20}}
8. ^{{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|pp=64–71}}
9. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/jomon.html| title = Jomon Culture| first = Charles T.| last = Keally| date = 2009-10-13| work = Japanese Archaeology| publisher = Charles T. Keally| accessdate = 2010-03-19}}
10. ^{{Harvnb|Kleiner|2008|p=207}}
11. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/early.htm |title = Early Jomon |date = 2009-10-13 |publisher = Niigata Prefectural Museum of History |accessdate = 2010-03-19 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://archive.is/20120622185953/http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/early.htm |archivedate = 2012-06-22 |df = }}
12. ^{{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|p=60}}
13. ^{{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|p=64}}
14. ^1 2 3 {{Harvnb|Kleiner|2008|p=208}}
15. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/incipient.htm |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20020817022928/http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/incipient.htm |dead-url = yes |archive-date = 2002-08-17 |title = Incipient Jomon |date = 2009-10-13 |publisher = Niigata Prefectural Museum of History |accessdate = 2010-03-19}}
16. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/earliest.htm |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20010429093207/http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/earliest.htm |dead-url = yes |archive-date = 2001-04-29 |title = Earliest Jomon |date = 2009-10-13 |publisher = Niigata Prefectural Museum of History |accessdate = 2010-03-19}}
17. ^1 {{Harvnb|Habu|2004|p=203}}
18. ^1 {{cite web |url = http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/middlejomon.htm |title = Middle Jomon |date = 2009-10-13 |publisher = Niigata Prefectural Museum of History |accessdate = 2010-03-19 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090525100233/http://www.nbz.or.jp/eng/middlejomon.htm |archivedate = 2009-05-25 |df = }}
19. ^{{Harvnb|Habu|2004|p=3}}
20. ^{{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|p=70}}
21. ^{{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|p=522}}
22. ^{{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|p=330}}
23. ^{{Harvnb|Kipfer|2000|p=160}}
24. ^1 2 3 4 {{Harvnb|Noma|2003|pp=13–14}}
25. ^1 {{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|pp=80–107}}
26. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.yamasa.org/history/english/yayoi_jidai.html| title = Yayoi Culture| publisher = Yamasa Institute| last = Murphy| first = Declan| accessdate = 2010-03-19}}
27. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/yayoi.html| title = Yayoi Culture| first = Charles T.| last = Keally| date = 2006-06-03| work = Japanese Archaeology| publisher = Charles T. Keally| accessdate = 2010-03-19}}
28. ^1 {{Harvnb|Frédéric|2005|pp=160–161}}
29. ^{{Harvnb|Kleiner|2008|p=209}}
30. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web| url = http://www.t-net.ne.jp/~keally/kofun.html| title = Kofun Culture| first = Charles T.| last = Keally| date = 2009-04-27| work = Japanese Archaeology| publisher = Charles T. Keally| accessdate = 2010-03-19}}
31. ^{{Harvnb|Sansom|Sansom|1958|p=49}}
32. ^{{Harvnb|Farris|1998|p=234}}
33. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.asukanet.gr.jp/asukahome/ASUKA2/ASUKAKOFUN/bosi.html| title = Tomb Inscriptions| first = Yasuhito| last = Kakiya| year = 1995| work = Japanese Archaeology| publisher = Asuka Historical Museum| accessdate = 2010-04-23}}
34. ^{{Harvnb|Nishikawa|Sano|1983|p=58}}
35. ^{{Harvnb|Adolphson|Kamens|Matsumoto|2007|p=245}}
36. ^Only the oldest period is counted if a National Treasure belongs to more than one period.
37. ^{{Cite web| script-title=ja:教育ほっかいどう第374号－活動レポート－国宝「土偶」について|trans-title=Education Hokkaidō issue 374 activity report, National Treasure dogū| publisher = Hokkaido Prefectural Government| accessdate = 2009-05-13| year = 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505052035/http://www.dokyoi.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp/kyouikuhokkaidou374-report-kokuhou.htm|archivedate = 2008-05-05| url = http://www.dokyoi.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp/kyouikuhokkaidou374-report-kokuhou.htm| language = Japanese}}
38. ^1 2 {{Cite web| title = The Power of Dogu| publisher = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2010-02-06| year = 2010| url = http://www.tnm.go.jp/en/servlet/Con?pageId=D01&processId=02&event_id=6908&event_idx=1&initdate=2009/12/01&dispdate=2010/02/11}}
39. ^{{Cite web| script-title=ja:合掌土偶について|trans-title=Dogū with palms together| publisher = Hachinohe| accessdate = 2009-11-30| year = 2009| url = http://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/index.cfm/12,21230,43,153,html| language = Japanese}}
40. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:文化審議会答申 |trans-title=Report from the culture commission |publisher = Agency for Cultural Affairs |date = 2012-04-24 |accessdate = 2012-08-13 |url = http://www.bunka.go.jp/ima/press_release/pdf/shingikai_toushin_120420_ver3.pdf |language = Japanese |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/69tdtaz6E?url=http://www.bunka.go.jp/ima/press_release/pdf/shingikai_toushin_120420_ver3.pdf |archivedate = 2012-08-13 |deadurl = yes |df = }}
41. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:祝・国宝 |trans-title=Congratulations, National Treasure |publisher = Yamagata Prefectural Museum |year = 2012 |accessdate = 2012-08-13 |url = http://www.yamagata-museum.jp/mulgizw6m-1873/?block_id=1873&active_action=multidatabase_view_main_detail&multidatabase_id=144&content_id=4554 |language = Japanese |archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/69teCFLLV?url=http://www.yamagata-museum.jp/mulgizw6m-1873/?block_id=1873&active_action=multidatabase_view_main_detail&multidatabase_id=144&content_id=4554 |archivedate = 2012-08-13 |deadurl = yes |df = }}
42. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:武蔵埼玉稲荷山古墳出土品 |trans-title=Artifacts from the Saitama Inariyama Kofun |work = Cultural Heritage Online |publisher = Agency for Cultural Affairs |accessdate = 2009-05-13 |url = http://bunka.nii.ac.jp/SearchDetail.do?heritageId=172449 |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110723075242/http://bunka.nii.ac.jp/SearchDetail.do?heritageId=172449 |archivedate = 2011-07-23 |df = }}
43. ^{{Cite web |url = http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100619?word=&d_lang=en&s_lang=ja&class_id=&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=&cptype=&owner=&pos=825&num=8&mode=detail |title = Objects from the Tōdaijiyama Tumulus |work = Emuseum |publisher = Tokyo National Museum |accessdate = 2017-11-13 |year = 2004 |archivedate = 2017-11-13 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20171113111604/http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100619?word=&d_lang=en&s_lang=ja&class_id=&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=&cptype=&owner=&pos=825&num=8&mode=detail |deadurl = yes |df = }}
44. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:文化審議会答申 国宝・重要文化財（美術工芸品）の指定について |trans-title=Council of Cultural Affairs: Designation of National Treasures and Important Cultural Properties in the Arts and Crafts category |publisher = Agency for Cultural Affairs |date = 2017-03-10 |accessdate = 2017-11-13 |url = http://www.bunka.go.jp/koho_hodo_oshirase/hodohappyo/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2017/08/18/2017031002.pdf |language = Japanese}}
45. ^{{Cite web| title = Ritual objects used in consecration of building site of Golden Hall, Kofuku-ji| publisher = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2009-05-13| url = http://www.tnm.jp/en/servlet/Con?processId=00&ref=2&Q1=&Q2=&Q3=&Q4=10___________&Q5=&F1=&F2=&pageId=E15&colid=E14254X}}
46. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.emuseum.jp/cgi/pkihon.cgi?SyoID=7&ID=w125&SubID=s000| title = Votive Objects Buried at Kōfuku-ji Golden Hall| work = Emuseum| publisher = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2009-05-13| year = 2004| archivedate = 2007-06-13| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613044228/http://www.emuseum.jp/cgi/pkihon.cgi?SyoID=7&ID=w125&SubID=s000}}
47. ^{{Cite web| title = Collection| publisher = Eisei Bunko Museum| accessdate = 2009-05-13| url = http://www.eiseibunko.com/collection.html| language = Japanese}}
48. ^{{Cite web| title = News from the Waseda Neighbourhood : Eisei Bunko Museum | work = Waseda Weekly| publisher = Waseda University| accessdate = 2009-05-13| date = 2004-11-04| url = http://www.waseda.jp/student/weekly/contents/english/e043a.html}}
49. ^1 {{Cite web| script-title=ja:秋季展|trans-title=Autumn exhibition| publisher = Eisei Bunko Museum| accessdate = 2009-05-13| url = http://www.eiseibunko.com/end_exhibition/2007.html| language = Japanese}}
50. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:永青文庫の国宝 |trans-title = National Treasures of Eisei Bunko |publisher = History of Archaeology traveller's journal |accessdate = 2009-05-13 |url = http://homepage1.nifty.com/rekisi-iv/report/h16kokuhou/20041017eiseibunko/eiseibunkokokuhou-main.htm |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120924062905/http://homepage1.nifty.com/rekisi-iv/report/h16kokuhou/20041017eiseibunko/eiseibunkokokuhou-main.htm |archivedate = 2012-09-24 |df = }}
51. ^{{Cite web |title = Gilt-bronze Cinerary Container of Ina-no-Omura |publisher = Kyoto National Museum |accessdate = 2009-05-14 |url = http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/jp/tokubetsu_old/syuzou/meihin_%95%A1%90%94%92u%8A%B7%91O%82%CCBU/kouko/item11.html |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://archive.is/20130218225601/http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/jp/tokubetsu_old/syuzou/meihin_%95%A1%90%94%92u%8A%B7%91O%82%CCBU/kouko/item11.html |archivedate = 2013-02-18 |df = }}
52. ^Attached to the nomination are one gilt bronze bit panel, gilt bronze strap buckles with floral design, a sword sheath of deer horn, remains of a harness, of iron arrowheads, of armour, etc together with the documents related to the excavation.
53. ^{{Cite web| title = 金銅透彫鞍金具|trans-title=Saddle fittings| publisher = Konda-Hachimangu| accessdate = 2009-05-13| url = http://www012.upp.so-net.ne.jp/kondagu/houmotu.html}}
54. ^{{Cite web| title = Ritual Bell with Crossed Band Design| work = Emuseum| publisher = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2010-04-25| year = 2004| url = http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100201/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en&s_lang=en&class=10&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=¢ury=&cptype=&owner=&pos=1&num=1}}
55. ^{{Cite web| title = Haniwa Armored Man| work = Emuseum| publisher = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2010-04-25| year = 2004| url = http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100200/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en&s_lang=en&class=10&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=¢ury=&cptype=&owner=&pos=1&num=3}}
56. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite book| publisher = Yomiuri Shimbun| title = National Treasures of Japan – Exhibition catalogure, April 10 - May 27, 1990, Tokyo National Museum| year = 1990| language = Japanese}}
57. ^{{Cite book| publisher = BRILL| pages = 17–19| last = Christopher Seeley| title = A history of writing in Japan| accessdate = 2009-05-14| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=KCZ2ya6cg88C&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=suda+hachiman+mirror| isbn = 978-90-04-09081-1| year = 1991}}
58. ^{{Cite web |script-title = 六面石幢 |trans-title= Hexagonal stone column |publisher = Fusai-ji |accessdate = 2018-05-02 |url = http://www.fusaiji.or.jp/treasure.html}}
59. ^{{Harvnb|Bhattacharyya|2004|p=33}}
60. ^Attached to the nomination are remains of a bowl or pot.
61. ^1 {{Cite web |script-title = ja:宝物 |trans-title=Treasures |publisher = Miyajidake Shrine |accessdate = 2011-03-12 |year = 2006 |language = Japanese |url = http://www.miyajidake.or.jp/midokoro/index.html |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110209041647/http://www.miyajidake.or.jp/midokoro/index.html |archivedate = 2011-02-09 |df = }}
62. ^{{Cite web |title = Cultural Assets |publisher = Fukutsu city |accessdate = 2009-05-15 |url = http://www.city.fukutsu.lg.jp/kyoiku/cultural/kokuhou.html |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://archive.is/20110723041101/http://www.city.fukutsu.lg.jp/kyoiku/cultural/kokuhou.html |archivedate = 2011-07-23 |df = }}
63. ^{{cite web| title = Collection| publisher = Mitsui Memorial Museum| accessdate = 2010-04-25| year = 2009| url = http://www.mitsui-museum.jp/collection/collection.html}}
64. ^{{Cite book| title = The Gotoh Museum Guide| date = May 2007| language = Japanese, English| publisher = The Gotoh Museum}}
65. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:金銅馬具類 |trans-title=Gilt bronze harness |accessdate = 2009-05-13 |url = http://www.0503ak1025.net/zz-bagu.html |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100713214529/http://www.0503ak1025.net/zz-bagu.html |archivedate = 2010-07-13 |df = }}
66. ^{{Cite web| title = Objects from the Eta Funayama Tumulus| work = Emuseum| publisher = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2010-04-25| year = 2004| url = http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100199/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en&s_lang=en&class=10&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=¢ury=&cptype=&owner=&pos=1&num=2}}
67. ^1 {{Cite web| title = Objects from the Grave of Fumi no Nemaro| work = Emuseum| publisher = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2010-04-25| year = 2004| url = http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100202/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en&s_lang=en&class=10&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=¢ury=&cptype=&owner=&pos=1&num=4}}
68. ^{{Cite web| title = Objects of Tomb of Fumi no Nemaro.| work = Tokyo National Museum| accessdate = 2009-05-14| url = http://www.tnm.go.jp/en/servlet/Con?processId=00&ref=2&Q1=&Q2=&Q3=&Q4=1120%5B56%5D_08_____&Q5=&F1=&F2=&pageId=E15&colid=B2068X}}
69. ^Attached to the nomination is one earthenware, one stone implement and one iron oxide clod.
70. ^{{Cite web |title = National Treasure designation |work = Tōkamachi City Museum |publisher = Tōkamachi city |accessdate = 2009-05-15 |url = http://www.city.tokamachi.niigata.jp/site/museum/museum/treasure.html |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721154233/http://www.city.tokamachi.niigata.jp/site/museum/museum/treasure.html |archivedate = 2011-07-21 |df = }}
71. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:国宝「縄文のビーナス」と重文「仮面の女神」 |trans-title=National Treasure: Jōmon Venus and Important Cultural Property: Masked goddess |publisher = Chino city |accessdate = 2009-05-13 |url = http://www.city.chino.lg.jp/ctg/07050030/07050030.html |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090228051240/http://www.city.chino.lg.jp/ctg/07050030/07050030.html |archivedate = 2009-02-28 |df = }}
72. ^Attached to the nomination are eight items of earthenware.
73. ^{{Cite web |title = Two National Treasures: The Jomon Venus and the Masked Goddess |publisher = Chino city |accessdate = 2015-01-15 |url = http://www.city.chino.lg.jp/www/contents/1369374234881/index_k.html |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://archive.is/20150118151138/http://www.city.chino.lg.jp/www/contents/1369374234881/index_k.html |archivedate = 2015-01-18 |df = }}
74. ^1 {{Cite web |title = Shinto Gods and Buddhist Deities: Syncretic Faith in Japanese Art |work = Nara National Museum |accessdate = 2009-05-14 |year = 2007 |url = http://sips03.narahaku.go.jp/exhib/2007toku/shinbutsu/shinbutsu-2_01_e.htm |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110719232853/http://sips03.narahaku.go.jp/exhib/2007toku/shinbutsu/shinbutsu-2_01_e.htm |archivedate = 2011-07-19 |df = }}
75. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:崇福寺塔心礎納置品 |trans-title=Reliquary set from the Sūfuku-ji temple pagoda |publisher = Otsu City Museum of History |accessdate = 2009-05-14 |url = http://www.rekihaku.otsu.shiga.jp/bunka/data/bz_385.html |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110722124419/http://www.rekihaku.otsu.shiga.jp/bunka/data/bz_385.html |archivedate = 2011-07-22 |df = }}
76. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:崇福寺塔心礎納置品 |trans-title=Reliquary set from the Sūfuku-ji temple pagoda |publisher = Miho Museum |accessdate = 2009-05-14 |year = 2006 |url = http://www.miho.or.jp/booth/html/doccon/00004391.htm |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717095920/http://www.miho.or.jp/booth/html/doccon/00004391.htm |archivedate = 2011-07-17 |df = }}
77. ^{{Cite web |title = Special Exhibition - The Legacy of Fujiwara no Michinaga: Courtly Splendor and Pure Land Faith |publisher = Kyoto National Museum |accessdate = 2009-05-15 |url = http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/tokubetsu/070424/shoukai/04_index_02.htm |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071129040514/http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/tokubetsu/070424/shoukai/04_index_02.htm |archivedate = 2007-11-29 |df = }}
78. ^{{Cite web| title = Kurama-dera| publisher = kokuhoworld| accessdate = 2009-05-15| year = 2002| url = http://www.kokuhoworld.com/bb14.html}}
79. ^Attached to the nomination are one copper box with an inscription from November 1673 and a document related to the excavation.
80. ^{{Cite web| title = Gilt Bronze Memorial Tablet of Ono-no-Emishi | publisher = Kyoto National Museum| accessdate = 2009-05-15| url = http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/syuzou/meihin/kouko/item09.html}}
81. ^{{cite web |title = The birth of Nation as sought by Emperor Tenmu |publisher = Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties |accessdate = 2009-05-15 |url = http://www.nabunken.go.jp/gallery00/3/3_2_3.html |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20091105001613/http://www.nabunken.go.jp/gallery00/3/3_2_3.html |archivedate = 2009-11-05 |df = }}
82. ^1 2 3 {{Harvnb|Kornicki|1998|p=88}}
83. ^1 {{Cite web |title = Special Exhibition - The Legacy of Fujiwara no Michinaga: Courtly Splendor and Pure Land Faith |publisher = Kyoto National Museum |accessdate = 2009-05-15 |year = 2009 |url = http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/tokubetsu/070424/shoukai/02_index.htm |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071130030421/http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/tokubetsu/070424/shoukai/02_index.htm |archivedate = 2007-11-30 |df = }}
84. ^Fragments of the lotus and Samantabhadra sutra on dark blue paper with gilt letters (seven and two pages) and two sutra shafts are attached to the nomination.
85. ^A wooden chest is attached to the nomination.
86. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:金銅石川年足墓誌 |trans-title=Bronze epitaph of Ishikawa no Toshitari |publisher = Takatsuki City |accessdate = 2009-05-15 |url = http://www.city.takatsuki.osaka.jp/rekishi/bunkazai_ishikawa.html |language = Japanese |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080120214234/http://www.city.takatsuki.osaka.jp/rekishi/bunkazai_ishikawa.html |archivedate = 2008-01-20 |df = }}
87. ^1 {{Cite web| title = 中金堂鎮壇具|trans-title=Ritual objects within the foundations of the altar of the Golden Hall| publisher= Kōfuku| accessdate = 2009-05-13| url = http://www.kohfukuji.com/property/cultural/056.html}}
88. ^{{Cite web |publisher = Nara National Museum |title = Exhibition - Shinto art from Nara: Treasures of Tanzan Shrine |accessdate = 2009-05-15 |year = 2004 |url = http://sips03.narahaku.go.jp/exhib/2004toku/tanzan/tanzan-1_e.htm |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://archive.is/20110719232928/http://sips03.narahaku.go.jp/exhib/2004toku/tanzan/tanzan-1_e.htm |archivedate = 2011-07-19 |df = }}
89. ^{{Cite web| title = Museum Collection Room No. 2| publisher = Museum of the Archaeological Institute of Kashihara| accessdate = 2009-05-18| url = http://www.kashikoken.jp/museum/gaikokugo/english/collection2.html}}
90. ^1 {{Cite book| title = Yakushiji-temple| publisher = Yakushi-ji}}
91. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/b/bussokuseki.htm| title = bussokuseki|trans-title=Buddha footprint| publisher = JAANUS – Japanese Architecture and Art Net User System| accessdate = 2009-11-08}}
92. ^1 {{Cite journal| last = Cranston | first = Edwin A.| title = The Yakushiji Poems| journal = Monumenta Nipponica| volume = 31 | issue = 3 | pages = 299–308| publisher = Sophia University| year = 1976| jstor = 2384213}}
93. ^{{Cite web| title = The Land of the Gods, Izumo| publisher = Shimane Museum of Ancient Izumo| accessdate = 2009-05-18| year = 2007| url = http://www.izm.ed.jp/english/index.html}}
94. ^{{Cite web| title = Exhibition: Bronze implement and decorative swords| publisher = Shimane Museum of Ancient Izumo| accessdate = 2009-05-18| year = 2007| url = http://www.izm.ed.jp/english/seidoki.html}}
95. ^{{Harvnb|Shiveley|McCullough|Hall|1993|p=103}}
96. ^Various types of metal fittings are attached to the nomination.
97. ^1 {{Cite web| title = Gold Seal| publisher = Fukuoka City Museum| accessdate = 2009-05-18| url = http://museum.city.fukuoka.jp/english/eb/eb_fr2.html}}
98. ^A document related to the excavation is attached to the nomination.
99. ^{{Cite web| title = Kubote Historical Museum| publisher = Buzen City| accessdate = 2009-05-18| url = http://www.city.buzen.fukuoka.jp/ENGLISH/sight/kuboteshi.htm| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20050114122504/http://www.city.buzen.fukuoka.jp/ENGLISH/sight/kuboteshi.htm| archivedate=2005-01-14}}
100. ^{{Cite web |title=Stroll through Munakata History |publisher=Munakata City |accessdate=2009-05-18 |year=2006 |url=http://www.city.munakata.lg.jp/e-shigai/sumouyo03.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013024006/http://www.city.munakata.lg.jp/e-shigai/sumouyo03.html |archivedate=2008-10-13 |df= }}
101. ^{{Cite book| title = Ise Jingu and Treasures of Shinto| year = 2009| publisher = Tokyo National Museum}}
102. ^Attached to the nomination are earthenware fragments, small glass beads and an iron arrowhead.
103. ^{{Cite web |script-title = ja:福岡県平原方形周溝墓出土品 |trans-title=Artifacts from the Hirabaru square-shaped moated burial precinct |publisher = Itoshima |accessdate = 2009-05-18 |language = Japanese |url = http://www.city.itoshima.lg.jp/site/bunkazai/hirabaru-syutudohin.html |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20111208113009/http://www.city.itoshima.lg.jp/site/bunkazai/hirabaru-syutudohin.html |archivedate = 2011-12-08 |df = }}
104. ^{{Cite journal| volume = 173–174| pages = 207–225| last = Barbara Seyock| title = The Hirabaru Site and Wajinden: Research Notes on the Archaeology of the Kings of Ito| journal = Nachrichten der Gesellschaft fur Natur- und Volkerkunde Ostasiens (NOAG)| year = 2003}}

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}}{{refend}}{{commons category|National Treasures of Japan (archaeological materials)|National Treasure archaeological materials}}{{Lists of National Treasures of Japan}}{{Cultural Properties of Japan}}{{featured list}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of National Treasures Of Japan (Archaeological Materials)}}

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