词条 | List of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy |
释义 |
The following is a list of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy. Goudy was one of America's most prolific designers of metal type. He worked under the influence of the Arts and Crafts movement, and many of his designs are old-style serif designs inspired by the relatively organic structure of typefaces created between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries, following the lead of earlier revivalist printers such as William Morris.[1] Eric Sloane, who was his neighbour as a boy, recalled that he also took inspiration from hand-painted signs.[2] He also developed a number of typefaces influenced by blackletter medieval manuscripts, illuminated manuscript capitals and Roman square capitals carved into stone.[3] This means that several of his most famous designs such as Copperplate Gothic and Goudy Stout are unusual deviations from his normal style.[4] Goudy's taste matched a trend of the period, in which a preference for using mechanical, geometric Didone fonts introduced in the eighteenth and nineteenth century was being displaced by a revival of interest in the 'old-style' serif fonts (preferred by Goudy) developed before this, a change that has proved to be lasting, especially in book body text.[5][6][7][8] Again unusually for type designers of the period, Goudy wrote extensively on his work and ambitions, partly in order to publicise his work as an independent artisan. He completed A Half-Century of Type Design and Typography, a two-volume survey of all his designs, late in life, in which he discussed all of his work.[9][10] Not all Goudy's designs survive or have been digitised: several, often designs never cut into metal, were lost in a fire which burned down his studio in 1938. Indeed, in his autobiography Goudy sometimes said he had little memory of some of his earlier designs. He worked extensively with his wife Bertha, who particularly collaborated with him on printing projects. He listed his typefaces with numbers in a similar way to the opus numbers used by composers. CareerUnlike most type designers of the metal type era, Goudy worked as an independent designer not permanently employed by any one company, giving him particular latitude to work on his own projects. He generally avoided sans-serif designs, though he did create the nearly sans-serif Copperplate Gothic, inspired by engraved letters, early in his career and a few others later. As an independent artist and consultant, Goudy needed to undertake a large range of commissions to survive, and sought patronage from companies (and, especially later in life, universities) who would commission a typeface for their own printing and advertising.[12] This led to him producing a large range of designs on commission, and promoting his career through talks and teaching.[1][13] As a result, many of his designs may look somewhat similar to modern readers. Goudy's career took place at a time of progress in printing technology. New pantograph engraving technology made it easier to rapidly engrave matrices), the moulds in which metal type would be cast or the punches used to stamp them in copper.[14] This gave much cleaner results than pre-pantograph punches, which had to be carefully hand-carved at the size of the desired letter, with less difficulty and the ability to prepare designs more easily from large plan drawings.[15] During the early years of Goudy's career, hand typesetting was being superseded, especially for body text composition, by hot metal typesetting, and his client Monotype was one of the most popular manufacturers of these systems, in competition with that of Linotype. Both allowed metal type to be quickly cast under the control of a keyboard, eliminating the need to manually cast metal type and slot it into place into a printing press. With no need to keep type in stock, just the matrices used as moulds to cast the type, printers could use a wider range of fonts and there was increasing demand for varied typefaces. However, many of Goudy’s designs were used in hand-setting also. While most of Goudy's designs are 'old-style' serif faces, they do still explore a wide range of aspects of the genre, with Deepdene offering a strikingly upright italic, Goudy Modern merging traditional old-style letters with the insistent, horizontal serifs of Didone faces of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and several such as Goudy Old Style being sold with a swash italic for display use.[16][17] His sans-serif series, Goudy Sans, adopts an eccentric humanist style with a calligraphic italic.[18][19] Quite unlike most sans-serif types of the period, it was unpopular in his lifetime but has been revived several times since by both LTC and ITC.[20][21][22] Goudy started his career as a full-time type designer later in life, creating his first font in his early thirties.[23] In his earlier career he had worked first as a bookkeeper, and then as a printer and lettering artist.[24] Critical assessmentThe printer Daniel Berkeley Updike, while respecting some of his work, echoed Goudy's student Dwiggins' comment that his work lacked 'a certain snap and acidity'.[25][26][27]{{efn|Dwiggins was referring to Goudy Old Style in particular: "Goudy Old Style may be said to be one hundred per cent good in the design of individual letters. When composed in a body, the characters, individually graceful, set up a whirling sensation that detracts somewhat from legibility. That is to say, the curves are perhaps too soft and round, and they lack a certain snap and acidity. The color of the face is excellent. The capitals, when used alone, compose into a strong and dignified line."}} He also wrote that Goudy had "never gotten over" a desire to imitate medieval books.[28] The British printer Stanley Morison, also a veteran of fine book printing whose career at Monotype had moved in the direction of blending tradition with practicality, admired much of Goudy's work and ethos but wrote that Goudy had "designed a whole century of very peculiar looking types", and that he was glad that his company's Times New Roman did not look "as if it has been designed by somebody in particular — Mr. Goudy for instance."[29] Goudy felt in his later life that his career had been overshadowed by new trends, with modernism and a trend towards sans-serifs and sharp geometric type leaving his work out of favor.[30] Walter Tracy, a leading historian of type design, devoted a section of his book Letters of Credit to a critical assessment of Goudy's work. He was impressed by Goudy Old Style, the blackletter Goudy Text, Goudy Heavy and to a certain extent Deepdene, but felt that Goudy was over-fond of eccentric detailing, such as a "restless" tilted 'e' common in early printing, and felt that Goudy's prolific work had prevented him from critically assessing his work. He noted as an example how his "Bertham" type, named in memory of his late wife ("Bertha M."),[31] was drawn and engraved in sixteen working days: "there cannot have been much time for the objective scrutiny which every design should undergo before it is allowed to emerge from the workshop." Goudy gave his blackletter designs the adjective text, short for 'textura'. This designation was common in Goudy's time; it is now avoided due to confusion with fonts intended for body text. Typefaces designed by Goudy{{selfref-inline|In the following list, italics are listed where Goudy created them, and in some cases other complementary designs completed in a family by designers other than Goudy. Links are given to digitisations, though it should be noted that many revivals may add complementary italics and/or bold weights, even if Goudy never designed one. As many early digitisations were relicensed, several of these may represent the same digitisation marketed by different rights-holders, possibly upgraded with modern features such as contextual ligature substitution and small caps.}}1896 to 1904
1911 to 1926From 1911 to 1926 (with a few exceptions) Goudy's designs were cut by Robert Wiebking. Some were private commissions, others were cut first and then offered for sale. Kennerley series{{main|Kennerley Old Style}}The Kennerley Series, named for New York publisher Mitchell Kennerley, was Goudy's first major success in his own style.[41]
1915 to 1926: Cut by ATFIn 1915 and 1916, Goudy was on retainer for American Type Founders and all of his matrices were cut in house by ATF.Goudy Old Style{{main|Goudy Old Style}}Described as 'an instant best-seller' by Lawson in Anatomy of a Typeface, Goudy Old Style (1915) has remained popular since its creation for ATF as a body text and display face.[54] Goudy described the design as influenced by capitals on a painting, but later said he was unable to find which, although he thought it was by Hans Holbein (Goudy did not say which). The dots (tittles) on the 'i' and 'j' are diamond-pattern, and the descenders were kept short at ATF's insistence to allow tight line setting on their common line system.[55] Many revivals have been released.[56][60] Goudy later also designed an italic, and A.T.F. a bold weight and a medium, named 'Goudy Catalogue'. Goudy Old Style became particularly commonly used for display and advertising use. Indeed, in 1937, the printing textbook 26 Lead Soldiers described the bold as 'better known' than the regular.
Goudy Open and Goudy Modern
Garamont{{main|Garamond}}One of Goudy's most popular typefaces in his lifetime, Garamont (1921, Lanston Monotype + 1927, Continental) was loosely based on metal types in the Imprimerie nationale, the French government printing-office, that were at the time thought to be the work of Claude Garamont. Research by Beatrice Warde, published in 1926, revealed that actually these designs were the work of Jean Jannon, working more than fifty years after Garamond's death.[67][68] An elegant sample created by Bruce Rogers was shown in a spring 1923 issue of Monotype's magazine.[69] Garamont features a large range of swash characters. Mosley has described it as "a lively type, underappreciated I think."[70] LTC's digitisation deliberately maintained its eccentricity and irregularity true to period printing, something Goudy had insisted on in his original design, avoiding perfect verticals.[71]
1926 to 1929From 1926 until his death, Goudy cut all of his own faces (at least in the pilot sizes).[79] From 1927-1929, Goudy cast type at his own Village Letter Foundry and marketed them through the Continental Type Founders Association. After 1929 he ceased casting his own fonts and they were cast for Continental by the New England Type Foundry.[80]
Deepdene series{{main|Deepdene (typeface)}}A crisp design inspired by a typeface designed in the Netherlands, which Goudy's Paul Bennett wrote was Jan van Krimpen's Lutetia.[84] One of Goudy's more popular designs, with several digital revivals, although as of 2016 only LTC's includes the swash capitals and small caps of Goudy's original design conception.[85][86] Named after Goudy's home in Marlborough.
1930 to 1934
1935 to 1938
University of California Old Style{{main|University of California Old Style}}Goudy's 'California' font (1938, Continental) was cut for the University of California Press. It is a 'Venetian' typeface, loosely inspired by the work of Nicolas Jenson. One of Goudy's most popular designs, several releases exist. After the original type was commissioned for private use, 'California' was released publicly by different companies, first in 1958, by Lanston Monotype as 'Californian' and then famously under the name of 'Berkeley Old Style' by ITC. In digital versions, 'California' was released by ITC under its pre-existing brand, as 'Californian' by LTC and Font Bureau (in different digitisations) and by Richard Beatty under the name of 'University Old Style'.[108][109][110][111] Late designs, 1938 to 1945
"Goudy" faces designed by others
Goudy also cut the matrices for Foster Abstract, an ultra-bold Art Deco block letter designed by his friend Robert Foster. 1931, Continental with matrices cut by Goudy and cast privately.[122] Goudy personally felt that the design 'violated every canon of type design'. Considering digital revivals of Goudy's non-character typefaces, P22 has also published an anthology of Goudy's ornament designs, released along with their collection of Goudy's ampersands; Parachute Fonts has also released adaptations of Goudy's initials for Greek and Cyrillic.[81][123][124] References{{selfref-inline|In this list, the named publisher describes the company that has digitised the font. The listed website (where given) is a different website/company that offers it on sale at the time of writing if the digitiser does not offer online sale. For example, 'Goudy Light' has been digitised by Red Rooster Fonts, a company who at time of writing sell it through the website MyFonts.}}1. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Shaw|first1=Paul|title=An appreciation of Frederic W. Goudy as a type designer|url=http://www.paulshawletterdesign.com/2014/03/an-appreciation-of-frederic-w-goudy-as-a-type-designer/|accessdate=12 July 2015}} {{notelist|30em}}2. ^{{cite book|last1=Sloane|first1=Eric|title=Return to Taos : Eric Sloane's sketchbook of roadside Americana|date=2006|publisher=Dover Publications|location=Mineola, NY|isbn=9780486447735|page=8}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Cameron|first1=Alex|title=Type Tuesday: Scholarly and beautiful, a 1918 book by typographer Frederic W. Goudy|url=http://www.eyemagazine.com/blog/post/type-tuesday17|website=Eye Magazine|accessdate=5 February 2016}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Rimmer|first1=Jim|title=Poster Paint|url=http://www.fontspring.com/fonts/canada-type/poster-paint|website=Fontspring|publisher=Canada Type}} 5. ^Lawson, A. (1990). Anatomy of a typeface. Boston: Godine, p.200. 6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Ovink|first1=G.W.|title=Nineteenth-century reactions against the didone type model - I|journal=Quaerendo|date=1971|volume=1|issue=2|pages=18–31|url=http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/157006971x00301|accessdate=20 February 2016}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Ovink|first1=G.W.|title=Nineteenth-century reactions against the didone type model - II|journal=Quaerendo|date=1971|volume=1|issue=4|pages=282–301|url=http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/157006971x00239|accessdate=20 February 2016}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Mosley|first1=James|author-link=James Mosley|chapter=Reviving the Classics: Matthew Carter and the Interpretation of Historical Models|editor1-last=Mosley|editor1-first=James|editor2-last=Re|editor2-first=Margaret|editor3-last=Drucker|editor3-first=Johanna|editor4-last=Carter|editor4-first=Matthew|title=Typographically Speaking: The Art of Matthew Carter|date=2003|publisher=Princeton Architectural Press|isbn=9781568984278|pages=31–34|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WqXd_w4S4SsC&pg=PA31|accessdate=30 January 2016}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Goudy|first1=Frederic|title=A Half-Century of Type Design and Typography: 1895-1945, Volume 1|date=1946|publisher=The Typophiles|location=New York|url=https://archive.org/details/GoudyHalfCentury1946V1|accessdate=26 February 2016}} 10. ^{{cite book|last1=Goudy|first1=Frederic|title=A Half-Century of Type Design and Typography: 1895-1945, Volume 1|date=1946|publisher=The Typophiles|location=New York|url=https://archive.org/details/GoudyHalfCentury1946V2|accessdate=26 February 2016}} 11. ^{{cite book|last1=Goudy|first1=Frederic|title=Elements of Lettering|date=1922|publisher=Mitchell Kennerley|location=New York|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924020596064|accessdate=26 February 2016}} 12. ^{{cite web|last1=Carter|first1=Matthew|title=Goudy, the good ol’ boy (Bruckner biography review)|url=http://www.eyemagazine.com/review/article/goudy-the-good-ol-boy|website=Eye Magazine|accessdate=5 February 2016}} 13. ^{{cite web|last1=Updike|first1=John|author-link=John Updike|title=A Bull in the Typography Shop: a review of Frederic Goudy by D. J. R. Bruckner|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/16/books/a-bull-in-the-typography-shop.html|website=New York Times|accessdate=5 February 2016}} 14. ^{{cite journal|title=Monotype matrices and moulds in the making|journal=Monotype Recorder|date=1956|volume=40|issue=3|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_40_3.pdf|}} 15. ^{{cite web|last1=Morison|first1=Stanley|author-link=Stanley Morison|title=Printing the Times|url=http://www.eyemagazine.com/feature/article/stanley-morison-changing-the-times|website=Eye|accessdate=28 July 2015}} 16. ^1 {{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Modern|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-modern/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 17. ^1 {{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Old Style Cursive|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-oldstyle/cursive/glyphs.html|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web|last=Majoor|first=Martin|url=http://www.martinmajoor.com/6_my_philosophy.html|title=My Type Design Philosophy|publisher=}} 19. ^1 {{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Sans|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-sans/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 20. ^1 {{cite web|title=Goudy Sans FS|url=http://www.fontspring.com/fonts/fontsite/goudy-sans-fs|publisher=Fontsite|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 21. ^1 {{cite web|title=ITC Goudy Sans|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/itc/goudy-sans/|publisher=ITC|website=MyFonts|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 22. ^1 {{cite web|title=Adobe ITC Goudy Sans|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/adobe/itc-goudy-sans/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Adobe|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://blog.modernmechanix.com/2006/09/01/type-by-goudy/|title=TYPE BY GOUDY - Modern Mechanix|work=Modern Mechanix}} 24. ^{{cite book|last1=Carter|first1=Sebastian|title=Twentieth century type designers|date=2002|publisher=Lund Humphries|location=Aldershot|isbn=9780853318514|page=45|edition=New}} 25. ^{{cite book|last1=Updike|first1=Daniel Berkeley|title=Printing types : their history, forms, and use; a study in survivals vol 2|date=1922|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=Cambridge, MA|page=243|edition=1st|url=https://archive.org/stream/printingtypesth00updigoog/printingtypesth00updigoog_djvu.txt|accessdate=17 August 2015}} 26. ^{{cite book|last1=Frazier|first1=J.L.|title=Type Lore|date=1925|location=Chicago|page=103|url=https://archive.org/details/typelorepopularf00fraz|accessdate=24 August 2015}} 27. ^{{cite book|author=Leslie Cabarga|title=Logo, Font & Lettering Bible|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=469vTMYFOUMC&pg=PA108|date=15 February 2004|publisher=Adams Media|isbn=1-58180-436-9|pages=108–9}} 28. ^{{cite book|author=Megan Benton|title=Beauty and the Book: Fine Editions and Cultural Distinction in America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WbpOcowMfCIC&pg=PA99|date=January 2000|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-08213-5|pages=99–}} 29. ^{{cite book|author=Simon Loxley|title=Type: The Secret History of Letters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9AfP2prmEDUC&pg=PA134|date=12 June 2006|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-84511-028-4|pages=134–}} 30. ^{{cite book|last=Loxley|first=Simon|title=Type: The Secret History of Letters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_wn4AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA93|date=31 March 2006|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0-85773-017-6|pages=93–102}} 31. ^{{Cite book|url=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/504760211|title=Bertha M. Goudy. Recollections by one who knew her best (Frederic W. Goudy).|last=Goudy|first=Frederic W|last2=|first2=|date=1939-01-01|publisher=Village Press|year=|isbn=|location=Marlboro, N.Y.|pages=6|language=English}} 32. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Camelot|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-camelot/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 33. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Pabst Oldstyle|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-pabst-oldstyle/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 34. ^1 {{cite web|title=LTC Powell|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-powell/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 35. ^Lawson, Alexander, Anatomy of a Typeface. Boston: David R. Godine, Publisher, 1990. {{ISBN|0-87923-332-X}}. p. 112. 36. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Village No 2|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-village-no-2/|website=MyFonts|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 37. ^{{cite web|title=Village - Font Bureau|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/fontbureau/village/|website=MyFonts|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 38. ^{{cite book|last1=Frazier|first1=J.L.|title=Type Lore|date=1925|location=Chicago|page=20|url=https://archive.org/details/typelorepopularf00fraz|accessdate=24 August 2015}} 39. ^{{cite web|title=Globe Gothic|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-globe-gothic/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 40. ^{{cite web|last1=Usherwood & Jackaman|title=Goudy 38|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/redrooster/goudy-38-rr/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Red Rooster Fonts|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 41. ^{{cite web|last1=Gross|first1=John|title=The Fortunes of Mitchell Kennerley, Bookman (book review)|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/21/books/books-of-the-times-444086.html|website=New York Times|accessdate=5 February 2016}} 42. ^{{cite book|author=Frederic William Goudy|title=Typologia: Studies in Type Design & Type Making, with Comments on the Invention of Typography, the First Types, Legibility, and Fine Printing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5Js_NPRflwC&pg=PA48|year=1940|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-03308-5|pages=48–9}} 43. ^{{cite book|author=Lewis Blackwell|title=20th-century Type|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WNUJ0dKGxmsC&pg=PA191|year=2004|publisher=Laurence King Publishing|isbn=978-1-85669-351-6|page=191}} 44. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Kennerley|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-kennerley/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 45. ^{{cite web|last1=Schwartz|first1=Barry|title=Goudy Bookletter 1911 (open-source revival, no italic)|url=https://www.theleagueofmoveabletype.com/goudy-bookletter-1911|website=League of Movable Type|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 46. ^{{cite web|last1= Nolan|first1=John|last2= Steffmann|first2=Dieter|title=Goudy Twenty|url=http://www.1001fonts.com/goudytwenty-font.html|website=1001 Fonts|publisher=Typographer Mediengestaltung|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 47. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Forum Title|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-forum-title/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 48. ^{{cite web|last1=Rickner|first1=Tom|title=Goudy Forum Pro|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/ascender/goudy-forum-pro/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Ascender|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 49. ^{{cite web|last1=Bixler|first1=M&W|title=Poliphilus|url=http://www.mwbixler.com/spec_htm/spbk_polibl.html|publisher=Michael & Winifred Bixler}} 50. ^{{cite web|title=Poliphilus specimen|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/folengo/3270729890|website=Flickr|accessdate=9 December 2015}} 51. ^{{cite journal|title=The Type Faces used in this Journal|journal=Monotype Recorder|date=1929|volume=28|issue=232|pages=4, 25|url=http://www.metaltype.co.uk/downloads/mr/mr_28_232.pdf|accessdate=11 January 2016}} 52. ^{{Cite web|url=https://brand.syracuse.edu/identity/typography/|title=Typography {{!}} Brand Guidelines|website=brand.syracuse.edu|language=en-US|access-date=2017-02-10}} 53. ^{{Cite news|url=https://news.syr.edu/2017/01/hidden-treasure-in-special-collections-embodies-syracuse-university-spirit/|title=Hidden Treasure in Special Collections Embodies Syracuse University Spirit|newspaper=SU News|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-31}} 54. ^{{cite book|author=Alexander S. Lawson|title=Anatomy of a Typeface|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FiJ87ixLs0sC&pg=PA110|date=January 1990|publisher=David R. Godine Publisher|isbn=978-0-87923-333-4|pages=110–119}} 55. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Shaw|first1=Paul|title=Flawed Typefaces|url=http://www.printmag.com/featured/flawed-typefaces/|website=Print magazine|accessdate=30 June 2015}} 56. ^{{cite web|last1=Schwartz|first1=Barry|title=Sorts Mill Goudy|url=https://www.theleagueofmoveabletype.com/sorts-mill-goudy|website=League of Movable Type|accessdate=2 July 2015}} 57. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Oldstyle|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-oldstyle/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype|accessdate=2 July 2015}} 58. ^{{cite web|last1=Curtis|first1=Nick|title=National Old Style NF|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/nicksfonts/national-oldstyle-nf/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Nick's Fonts|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 59. ^{{cite web|last1=Steffmann|first1=Dieter|title=Goudy Initialen|url=http://www.1001fonts.com/goudy-initialen-font.html|website=1001 Fonts|publisher=Typographer Mediengestaltung|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 60. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Initials (more complex Cloister Initials digitisation with negative/positive elements)|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-initials/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 61. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Open|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-open/|publisher=LTC|website=Myfonts|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 62. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Modern (with review of digitisations)|url=http://fontsinuse.com/uses/30/moby-dick-the-arion-press-edition|website=Fonts In Use|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 63. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Modern MT|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/adobe/monotype-goudy-modern/|publisher=Adobe/Monotype|website=MyFonts|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 64. ^{{cite web|last1=Sherman|first1=Nick|title=Moby Dick, the Arion Press edition|url=http://fontsinuse.com/uses/30/moby-dick-the-arion-press-edition|website=Fonts In Use|accessdate=28 February 2016}} 65. ^Grossman, C: "Andrew Hoyem of Arion Press: Champion of Literary Artistry", Biblio, September 1997. 66. ^http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/06/18/MNGAOJENV01.DTL&hw=arion+press&sn=003&sc=660 67. ^{{cite journal|last1=Warde|first1=Beatrice|author-link=Beatrice Warde|title=The 'Garamond' Types|journal=The Fleuron|date=1926|pages=131–179|url=http://www.garamond.culture.fr/en/page/the_article_by_beatrice_warde}} 68. ^{{cite book|author1=Allen Kent|author2=Harold Lancour|author3=Jay E. Daily|title=Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 9 - Fore-Edge Painting to Germany: Libraries and Information Centers in: Training of Documentalists and Information Officers at the Nonuniversity Level in the Federal Republic of Germany|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rXZnDZ2jHcwC&pg=PA196|date=1 July 1973|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-8247-2109-1|pages=196–199}} 69. ^{{cite journal|last1=Rogers|first1=Bruce|author-link=Bruce Rogers (typographer)|title=Printer's Note|journal=Monotype: A Journal of Composing Room Efficiency|date=January 1923|page=23|url=https://archive.org/details/MonotypeJournalVol09No06JanFeb1923|quote=This issue of Monotype is set in a trial font of a new version of Garamond's design ... the type ornaments, modelled on 16th century ones, will also be available.}} 70. ^{{cite web|last1=Mosley |first1=James |author-link=James Mosley |title=Comments on Typophile thread |url=http://typophile.com/node/37259 |publisher=Typophile |accessdate=11 December 2015 |deadurl=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202154618/http://typophile.com/node/37259 |archivedate=February 2, 2015 }} 71. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Garamont|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-garamont/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=3 December 2015}} 72. ^{{cite book|author=Megan Benton|title=Beauty and the Book: Fine Editions and Cultural Distinction in America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WbpOcowMfCIC&pg=PA131|date=January 2000|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-08213-5|pages=131–133}} 73. ^{{cite web|last1=Hunt & Grieshaber|title=LTC Italian Old Style|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-italian-old-style/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 74. ^{{cite web|last1=Beatty|first1=Richard|title=Italian Old Style (Beatty)|url=https://www.fontshop.com/families/goudy-italian-old-style?affId=98220|website=Fontshop|accessdate=4 November 2015}} 75. ^{{cite book|last1=Slinn|first1=Judy|last2=Carter|first2=Sebastian|last3=Southall|first3=Richard|title=History of the Monotype Corporation|page=196}} 76. ^{{cite web|title=Italian Old Style|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/italian-old-style/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 77. ^{{cite web|last1=Saxena|first1=Pooja|title=Chasing Curiosities|url=https://poojasaxena.wordpress.com/2012/03/29/chasing-curiousities/|website=It's a nerd's life|accessdate=18 March 2017}} 78. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Heavy Face|url=http://fontsinuse.com/typefaces/6097/goudy-heavyface|website=Fonts In Use|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 79. ^Rollins, Carl Purlington American Type Designers and Their Work. in Print, V. 4, #1. 80. ^Specimen Book of Continental Types, Continental Type Founders Association, N.Y.C., 1929, p. 123. 81. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last1=Kegler & Kahn|title=Goudy Aries|url=https://www.p22.com/family-Goudy_Aries|website=P22|publisher=P22|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 82. ^{{cite web|title=A "Lost" Goudy Type Becomes Our New Companion|url=http://tampabookartsstudio.blogspot.co.uk/2014/12/a-lost-goudy-type-becomes-our-new.html|publisher=Tampa Book Arts Studio|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 83. ^{{cite web|last1=Heller|first1=Steven|title=Happiness is Times New Roman|url=http://www.printmag.com/daily-heller/happiness-is-times-new-roman/|website=Print magazine|accessdate=15 December 2016}} 84. ^{{cite book|author=Walter Tracy|title=Letters of Credit: A View of Type Design|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y8NssjbqNcsC&pg=PA121|date=January 2003|publisher=D.R. Godine|isbn=978-1-56792-240-0|page=121}} 85. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Deepdene|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-deepdene/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 86. ^{{cite web|last1=Schwartz|first1=Barry|title=Linden Hill|url=https://www.theleagueofmoveabletype.com/linden-hill|website=League of Movable Type|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 87. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Remington|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-remington-typewriter/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 88. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Record Title|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-record-title/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 89. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Text|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-text/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 90. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Text CT|url=http://www.fontspring.com/fonts/castletype/goudy-text-ct|website=Fontspring|publisher=Castle Type|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 91. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Lombardy (digitisation with alternates)|url=http://www.fontspring.com/fonts/castletype/goudy-lombardy|website=Fontspring|publisher=CastleType|accessdate=11 September 2015}} 92. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Lombardic Caps|url=http://www.fontspring.com/fonts/fontsite/goudy-lombardic-caps|website=Fontspring|publisher=Fontsite|accessdate=11 September 2015}} 93. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Kaatskill|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-kaatskill/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 94. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Trajan Pro (medium weight free, otherwise commercial release)|url=http://castletype.com/html/tipoteca/goudy-trajan-trial.html|publisher=CastleType|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 95. ^{{cite web|last1=Beatty|first1=Richard|title=Goudy Mediaeval|url=https://www.fontshop.com/families/goudy-mediaeval|website=FontShop|publisher=Richard Beatty|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 96. ^{{cite web|last1=Steffmann|first1=Dieter|title=Goudy Mediaeval TM|url=http://www.1001fonts.com/goudy-font.html|website=1001fonts|publisher=Typographer Mediengestaltung|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 97. ^{{cite web|last1=Hardwig|first1=Florian|title=Django’s Spirit – A Tribute To Django Reinhardt|url=https://fontsinuse.com/uses/15772/django-s-spirit-a-tribute-to-django-reinhardt|website=Fonts in Use|accessdate=11 February 2017}} 98. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Stout|url=http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fonts/font.aspx?FMID=1099|publisher=Microsoft|accessdate=11 February 2017}} 99. ^{{cite web|last1=Matteson|first1=Steve|title=Truesdell|url=https://www.fontshop.com/families/truesdell|website=Fontshop|publisher=Monotype|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 100. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Ornate|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-ornate/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=26 August 2015}} 101. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Ornate MT|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/goudy-ornate-mt/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 102. ^{{cite web|last1=Curtis|first1=Nick|title=Franciscan Caps NF|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/nicksfonts/franciscan-caps-nf/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Nick's Fonts|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 103. ^{{cite web|last1=Beatty|first1=Richard|title=Goudy Saks (Richard Beatty)|url=https://www.fontshop.com/families/goudy-saks|website=FontShop|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 104. ^{{cite web|last1=Beatty|first1=Richard|title=Saks Goudy|url=http://www.will-harris.com/store-h/saks_goudy.html|website=Will Harris|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 105. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|last1=Pesala|first1=Bhikku|title=Fonts|url=http://www.softerviews.org/Fonts.html|website=Softer Views|accessdate=4 September 2015}} 106. ^{{cite web|last1=Matteson|first1=Steve|title=Bertham (with added italic)|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/ascender/bertham-pro/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Ascender|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 107. ^{{cite web|title=Friar|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/ascender/friar-pro/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Ascender|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 108. ^{{cite web|title=Californian FB|url=http://www.fontbureau.com/fonts/CalifornianFB/|publisher=Font Bureau|accessdate=19 June 2015}} 109. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Californian|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-californian/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 110. ^{{cite web|title=University Old Style (an alternative Berkeley Old Style digitisation by Fontsite)|url=http://www.fontspring.com/fonts/fontsite/university-oldstyle|publisher=Fontsite|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 111. ^{{cite web|last1=Beatty|first1=Richard|title=University Old Style|url=https://www.fontshop.com/families/university-old-style?affId=98220|publisher=Fontshop|accessdate=4 November 2015}} 112. ^{{cite web|last1=Beatty|first1=Richard|title=Claremont (Scripps digitisation)|url=http://www.will-harris.com/store-h/claremont_goudy.html|website=Will Harris|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 113. ^{{cite web|title=Scripps College Old Style|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/scripps-college-old-style/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 114. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Thirty|url=https://www.p22.com/family-Goudy_Thirty|website=P22|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 115. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Thirty TM|url=http://www.1001fonts.com/goudy-thirty-font.html|website=1001 Fonts|publisher=Typographer Mediengestaltung|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 116. ^{{cite book|author=Alexander S. Lawson|title=Anatomy of a Typeface|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FiJ87ixLs0sC&pg=PA13|date=January 1990|publisher=David R. Godine Publisher|isbn=978-0-87923-333-4|pages=13–34}} 117. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Catalog MT|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/mti/goudy-catalogue-mt/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Monotype|accessdate=31 August 2015}} 118. ^{{cite web|title=LTC Goudy Handtooled|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/lanston/ltc-goudy-handtooled/|website=MyFonts|publisher=LTC|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 119. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Two Shoes|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/canadatype/goudy-two-shoes/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Canada Type|accessdate=27 August 2015}} 120. ^{{cite web|title=Daylilies and Dayleaves|url=http://www.will-harris.com/store-h/daylillies___leaves.html|website=Will Harris|publisher=Judith Sutcliff|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 121. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Swash|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/urw/goudy-wtc/|website=MyFonts|publisher=URW++|accessdate=25 February 2016}} 122. ^{{cite web|last1=Bomparte|first1=John|title=Abstrak (Abstract Revival)|url=https://www.myfonts.com/fonts/bomparte/abstrak/|website=MyFonts|publisher=Bomparte Fonts}} 123. ^{{cite web|title=Goudy Aries Ornaments|url=http://www.myfonts.com/fonts/p22/goudy-aries/ornaments/|website=MyFonts|accessdate=17 September 2015}} 124. ^{{cite web|title=PF Goudy Initials|url=https://www.behance.net/gallery/PF-Goudy-Initials-Pro/311878|website=Behance|publisher=Parachute Fonts|accessdate=17 September 2015}} External linksWritings by Goudy
Additional sources
3 : Lists of typefaces|Arts and Crafts Movement|Typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy |
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