| 词条 | Langres | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Langres |commune status = Subprefecture and commune |image = Langres 121008 2.jpg |image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Langres (Haute-Marne).svg |region = Grand Est |department = Haute-Marne |arrondissement = Langres |canton = Langres |INSEE = 52269 |postal code = 52200 |mayor = Sophie Delong |term = 2014–2020 |intercommunality = Étoile de Langres |coordinates = {{coord|47.8633|5.3339|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |elevation m = 475 |elevation min m = 327 |elevation max m = 475 |area km2 = 22.33 |population = 9586 |population date = 1999 }} Langres ({{IPA-fr|lɑ̃ɡʁ}}) is a commune in northeastern France. It is a subprefecture of the department of Haute-Marne, in the region of Grand Est. HistoryAs the capital of the Romanized Gallic tribe the Lingones, it was called Andematunnum, then Lingones, and now Langres. The town is built on a limestone promontory of the same name. This stronghold was originally occupied by the Gauls, and, at a later date the Romans fortified the town belonging to the Celtic tribe the Lingones; Andemantunum the strategic cross-roads of twelve Roman roads.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} The 1st century Triumphal Gate and the many artefacts exhibited in the museums are witnesses to the Gallo-Roman town. After the period of invasions, the town prospered in the Middle Ages due, in part, to the growing political influence of its bishops. The diocese covered Champagne, the Duchy of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, and the bishops gained the right to coin money in the 9th century and to name the military governor of the city in 927. The Bishop of Langres was a duke and peer of France. The troubled 14th and 15th centuries were reason enough for the town to strengthen its fortifications, which still give the old part of the city its fortified character, and Langres entered a period of royal tutelage. The Renaissance, which returned prosperity to the town, saw the construction of numerous fine civil, religious and military buildings that still stand today. In the 19th century, a "Vauban" citadel was added. Climate{{Weather box |location = Langres (1981–2010 averages) |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan record high C = 14.5 |Feb record high C = 17.7 |Mar record high C = 21.9 |Apr record high C = 26.2 |May record high C = 29.8 |Jun record high C = 34.1 |Jul record high C = 35.9 |Aug record high C = 37.6 |Sep record high C = 31.6 |Oct record high C = 25.7 |Nov record high C = 21.1 |Dec record high C = 15.5 |year record high C = 37.6 |Jan high C = 3.4 |Feb high C = 5.1 |Mar high C = 9.4 |Apr high C = 13.1 |May high C = 17.4 |Jun high C = 20.8 |Jul high C = 23.5 |Aug high C = 23.2 |Sep high C = 18.9 |Oct high C = 13.8 |Nov high C = 7.6 |Dec high C = 4.1 |year high C = 13.4 |Jan low C = -1.3 |Feb low C = -0.7 |Mar low C = 2.1 |Apr low C = 4.6 |May low C = 8.7 |Jun low C = 11.7 |Jul low C = 13.9 |Aug low C = 13.9 |Sep low C = 10.6 |Oct low C = 7.2 |Nov low C = 2.4 |Dec low C = -0.3 |year low C = 6.1 |Jan record low C = -18.1 |Feb record low C = -21.2 |Mar record low C = -13.2 |Apr record low C = -6.6 |May record low C = -2.9 |Jun record low C = 2.5 |Jul record low C = 5.1 |Aug record low C = 5.1 |Sep record low C = 2.1 |Oct record low C = -4.5 |Nov record low C = -10.7 |Dec record low C = -16.4 |year record low C = -21.2 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 80.5 |Feb precipitation mm = 64.9 |Mar precipitation mm = 65.5 |Apr precipitation mm = 59.9 |May precipitation mm = 82.4 |Jun precipitation mm = 70.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 74.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 67.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 72.1 |Oct precipitation mm = 86.8 |Nov precipitation mm = 83.5 |Dec precipitation mm = 88.4 |year precipitation mm = 895.5 |Jan precipitation days = 12.4 |Feb precipitation days = 10.6 |Mar precipitation days = 11.4 |Apr precipitation days = 10.4 |May precipitation days = 12.6 |Jun precipitation days = 10.3 |Jul precipitation days = 9.5 |Aug precipitation days = 8.9 |Sep precipitation days = 9.4 |Oct precipitation days = 11.9 |Nov precipitation days = 11.9 |Dec precipitation days = 12.9 |year precipitation days = 132.0 |Jan snow days = 7.6 |Feb snow days = 6.9 |Mar snow days = 5.4 |Apr snow days = 3.2 |May snow days = 0.3 |Jun snow days = 0.0 |Jul snow days = 0.0 |Aug snow days = 0.0 |Sep snow days = 0.0 |Oct snow days = 0.3 |Nov snow days = 3.5 |Dec snow days = 6.2 |year snow days = 33.4 |Jan humidity = 90 |Feb humidity = 84 |Mar humidity = 78 |Apr humidity = 72 |May humidity = 74 |Jun humidity = 73 |Jul humidity = 71 |Aug humidity = 74 |Sep humidity = 79 |Oct humidity = 86 |Nov humidity = 89 |Dec humidity = 91 |year humidity = 80.1 |Jan sun = 61.7 |Feb sun = 86.3 |Mar sun = 139.1 |Apr sun = 171.9 |May sun = 194.0 |Jun sun = 213.9 |Jul sun = 225.8 |Aug sun = 219.6 |Sep sun = 169.6 |Oct sun = 111.9 |Nov sun = 60.7 |Dec sun = 48.4 |year sun = 1702.8 |source 1= Météo France[1][2] |source 2 = Infoclimat.fr (humidity and snowy days, 1961–1990)[3] }} Main sightsToday Langres is a historical town with numerous art treasures within the ancient defensive walls surrounding the old city (3.5 km), including a dozen towers and seven gates. The cathedral of Saint-Mammès is a late 12th-century structure dedicated to Mammes of Caesarea, a 3rd-century martyr. CultureLangres is home to producers of an AOC-protected cheese of the same name. It is a soft, pungent cow's milk cheese that is known for its rind, which is washed. The museum Denis Diderot´s House of Enlightenment. With it Langres pays homage to Denis Diderot. This museum, set up in a private mansion from the 16th and 18th centuries, is dedicated to the philosopher and to his most famous work, the Encyclopédie, as well as to the “Age of French Enlightenment”. Notable peopleLangres was the birthplace of:
International relations{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}}Twin towns – Sister citiesLangres is twinned with:
See also
GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/langres/52269001/normales| title = Données climatiques de la station de Langres| publisher = Meteo France| language = French| accessdate = December 31, 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.meteofrance.com/climat/france/champagne-ardenne/regi21/normales| title = Climat Champagne-Ardenne| publisher = Meteo France| language = French| accessdate = December 31, 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie-07283-langres.html| title = Normes et records 1961-1990: Langres (52) - altitude 467m| language = French| publisher = Infoclimat| accessdate = December 31, 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns |title=British towns twinned with French towns |accessdate=2013-07-11 |work=Archant Community Media Ltd |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns |archivedate=2013-07-05 |df= }} External links{{Commons|Langres|Langres}}
4 : Communes of Haute-Marne|Subprefectures in France|Lingones|Champagne |
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