| 词条 | Lop rabbit | |||||
| 释义 |
Lop rabbit or lop-eared rabbit refers to any rabbit with ears that droop, as opposed to being carried erect. A number of rabbit breeds (listed below) are characterized by such lop ears. Abnormalities in the skull of a half-lop rabbit were studied by Charles Darwin in 1868. Ear carriageThe defining feature of the lop rabbit is its ear carriage. Unlike the erect ear of the majority of domestic rabbit breeds, lop breeds have ears loosely drooping, with the opening of the ear facing the skull{{what?|date=June 2018}}. Due to the slightly-raised cartilaginous ear base, the head of many lop rabbits (with the exception of English Lops) has a small bulge, referred to as the crown.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} The head of a typical lop rabbit is said to resemble that of a male sheep in profile, thus the German term for a lop rabbit (Widder, meaning Aries [the ram]), the French term (bélier, meaning ram) and the Italian term (ariete, from Latin aries). A rabbit's ear, with its blood vessels close to the surface, is an essential thermoregulator,[1] since rabbits cannot sweat. Longer ears are associated with warmer climates, and possibly even with a late-spring birth in cooler climates (when such rabbits are thought to develop summer ears).[2] The additional weight of a longer or thicker ear is not always fully supported by the rest of the ear structure, resulting in ears that droop. The ears of some young lop rabbits may not achieve their full adult droop until the ear growth is finished. Ear typeRabbits are known to carry their ears in one of five ways:[3]
Ear lengthLonger (or thicker) ears are more likely to droop. Some lop-eared rabbits have been deliberately bred for exaggerated ear length.[5] As this can be considered detrimental to the rabbit's health, requirements in Germany "ban rabbits with ears over {{convert|25.5|in|cm}}, and in Holland, {{convert|27.5|in|cm}} is as long as they can be allowed [in shows] before disqualification."[3] The Guinness World Records award for "Longest ears on a rabbit" was given in 2003 to an English Lop in the United States with ears measuring {{convert|31.125|in|cm}}.[6] Breeds of lop-eared rabbitThough the majority of rabbit breeds have erect ears, lop-eared breeds make up approximately 15% of all the breeds currently recognized by the American Rabbit Breeders Association (ARBA)[7] or the British Rabbit Council (BRC).[8] Such lop-eared breeds include: {{div col|colwidth=20em}}
See also{{Portal|Rabbits and hares}}
References1. ^{{Cite journal|last=Fayez|first=I.|last2=Marai|first2=M.|last3=Alnaimy|first3=A.|last4=Habeeb|first4=M.|editor-last=Baselga|editor-first=M.|editor2-last=Marai|editor2-first=I.F.M.|title=Thermoregulation in Rabbits|url=http://ressources.ciheam.org/om/pdf/c08/95605277.pdf|format=PDF|journal=Rabbit Production in Hot Climates|series=Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes|location=Zaragoza|publisher=CIHEAM - International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies|publication-date=1994|volume=8|pages=33-41|via=}} 2. ^{{cite web |title = Summer Ears? |url = https://dutchbybriony.wordpress.com/2008/06/ |website = Dutch by Briony |accessdate = 12 February 2018 }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book |last = Whitman |first = Bob D. |title = Domestic Rabbits & Their Histories: Breeds of the World |date = October 2004 |publisher=Leathers Publishing |location = Leawood, KS |ISBN = 978-1585972753 }} 4. ^{{cite web |author = Wolf |title = Rabbit communication: watch those ears! |url = https://smallpetselect.com/uncategorized/rabbit-communication-ears |website = Small Pet Select |accessdate = 12 February 2018 |date = 5 June 2016 }} 5. ^{{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-LJHAQAAMAAJ&dq=rabbit+anatomy+lop&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title = Rabbit Culture and Standard: A Complete and Official Standard of All the Rabbits |last1=Roth |first1 = William F. |last2=Cornman |first2 = Charles T. |year = 1914 |publisher=Poultry Item Press |accessdate=9 February 2018 }} 6. ^{{cite web |title = Longest ears on a rabbit |url = http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/longest-ears-on-a-rabbit |website = Guinness World Records |accessdate=9 February 2018 }} 7. ^{{cite web |title=ARBA Recognized Breeds |url=https://www.arba.net/breeds.htm|website=American Rabbit Breeders Association|accessdate=9 February 2018 }} 8. ^{{cite web |title=Breed Standards 2016-2020 |url = http://www.thebrc.org/Mono%20Breed%20Standards%20Book%20APRIL%202017%20small.pdf |website=The British Rabbit Council |accessdate=9 February 2018 }}| 1 : Lop rabbits |
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