Certain abbreviations are current within the profession of optometry. They are used to denote clinical conditions, examination techniques and findings, and various forms of treatment.
Abbreviation | Term | Description (notes) |
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AC | Anterior chamber | fluid-filled space between the iris and the endothelium |
AC 4/4 | Grade 4 anterior chamber angle | open angle between cornea and iris |
AC 3/4 | Grade 3 anterior chamber angle |
AC 2/4 | Grade 2 anterior chamber angle |
AC 1/4 | Grade 1 anterior chamber angle |
AC 0/4 | Grade 0 anterior chamber angle | closed angle between cornea and iris |
AC/A | Accommodative convergence / Accommodation ratio | the portion of the range of convergence that occurs in response to accommodation |
Acc | Accommodation | process of changing optical power to maintain focus as distance changes |
Ad | Advised |
Add | Addition |
AIT | After-image transfer |
ALT | Alternating |
ALT ET | Alternating esotropia |
ALT XT | Alternating exotropia |
ARC | Anomalous retinal correspondence |
A/V | Arteriole–venue ratio |
BIO | Binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy |
BSV | Binocular single vision |
BV | Binocular vision |
BVD | Back vertex distance |
BVP | Back vertex power |
CD | Centration distance |
C/D | Cup–disc ratio |
CF | Count fingers vision – state distance |
c/o or c.o. | Complains of |
CT | Cover test |
c/u | Check up |
CW | Close work |
Δ | Prism dioptre |
D | Dioptres |
DC | Dioptres cylinder |
DNA | Did not attend |
DOB | Date of birth |
DS | Dioptres sphere |
DV | Distance vision |
DVD | Dissociated vertical deviation |
EF | Eccentric fixation |
FB | Foreign body |
FD | Fixation disparity |
FF | Foveal fixation |
FHG | Family history of glaucoma |
FMH | Family medical history |
FOH | Family ocular history |
F/U | Follow up appointment |
GH | General health |
G(M)P | General (medical) practitioner |
HA | Headaches |
HARC | Harmonious abnormal retinal correspondence |
HM | Hand motion vision – state distance |
Hx | History |
IOL | Intra-ocular lens |
IOP | Intra-ocular pressure |
ISNT | Inferior, Superior, Nasal, Temporal | rule used to assess optic disc appearance |
K | Keratometry |
LE | Left eye |
LHyperT or LHT | Left hypertropia |
LHypoT | Left hypotropia |
LO | Lenticular opacity |
L/R FD | L/R fixation disparity |
L/R | L hyperphoria |
Left ET | Left esotropia |
LVA | Low vision aid |
MDU | Mallett distance unit |
MNU | Mallett near unit |
M.Wing | Maddox Wing |
MR | Maddox rod |
NB: NAD | No abnormality detected | (is frequently used but is not recommended) |
NCT | Non-contact tonometer |
ND | Neutral density filter |
NLP | No light perception | No light perception is considered total visual impairment, or total blindness; see Visual_impairment#Classification |
NPC | Near point of convergence or no previous correction |
NRC | Normal retinal correspondence |
NV | Near vision |
NWT | Normal wearing time |
o symptoms | Zero symptoms |
ϕ | Horizontal orthophoria |
θ | Vertical orthophoria |
⊕ | Horizontal and vertical orthophoria |
OC's | Optical centres |
Occ. | Occupation |
OD | oculus dexter (right eye) |
OH | Ocular history |
OMB | Oculo motor balance |
ONH | Optic nerve head |
Oph | Ophthalmoscopy |
OS | oculus sinister (left eye) |
OU | oculus utro (both eyes) |
PD | Pupillary distance |
PERRLA | Pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodation |
PH | Pinhole | see Pinhole occluder |
PHNI | Pinhole No Improvement | see Pinhole occluder |
PHVA | Pinhole Visual Acuity |
PL | Perception of light |
POH / PrOH | Previous ocular history |
PPA | Peri-papillary atrophy |
Pt | Patient |
RAPD | Relative afferent pupillary defect |
RE | Right eye |
Ret. | Retinoscopy |
RHyperT | Right hypertropia |
RHypoT or RHT | Right hypotropia |
RNFL | Retinal nerve fibre layer |
RPE | Retinal pigment epithelium |
RSOT | Right esotropia |
Rx | Prescription |
SE | Spherical Equivalent |
SLE | Slit lamp examination |
SLM | Slit lamp microscope |
EP | Esophoria |
ET | Esotropia |
Supp. | Suppression |
V | Vision (unaided) |
VA | Visual acuity |
VA OS | Left visual acuity |
VA OD | Right visual acuity |
VDU | Visual display unit |
VF | Visual field |
VPS | Variable prism stereoscope |
WD | Working distance |
X/12 | X months |
X/52 | X weeks |
X/7 | X days |
XP | Exophoria |
XT | Exotropia |
Abbreviation | Term | Description (notes) | AMD/ARMD | Age-related macular degeneration |
ACG/CAG | Angle closure glaucoma |
BDR | Background diabetic retinopathy |
BP | Blood pressure |
BRAO | Branch retinal artery occlusion |
BRVO | Branch retinal vein occlusion |
Cat | Cataract |
CLAPC/CLIPC | Contact lens associated/induced papillary conjunctivitis |
CLARE | Contact lens associated red eye |
CLPU | Contact lens associated peripheral ulcer |
CNS | Central nervous system |
CNV | Choroidal neovascularization |
CRAO | Central retinal artery occlusion |
CRVO | Central retinal vein occlusion |
CSR | Central serous retinopathy |
CVA | Cerebrovascular accident |
Dx | Diagnosis |
dDx | Differential diagnosis |
DR | Diabetic retinopathy |
ESR | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
Fx | Family history |
GPC | Giant papillary conjunctivitis |
Hx | Hospital |
HES | Hospital eye service |
IDDM | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus |
IRMA | Intra-retinal microvascular abnormality |
KCS | Keratoconjunctivitis sicca |
KP | Keratic precipitates |
LASEK | Laser epithelial keratomileusis |
LASIK | Laser in-situ keratomileusis |
LTG | Low-tension glaucoma |
MI | Myocardial infarction |
MS | Multiple sclerosis |
NIDDM | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus |
NRR | Neuro-retinal rim |
NS | Nuclear sclerosis |
NTG | Normal tension glaucoma |
PDR | Proliferative diabetic retinopathy |
PDT | Photodynamic therapy |
PK | Penetrating keratoplasy |
POAG | Primary open-angle glaucoma |
PPDR | Preproliferative diabetic retinopathy |
PRA | Pan-retinal ablation |
PRK | Photorefractive keratectomy |
PRP | Pan-retinal photocoagulation |
PSCC | Posterior sub-capsular cataract |
PVD | Posterior vitreous detachment |
RD | Retinal detachment |
RK | Radial keratotomy |
RP | Retinitis pigmentosa |
SEAL | Superior epithelial arcuate lesion |
SLK | Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis |
SPK | Superficial punctate keratitis |
SPEE | Superficial punctate epithelial erosions |
Sx | Symptoms |
TIA | Transient ischaemic attack |
T1 diab | Type 1 diabetes |
T2 diab | Type 2 diabetes |
Tx | Treatment |
Vx | Vomiting |
Abbreviation | Term | Description (notes) |
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BC | Base curve |
BOZD | Back optic zone diameter |
BOZR | Back optic zone radius |
BVP | Back vertex power |
CLAPC/CLIPC | Contact-lens-associated/induced papillary conjunctivitis |
CLARE | Contact-lens-associated red eye |
CLPU | Contact-lens-associated peripheral ulcer |
Dk | Unit of permeability |
DW | Daily wear |
EW | Extended wear |
FOZD | Front optic zone diameter |
FVP | Front vertex power |
HEMA | Hydroxyethyl methacrylate |
HT | Handling tint |
HVID | Horizontal visible iris diameter |
K | Keratometry |
MWT | Maximum wearing time |
OS/OD | Overall size/overall diameter |
OZD | Optic zone diameter |
PMMA | Polymethyl methacrylate |
RGP | Rigid-gas-permeable |
SCL | Soft contact lens |
SiH | Silicone hydrogel |
SEAL | Superior epithelial arcuate lesion |
SLK | Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis |
SPK | Superficial punctate keratitis |
SPEE | Superficial punctate epithelial erosions |
TBUT | Tear break-up time |
Tc | Centre thickness |
TD | Total diameter |
Te | Edge thickness |
TWT/WTT | Today wearing time |
VPA | Vertical palpebral aperture |
WT | Wearing time |