| 词条 | Lloyd Demetrius |
| 释义 |
|name = Lloyd Demetrius |image = Lloyd Demetrius 1968 (portioned).jpg |image_upright = |caption = Lloyd Demetrius in 1968 |birth_date = |birth_place = |death_date = |death_place = |residence = United States and Germany |citizenship = |nationality = |ethnicity = |fields = Mathematician and theoretical biologist |workplaces = Max Planck Institute Harvard University |alma_mater = University of Cambridge University of Chicago |doctoral_advisor = |academic_advisors = |doctoral_students = |notable_students = |known_for = Evolutionary entropy Models of longevity |author_abbrev_bot = |author_abbrev_zoo = |influences = |influenced = |awards = Guggenheim Fellowship (1979) |religion = |signature = |footnotes = }} Lloyd A. Demetrius is a mathematician and theoretical biologist at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics at Berlin, Germany, and the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary biology, Harvard University.[1][2] He is best known for the discovery of the concept, evolutionary entropy,[3] a statistical parameter that characterizes Darwinian fitness in models of evolutionary processes at various levels of biological organization - molecular, organismic and cultural. Evolutionary entropy, an analogue of the Gibbs entropy in statistical physics, is the cornerstone of directionality theory, an analytical study of evolution by variation and selection. The theory has applications to: a) the development of aging and the evolution of longevity;[1] b) the origin and progression of age related diseases such as cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease;[4][5] c) the evolution of cooperation and the spread of inequality. EducationBorn in Jamaica, he carried out his undergraduate studies in mathematics at the University of Cambridge, UK. He received his PhD in mathematical biology, from the University of Chicago, with the dissertation Structural organization in cellular systems: a mathematical approach.[6] He was then a postdoc at the University of California, Berkeley. CareerDemetrius was a faculty member in a number of mathematics departments in the USA: University of California, Berkeley; Brown University, and Rutgers University (1971–1979); and a research scientist at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen (1980–1989). Since 1990, he has been with the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, first as a visiting professor (1990–1992), and then as an associate in population genetics. He has held visiting professorships at MIT, University of Paris, and was an occupant of a Chaire Municipale, a distinguished visiting professorship at the University of Grenoble. His research includes the application of ergodic theory and the theory of dynamical systems to the study of evolutionary processes in biological and socio-economic systems. He has also pioneered the application of the methodology of quantum mechanics to the study of allometric relations between metabolic rate and generation time in cells. This work is the mathematical basis for the analysis of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders as metabolic and bioenergetic diseases. See also
References1. ^1 https://www.biotechnologie.de/BIO/Navigation/DE/root,did=85258.html 2. ^http://www.mcz.harvard.edu/Departments/PopGenetics/demetrius_l.html 3. ^http://biomedgerontology.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/9/B902.full.pdf 4. ^http://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/medizin/streitgespraech-alzheimer-heilung-wie-nah-ist-man-wirklich-dran-13722068.html 5. ^http://majidalimd.me/2015/03/26/oxygen-genes-memory/ 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Demetrius|first1=Lloyd A|title=Structural organization in cellular systems: a mathematical approach|date=1967|publisher=University of Chicago|location=Chicago, Illinois|url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/structural-organization-in-cellular-systems-a-mathematical-approach/oclc/34919472|accessdate=27 February 2018}} External links
9 : 20th-century American mathematicians|21st-century American mathematicians|Alumni of the University of Cambridge|University of Chicago alumni|University of California, Berkeley alumni|Harvard University faculty|Living people|Guggenheim Fellows|Year of birth missing (living people) |
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