词条 | List of new churches by John Douglas | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
John Douglas was born in the Cheshire village of Sandiway and was articled to the Lancaster architect E. G. Paley, later becoming his chief assistant. He established an office in Chester in either 1855 or 1860, from where he practised throughout his career.[7] Initially he ran the office himself but in 1884 he appointed his assistant, Daniel Porter Fordham, as a partner. When Fordham retired in 1897, he was succeeded by Charles Howard Minshull. In 1909 this partnership was dissolved and Douglas ran the office alone until his death in 1911.[8] As his office was in Chester, most of his works were in Cheshire and North Wales, although some were further afield, in Lancashire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, and Scotland.[10] From an early stage in his career, Douglas attracted commissions from wealthy and powerful patrons, the first of which came from Hugh Cholmondeley, 2nd Baron Delamere. His most important patrons were the Grosvenor family of Eaton Hall, namely Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Marquess of Westminster, Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster, and Hugh Grosvenor, 2nd Duke of Westminster. Douglas designed a large number and variety of buildings in the family's Eaton Hall estate and the surrounding villages. Other important patrons were William Molyneux, 4th Earl of Sefton, Rowland Egerton-Warburton of Arley Hall, George Cholmondeley, 5th Marquess of Cholmondeley, and Francis Egerton, 3rd Earl of Ellesmere. Later in his career Douglas carried out commissions for W. E. Gladstone and his family, and for W. H.Lever. Most of Douglas' new churches have been recognised as listed buildings. In England and Wales a Grade I listed building is one "of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important", Grade II* consists of "particularly important buildings of more than special interest", and in Grade II are buildings which "are nationally important and of special interest".[9] In Scotland, Category A contains "buildings of national or international importance, either architectural or historic, or fine little-altered examples of some particular period, style or building type", Category B consists of "buildings of regional or more than local importance, or major examples of some particular period, style or building type which may have been altered", and in Category C are "buildings of local importance, lesser examples of any period, style, or building type, as originally constructed or moderately altered; and simple traditional buildings which group well with others in categories A and B".[12] This list includes the 40 new churches designed by Douglas that were built. The details are taken from the Catalogue of Works in the biography by Edward Hubbard.[10] Churches attributed to Douglas by Hubbard on stylistic grounds together with evidence of a local association are included, even though they are not confirmed by other reliable evidence.[11] Where this is the case, it is stated in the Notes column. Unexecuted schemes are not included. Key{{GeoGroupTemplate}}
New churches
See also{{Commons category|John Douglas (architect)}}
ReferencesCitations1. ^{{citation |url=http://www.scottisharchitects.org.uk/architect_full.php?id=200750 |title= John Douglas |accessdate=19 December 2016 |publisher=Dictionary of Scottish Architects }} Sources{{refbegin}}2. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=95.}} 3. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=56–57.}} 4. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=77–80.}} 5. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=84–87.}} 6. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=189–190.}} 7. ^1 Howell, Peter (2004) 'Douglas, John (1830-1911)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press , Retrieved on 22 January 2008. {{ODNBsub}} 8. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=6–7.}} 9. ^1 {{Citation | url = http://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/what-is-designation/listed-buildings/| title = Listed Buildings | accessdate = 29 March 2015| publisher = Historic England}} 10. ^1 {{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=238–279.}} 11. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=238.}} 12. ^1 {{Citation | url =https://www.historicenvironment.scot/advice-and-support/listing-scheduling-and-designations/listed-buildings/what-is-listing/#categories-of-listed-building_tab| title = What is Listing?: Categories of listed building | accessdate = 20 March 2019| publisher = Historic Environment Scotland}} 13. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=27, 238.}} 14. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=680.}} 15. ^{{NHLE |num= 1329818|desc= Church of St John the Evangelist, Winsford|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none}} 16. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=680–681.}} 17. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=43–44, 229.}} 18. ^{{NHLE |num= 1160821|desc= The Congregational Church, Winsford|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 19. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=48, 239, 244, 273.}} 20. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=94–95.}} 21. ^{{NHLE |num= 1135984|desc= Church of St John the Baptist, Aldford|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 22. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=48–50, 239.}} 23. ^1 {{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=420.}} 24. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=62| title = Church of St Bartholomew| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 25. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=55–57, 240.}} 26. ^{{Harvnb|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|p=621.}} 27. ^{{NHLE |num= 1161591|desc= Church of St Ann, Warrington|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 28. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=54–55, 203, 240, 276.}} 29. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=394.}} 30. ^{{NHLE |num= 1253457|desc= Church of St Paul, Helsby|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 31. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=130–131, 244, 255.}} 32. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=390.}} 33. ^{{NHLE |num= 1228363|desc= Church of St John, Hartford|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 34. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=131, 245.}} 35. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=131, 246.}} 36. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=267.}} 37. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=131, 246–247, 262–263, 268, 269, 271–272.}} 38. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=240–241.}} 39. ^{{NHLE |num= 1375936|desc= Christ Church, Chester|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 40. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=131, 247.}} 41. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=489–490.}} 42. ^{{NHLE |num= 1310471|desc= Church of St Stephen, Moulton|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 43. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=247.}} 44. ^{{NHLE |num= 1375935|desc= Former Church of St Barnabas and Curate's House, Chester|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 45. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=134–137, 248.}} 46. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=359–360.}} 47. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=542| title = Church of St Mary, Halkin| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 48. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=126–127, 249.}} 49. ^{{Harvnb|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=179–180.}} 50. ^{{NHLE |num= 1230934|desc= Church of St Michael, Great Altcar|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 51. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=173–174, 249.}} 52. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=392.}} 53. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=388| title = Church Hall, Mold | accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 54. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=114, 249–250.}} 55. ^{{citation |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=57321#s5 |title=Protestant Nonconformity |accessdate=14 March 2008|publisher=British History Online }} 56. ^{{NHLE |num= 1375836|desc= Zion Chapel, Chester|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 57. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=127, 251.}} 58. ^{{NHLE |num= 1038801|desc= Church of St Chad, Wigginton and Hopwas|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 59. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=137, 252.}} 60. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=549.}} 61. ^{{NHLE |num= 1138390|desc= Church of St Mary, Pulford|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 62. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=137–139, 253, 271.}} 63. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=656.}} 64. ^{{NHLE |num= 1347816|desc= Church of St Werburg, Warburton|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 65. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=253.}} 66. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=374–375.}} 67. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=455| title = Former Chapel at Lluesty Hospital| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 68. ^1 {{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=173, 254.}} 69. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=344.}} 70. ^{{Citation|url=http://www.sunnyfield.co.uk/eastham.htm |title=History of Eastham |accessdate=10 June 2009 |publisher=Sunnyfield |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505173143/http://www.sunnyfield.co.uk/eastham.htm |archivedate=5 May 2009 |df= }} 71. ^{{NHLE |num= 1184843|desc= Chapel at Carlett Park Technical College|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 72. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=173–175, 256.}} 73. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=266–267.}} 74. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=17453| title = Christ Church, Rossett| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 75. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=175–176, 257, 264, 276.}} 76. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=135–136.}} 77. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=14657| title = Church of St Paul, Colwyn Bay| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher =Cadw }} 78. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=176–177, 259, 275–276.}} 79. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=662.}} 80. ^{{NHLE |num= 1242750|desc= Church of St Andrew, Hoylake|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 81. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=177–179, 259.}} 82. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=15467| title = Church of St John, Barmouth| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 83. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=181–182, 261.}} 84. ^{{Harvnb|Pollard|Pevsner|2006|pp=195–196.}} 85. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=182–183, 261.}} 86. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=130.}} 87. ^{{NHLE |num= 1130617|desc= Church of St Wenefrede, Bickley|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 88. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=262.}} 89. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=264.}} 90. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=263.}} 91. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=371.}} 92. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=179–180, 186, 267.}} 93. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|pp=113–114.}} 94. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=14722 | title = Christ Church, Bryn-y-Maen| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 95. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=184, 268.}} 96. ^{{NHLE |num= 1257394|desc= Crosby United Reformed Church|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 97. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=183–184, 268.}} 98. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=664–665.}} 99. ^{{Citation | last = Cowan| first = Alex| author-link = |publication-date = | year = 2008| title = St. John the Evangelist Church, Weston, Runcorn| edition = | publication-place = Weston| place =| publisher = Les Littlemore| page = 2| id = | isbn = }} 100. ^{{NHLE |num= 1130422|desc= Parish Church of St John the Evangelist, Runcorn|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 101. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=181–182, 268–269.}} 102. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=3635| title = All Saints Church, Deganwy| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 103. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=270.}} 104. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=60 | title = Church of St Ethelwold| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 105. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=271, 277.}} 106. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=257.}} 107. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=14863 | title = Church of St John, Old Colwyn| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 108. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=273.}} 109. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=135.}} 110. ^{{Citation | url = http://cadwpublic-api.azurewebsites.net/reports/listedbuilding/FullReport?lang=en&id=14708 | title = Church of St David, Colwyn Bay| accessdate = 19 December 2016| publisher = Cadw}} 111. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=194–195, 273, 279.}} 112. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|pp=580–581.}} 113. ^{{NHLE |num= 1287518|desc= Church of St John the Evangelist, Cuddington|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 114. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|p=274.}} 115. ^{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB37558|desc=Ashgrove Terrace, All Saints Episcopal Church|cat=B|mode=cs2|access-date=20 March 2019}} 116. ^{{Harvnb|Hartwell|Hyde|Hubbard|Pevsner|2011|p=406.}} 117. ^{{NHLE |num= 1258515|desc= United Reformed Church, Hoylake|accessdate=29 March 2015|mode=cs2|ps=none|fewer-links=x}} 118. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1991|pp=202, 276.}} 119. ^{{Harvnb|Hubbard|1986|p=443.}}
5 : Gothic Revival architecture in England|John Douglas buildings|Lists of churches in the United Kingdom|Lists of buildings and structures by architect|Cheshire-related lists |
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