| 释义 |
- Genre categories: fiction and nonfiction Common genres: fiction Common genres: non-fiction Literary fiction vs. genre fiction
- Genres and subgenres
- Nonfiction genres
- References
{{Expand list|date=April 2010}}Written genres (more commonly known as literary genres) are those works of prose, poetry, drama, hybrid forms, or other literature that are distinguished by shared literary conventions, similarities in topic, theme, style, or common settings, character types, or formulaic patterns of character interactions and events, and an overall predictable form. Genres are not wholly fixed categories of writing, but their content evolves according to social and cultural contexts and contemporary questions of morals and morés. The most enduring genres are those literary forms that were defined and performed by the Ancient Greeks, definitions sharpened by the proscriptions of our earliest literary critics and rhetorical scholars such as Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Aeschylus, Aspasia, Euripides and others. The prevailing genres of literary composition in Ancient Greece were all written and constructed to explore cultural, moral, or ethical questions; they were ultimately defined as the genres of epic, tragedy, and comedy. Aristotle's proscriptive analysis of tragedy, for example, as expressed in his Rhetoric and Poetics, saw it as having six parts (music, diction, plot, character, thought, and spectacle) working together in particular ways. Thus Aristotle establishes one of the earliest delineations of the elements that define genre. Literary genres are often defined by the cultural expectations and needs of a particular historical and cultural moment or place. The major literary genres defined by topic are: - Fantasy
- Science Fiction
- Westerns
- Romance
- Thriller
- Mystery
- Detective story
- Dystopia
Other major genres are clustered together based on the form of how they are written, from the constrained syllables of a haiku to the controlled rhymes of a limerick. - Memoir
- Biography
- Play
- Musical
- Satire
- Haiku
- Horror
- DIY (Do It Yourself)
- Dictionary
Other genres are defined by their primary audiences: - Young adult fiction
- Children's books
- Adult Literature (often about sexual behavior)
Genre categories: fiction and nonfictionA Genre may fall under one of two categories: fiction and non-fiction. Any genre can be either a work of fiction (nonfactual descriptions and events invented by the author) or a work of nonfiction (a communication in which descriptions and events are understood to be factual). Common genres: fiction{{Speculative fiction sidebar|cTopic=Fantasy fiction}}Subsets of genres, known as common genres (or sub-genres), have developed from the types of genres in written expression. - Classic{{spaced en dash}}fiction that has become part of an accepted literary canon, widely taught in schools
- Comics/Graphic novel{{spaced en dash}}comic magazine or book based on a sequence of pictures (often hand drawn) and words.
- Contemporary{{spaced en dash}}living or occurring at the same time.
- Crime/detective{{spaced en dash}}fiction about a crime, how the criminal gets caught and serve time, and the repercussions of the crime
- Fable{{spaced en dash}}legendary, supernatural tale demonstrating a useful truth
- Fairy tale{{spaced en dash}}story about fairies or other magical creatures
- Fan fiction{{spaced en dash}}fiction written by a fan of, and featuring characters from, a particular TV series, movie, or book. Usually published on online platforms such as Fanfiction.net or Archive of Our Own.
- Fantasy{{spaced en dash}}fiction in an unreal setting that often includes magic, magical creatures, or the supernatural
- Folktale{{spaced en dash}}the songs, stories, myths, and proverbs of a people or "folk" as handed down by word of mouth
- Historical fiction{{spaced en dash}}story with fictional characters and events in an historical setting
- Horror{{spaced en dash}}fiction in which events evoke a feeling of dread and sometimes fear in both the characters and the reader
- Humor{{spaced en dash}}usually a fiction full of fun, fancy, and excitement, meant to entertain and sometimes cause intended laughter; but can be contained in all genres
- Legend{{spaced en dash}}story, sometimes of a national or folk hero, that has a basis in fact but also includes imaginative material
- Magical realism{{spaced en dash}}story where magical or unreal elements play a natural part in an otherwise realistic environment
- Meta fiction (also known as romantic irony in the context of Romantic works of literature){{spaced en dash}}uses self-reference to draw attention to itself as a work of art while exposing the "truth" of a story
- Mystery{{spaced en dash}}fiction dealing with the solution of a crime or the revealing of secrets
- Mythology{{spaced en dash}}legend or traditional narrative, often based in part on historical events, that reveals human behavior and natural phenomena by its symbolism; often pertaining to the actions of the gods
- Mythopoeia{{spaced en dash}}fiction in which characters from religious mythology, traditional myths, folklore and/or history are recast into a re-imagined realm created by the author
- Picture book{{spaced en dash}}picture storybook is a book with very little words and a lot of pictures; picture stories are usually for children
- Realistic fiction{{spaced en dash}}story that is true to life
- Science fiction{{spaced en dash}}story based on the impact of actual, imagined, or potential science, often set in the future or on other planets
- Short story{{spaced en dash}}fiction of great brevity, usually supports no subplots
- Suspense/thriller{{spaced en dash}}fiction about harm about to befall a person or group and the attempts made to evade the harm
- Swashbuckler{{spaced en dash}}story based on a time of pirates and ships and other related ideas, usually full of action
- Tall tale{{spaced en dash}}humorous story with blatant exaggerations, such as swaggering heroes who do the impossible with nonchalance
- Western {{spaced en dash}}fiction set in the American Old West frontier and typically in the late eighteenth to late nineteenth century
Common genres: non-fiction- Biography {{spaced ndash}} a narrative of a person's life; when the author is also the main subject, this is an autobiography.
- Essay {{spaced ndash}} a short literary composition that reflects the author's outlook or point.
- Owner's manual (also Instruction manual, User's guide) {{spaced ndash}} an instructional book or booklet that is supplied with consumer products such as vehicles, home appliances, toys and computer peripherals
- Journalism{{spaced ndash}} reporting on news and current events.
- Lab report {{spaced ndash}} a report of an experiment
- Memoir {{spaced ndash}} factual story that focuses on a significant relationship between the writer and a person, place, or object; reads like a short novel
- Narrative nonfiction/personal narrative {{spaced ndash}} factual information about a significant event presented in a format that tells a story
- Reference book {{spaced ndash}} such as a dictionary, thesaurus, encyclopedia, almanac, or atlas
- Self-help book {{spaced ndash}} information with the intention of instructing readers on solving personal problems.
- Speech {{spaced ndash}} public address or discourse
- Textbook {{spaced ndash}} authoritative and detailed factual description of a thing.
Literary fiction vs. genre fictionLiterary fiction is a term used to distinguish certain fictional works that possess commonly held qualities to readers outside genre fiction. Literary fiction has been defined as any fiction that attempts to engage with one or more truths or questions, hence relevant to a broad scope of humanity as a form of expression. There are many sources that help readers find and define literary fiction and genre fiction.[1][2]Edit by: Louise Thompson Genres and subgenresSome genres listed may reappear throughout the list, indicating cross-genre status.{{Citation needed|date=June 2012}} {{Refimprove|date=June 2012}}- Adventure novel
- Epic
- Imaginary voyage
- Lost World
- Men's adventure
- Milesian tale
- Picaresque novel (picaresco)
- Apocalyptic
- Sea story
- Subterranean fiction
- British Literature
- Children's literature
- Young adult fiction
- Class S
- Light novel
- Education fiction
- Campus novel
- Campus murder mystery
- School story
- Romance
- Varsity novel
- Erotic fiction
- Erotic romance
- Picaresque novel (picaresco)
- Women's erotica
- Experimental fiction
- Antinovel
- Ergodic literature
- Graphic novel
- Historical fiction
- Historical romance
- Metahistorical romance
- Historical mystery (also known as historical whodunit)
- Holocaust novels
- Plantation tradition
- Prehistoric fiction
- Regency novel
- Regency romance
- Contradiction
- Literary fiction
- Literary nonsense
- Mathematical fiction
- Metafiction
- Nonfiction novel
- Bildungsroman
- Biographical novel
- Autobiographical novel
- Semi-autobiographical novel
- I novel
- Slave narrative
- Contemporary slave narrative
- Neo-slave narrative
- Occupational fiction
- Hollywood novel
- Lab lit
- Legal thriller
- Medical fiction
- Medical romance
- Musical fiction
- Sports fiction
- Philosophical fiction
- Existentialist fiction
- Novel of ideas
- Platonic dialogues
- Political fiction
- Pulp fiction
- Quantum fiction
- Religious fiction
- Christian fiction
- Christian science fiction
- Contemporary Christian fiction
- Islamic fiction
- Jewish fiction[3]
- Saga
- Speculative fiction
- Fantasy
- By setting
- Epic / high fantasy
- Hard fantasy
- Historical fantasy
- Prehistoric fantasy
- Medieval fantasy
- Wuxia
- Low fantasy
- Urban fantasy
- Paranormal romance
- By theme
- Comic fantasy
- Contemporary fantasy
- Dark fantasy
- Fantasy of manners
- Heroic fantasy
- Magic realism
- Mythic
- Paranormal fantasy
- Shenmo fantasy
- Superhero fantasy
- Sword and sorcery
- Horror
- Body horror
- Splatterpunk
- Erotic
- Gothic fiction
- Southern Gothic
- Psychological
- Supernatural / paranormal
- Cosmic (Lovecraftian)
- Ghost story
- Monster literature
- Jiangshi fiction
- Vampire fiction
- Werewolf fiction
- Occult detective
- Science fiction
- Alien invasion
- Post-apocalyptic
- Cyberpunk derivatives, aka punk
- Cyberpunk
- Biopunk
- Nanopunk
- Postcyberpunk
- Steampunk
- Atompunk
- Clockpunk
- Dieselpunk
- Dystopian
- Hard science fiction
- Military science fiction
- Parallel universe, aka alternative universe
- Alternative history
- Scientific romance
- Soft science fiction
- Space opera
- Speculative cross-genre fiction
- Bizarro fiction
- Climate fiction (cli-fi)
- Dying Earth
- Science fantasy
- Planetary romance
- Sword and planet
- Slipstream
- Weird fiction
- New Weird
- Suspense fiction
- Crime fiction
- Detective fiction
- Gong'an fiction
- Mystery fiction
- Thriller
- Mystery fiction
- Legal thriller
- Medical thriller
- Political thriller
- Spy fiction
- Psychological thriller
- Techno-thriller
- Tragedy
- Melodrama
- Urban fiction
- Westerns
- Women's fiction
- Class S
- Femslash
- Matron literature
- Romance novel
- Yaoi
- Yuri
- Workplace tell-all
- General cross-genre
- Historical romance
- Juvenile fantasy
- LGBT pulp fiction
- Gay male pulp fiction
- Lesbian pulp fiction
- Lesbian erotica fiction
- Paranormal romance
- Romantic fantasy
- Tragicomedy
Nonfiction genresThese are genres belonging to the realm of non-fiction. Some genres listed may reappear throughout the list, indicating cross-genre status. - Autograph
- Biography
- Memoir
- Autobiography
- Autobiographical novel
- Spiritual autobiography
- Bildungsroman
- Slave narrative
- Contemporary slave narrative
- Neo-slave narrative
- Commentary
- Creative nonfiction
- Critique
- Canonical criticism
- Form criticism
- Higher criticism
- Historical criticism
- Lower criticism
- Narrative criticism
- Postmodern criticism
- Psychological criticism
- Redaction criticism
- Rhetorical criticism
- Social criticism
- Source criticism
- Textual criticism
- Cult literature
- Diaries and journals
- Didactic
- Dialectic
- Rabbinic
- Aporetic
- Elenctic
- Erotic literature
- Essay, treatise
- History
- Academic history
- Genealogy
- Narrative
- People's history
- Popular history
- Official history
- Narrative history
- Whig history
- Lament
- Law
- Ceremonial
- Family
- Levitical
- Moral
- Natural
- Royal decree
- Social
- Letter
- Manuscript
- Philosophy
- Poetry
- Religious text
- Apocalyptic
- Apologetics
- Chant
- Confession
- Covenant
- Creed
- Epistle
- Pauline epistle
- General epistle
- Encyclical
- Gospel
- Homily
- Koan
- Lectionary
- Liturgy
- Mysticism
- Occult literature
- Prayer
- Philosophy
- Philosophical theology
- Philosophy of religion
- Religious epistemology
- Prophecy
- Blessing/Curse
- Messianic prophecy
- Divination
- Oracle
- Woe oracle
- Prediction
- Vision
- Revelation
- Natural revelation
- Special revelation
- Scripture
- Buddhist texts
- Lotus Sutra
- Tripitaka
- Christian literature
- Apocrypha
- Encyclical
- New Testament
- Old Testament
- Patristic
- Anti-Nicene
- Post-Nicene
- Psalms
- Imprecatory psalm
- Pseudepigrapha
- Hindu literature
- Bhagavad Gita
- Vedas
- Islamic literature
- Haddith
- Quran
- Jewish literature
- Hebrew poetry
- Song
- Dirge
- Hymn
- Sutra
- Theology
- Apologetics
- Biblical theology
- Cosmology
- Christology
- Ecclesiology
- Eschatology
- Hamartiology
- Pneumatology
- Mariology
- Natural theology
- Soteriology
- Theology proper
- Wisdom literature
- Scientific writing
- Testament
- True crime
References1. ^Nancy Pearl, Now Read This: A Guide to Mainstream Fiction {{webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20120914200921/http%3A//archive.ala.org/booklist/v96/rbb/mr2/44now.html |date=2012-09-14 }}, Libraries Unlimited, 1999, 432 pp. (1-56308-659-X)
2. ^Saricks, J. (2001). The Readers' Advisory Guide to Genre Fiction. Chicago and London: American Library Association.
3. ^{{cite web|website=Goodreads|url=https://www.goodreads.com/shelf/show/jewish-fiction|title=Jewish fiction}}
{{Narrative}}Fantasy#Subgenres 4 : Literary genres|Literature lists|Literature by genre|Writing-related lists
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