“List of ships of the Spanish Armada”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The armada that attempted to escort an army from Flanders and integrate the Habsburg Spanish invasion of England in 1588, was divided into ten "squadrons" (escuadras)^[1] The twenty galleons in the Squadrons of Portugal and of Castile, together with the four galleasses from Naples, constituted the only purpose-built warships (apart from the four galleys, which proved ineffective in the Atlantic waters and soon departed for safety in French ports); the rest of the Armada comprised armed merchantmen (mostly carracks) and various ancillary vessels including urcas (storeships, termed "hulks"), zabras and pataches, pinnaces, and (not included in the formal count) caravels. The division into squadrons was for administrative purposes only; upon sailing, the Armada could not keep to a formal order, and most ships sailed independently from the rest of their squadron.
This list is compiled by a survey drawn up by Medina Sidonia on the Armada's departure from Lisbon on 9 May 1588 and sent to Felipe II; it was then published and quickly became available to the English. The numbers of sailors and soldiers mentioned below are as given in the same survey and thus also relate to this date.

List of Squadron Commanders

Ships of the Squadrons

Squadron of Portugal

Squadron of Castile

Squadron of Galleasses of Naples

Squadron of Viscaya (Biscay)

Squadron of Andalusia

Squadron of Guipúzcoa

Squadron of Levantines

Ten Mediterranean merchant-ships embargoed in Sicily and in Lisbon (total seamen 767; total soldiers 2,780);

Squadron of Urcas

Squadron of Communication

Twenty two Pataches and Zabras (5 to 10 guns) under Don Antonio Hurtado de Mendoza (total seamen 574; total soldiers 479);

Squadron of Galleys of Portugal

Four ships under Diego de Medrano (total seamen 362; total rowers 888; no soldiers);

Miscellaneous Caravels ("Round" caravels and Lateen caravels)

Complement of the Fleet

Ship Types

Galleon

Galley

Galleass

Urca

Zabra

Patache

Pinaza

Caravel

Square-rigged caravel (Round caravel)

Summary of Armada Make Up

See also

References

1. ^Journal of Kerry Archaeological and Historical Society. No 23 (1990) "The Surrender of an Armada Vessel near Tralee" by Brendan G. McCarthy
2. ^A galleon of c.1,000 tons, built in Portugal during the late 1570s, and carrying 161 sailors and 317 soldiers.
3. ^A galleon of 1,050 tons, built in "Cantabria" (actually in Santander) for the Portuguese Navy during 1586, and carrying 156 sailors and 387 soldiers.
4. ^A galleon of 790 tons, built in "Cantabria" (actually in Santander) for the Portuguese Navy during 1585, and carrying 108 sailors and 274 soldiers.
5. ^A galleon of 800 tons, built in "Cantabria" (actually in Santander) for the Portuguese Navy during 1583, and carrying 108 sailors and 362 soldiers.
6. ^A galleon of 830 tons, built in "Cantabria" (actually in Santander) for the Portuguese Navy during 1585, and carrying 100 sailors and 339 soldiers.
7. ^A galleon of 750 tons, built in Portugal during the late 1570s, and carrying 110 sailors and 286 soldiers.
8. ^A galleon of 520 tons, built in "Cantabria" (actually in Santander)a for the Portuguese Navy during 1585, and carrying 80 sailors and 293 soldiers.
9. ^A galleon of 961 tons, built in Florence for the Tuscan Navy during the 1570s (the only galleon in the Tuscan Navy), and carrying 89 sailors and 194 soldiers.
10. ^A galleon of 352 tons, built in Portugal during the late 1570s, and carrying 79 sailors and 125 soldiers.
11. ^A galleon of 352 tons, built in "Cantabria" (actually in Santander) for the Portuguese Navy during 1586, and carrying 65 sailors and 170 soldiers.
12. ^A zabra of 166 tons, built in Cantabria during 1585, and carrying 43 sailors and 49 soldiers.
13. ^A zabra of 166 tons, built in Cantabria during 1585, and carrying 48 sailors and 39 soldiers.
14. ^A galleon of 700 tons, built in Santander during 1583, and carrying 116 sailors and 202 soldiers.
15. ^A galleon of 750 tons, built in Santander during 1585, and carrying 90 sailors and 244 soldiers.
16. ^A galleon of 530 tons, built in Santander during 1584, and carrying 80 sailors and 184 soldiers.
17. ^A galleon of 530 tons, built in Santander during 1584, and carrying 77 sailors and 231 soldiers.
18. ^A galleon of 530 tons, built in Santander during 1584, and carrying 103 sailors and 190 soldiers.
19. ^A galleon of 530 tons, built in Santander during 1584, and carrying 75 sailors and 204 soldiers.
20. ^A galleon of 530 tons, built in Santander during 1584, and carrying 70 sailors and 170 soldiers.
21. ^A galleon of 530 tons, built in Santander during 1584, and carrying 81 sailors and 202 soldiers.
22. ^A galleon of 530 tons, built in Santander during 1584, and carrying 75 sailors and 200 soldiers.
23. ^A small galleon of 250 tons, built in France about 1581, and carrying 54 sailors and 98 soldiers.
24. ^An armed merchantman of 750 tons, probably built in "Cantabria" about 1585, and carrying 81 sailors and 202 soldiers.
25. ^An armed merchantman of 872 tons, probably built in "Cantabria" about 1586, and carrying 79 sailors and 173 soldiers.
26. ^An armed merchantman of 882 tons, probably built in "Cantabria" about 1586, and carrying 134 sailors and 193 soldiers.
27. ^An armed merchantman of 650 tons, probably built in "Cantabria" about 1586, and carrying 57 sailors and 183 soldiers.
28. ^A patache of 75 tons, built in "Cantabria" about 1586, and carrying 15 sailors and 20 soldiers.
29. ^Discovering Kerry by T.J. Barrington. Backwater Press, 1976. {{ISBN|0-905471-00-8}}
30. ^A patache of 75 tons, built in "Cantabria" about 1586, and carrying 20 sailors and 20 soldiers.
31. ^¹²Irlanda halla los restos de uno de los navíos de la Armada Invencible, El País.
32. ^ Resumen del Historial de los navíos portugueses que participaron en la jornada de Inglaterra en 1588, José I. González-Aller Hierro Contra Almirante (r) - Instituto de Historia e Cultura naval - Armada Española (2012)
33. ^The Spanish Armada, BritishBattles.com
34. ^Complete List of Sailing Vessels
35. ^Galleon, Mirriam-Webster on-line Dictionary
36. ^Galley, Mirriam-Webster on-line Dictionary
37. ^Galleass, Mirriam-Webster on-line Dictionary
38. ^The Spanish Armada by R. Whiting