| 词条 | Larry Parks |
| 释义 |
| name = Larry Parks | image = Larry Parks 1950.jpg | caption = Parks in 1950 | birth_name = Samuel Klausman Lawrence Parks | birth_date = {{Birth date|1914|12|13|mf=y}} | birth_place = Olathe, Kansas, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|1975|4|13|1914|12|13|mf=y}} | death_place = Studio City, California, U.S. | spouse = Betty Garrett (1944–75 (his death)) | children = 2, including Andrew Parks | occupation = Actor, Singer | years_active = 1941–62 }} Samuel Klausman Lawrence Parks (December 13, 1914 – April 13, 1975) was an American stage and movie actor.[1] His career arced from bit player and supporting roles to top billing, before it was virtually ended when he admitted to having once been a member of a Communist Party cell, which led to his blacklisting by all Hollywood studios.[2] His best known role was Al Jolson, whom he portrayed in two films: The Jolson Story (1946) and Jolson Sings Again (1949). Life and careerParks was born in Olathe, Kansas, the son of Nellie (Klausman) and Frank H. Parks.[3] His family was Jewish.[4] He was raised in Joliet, Illinois, and graduated from Joliet Township High School in 1932. He attended the University of Illinois as a pre-med student,[5] and played in stock companies for a few years.[6] He went to Hollywood at the suggestion of John Garfield who said a part in a Warner Bros film called Mama Ravioli was being held for him. The movie was cancelled but Parks wound up signing a movie contract with Columbia Pictures in 1941.[7] Supporting playerAs did most Columbia contract players, he played supporting roles in higher-budgeted films, and larger roles in B pictures.[8] Parks could be seen in Mystery Ship (1941) and Harmon of Michigan (1941).[9] He could be seen in the "A" films You Belong to Me (1941) and Three Girls About Town (1941). He could also be seen in Sing for Your Supper (1941), Harvard, Here I Come (1942), Blondie Goes to College (1942), Canal Zone (1942), Alias Boston Blackie (1942), North of the Rockies (1942), Hello, Annapolis (1942), and Submarine Raider (1942). Parks was also in an "A", They All Kissed the Bride (1942) with Joan Crawford. Then there were war films like Flight Lieutenant (1942), and Atlantic Convoy (1942). Parks was in A Man's World (1942) and had a bigger part in The Boogie Man Will Get You (1942) with Boris Karloff and Peter Lorre. Parks had a tiny part in the "A", You Were Never Lovelier (1942). He was in Power of the Press (1943), Reveille with Beverly (1943), Redhead from Manhattan (1943) with Lupe Vélez, First Comes Courage (1943) directed by Dorothy Arzner, and Destroyer (1943) with Glenn Ford. Parks had bigger parts in Is Everybody Happy? (1943), Deerslayer (1943), The Racket Man (1944), Hey, Rookie (1944), and Jam Session (1944). Leading manParks graduated to leads with The Black Parachute (1944), Stars on Parade (1944), Sergeant Mike (1944), and She's a Sweetheart (1944). He supported Paul Muni in Counter-Attack (1945). He was in a Western Renegades (1946), with Evelyn Keyes.[10] When Columbia was preparing a screen biography of Al Jolson, many big-name stars were considered for the title role, including James Cagney and Danny Thomas (both of whom turned it down), but resident contractee Larry Parks was reportedly the first actor to be interviewed. Parks impressed the producers and won the role. At the age of 31, his performance in The Jolson Story (1946) earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor.[11][12] StardomNow that Parks was a full-fledged star, Columbia kept him busy in elaborate productions. He appeared opposite the studio's biggest star Rita Hayworth in Down to Earth (1947). That year exhibitors voted him the fifteenth biggest star in the US.[13] Then he made some swashbucklers, The Swordsman (1948) and The Gallant Blade (1948). Parks tried to break his contract with Columbia in 1948, but was unsuccessful.[14] That year he criticised HUAC.[15] He made Jolson Sings Again (1949), which was another huge box office hit.[16] His co-star in the film, Barbara Hale, teamed with him again in the comedy feature Emergency Wedding (1950). In 1950 he and his wife announced plans to make their own film Stakeout.[17] British exhibitors voted him the ninth most popular star in the UK. BlacklistingIn 1951, Parks was summoned to appear before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, under threat of being blacklisted in the movie industry, but he begged not to be forced to testify. He eventually did so in tears,[18] only to be blacklisted anyway. Larry Parks eventually gave up the names of his former colleagues to the HUAC.[19] Following his admission before the committee, Columbia Pictures dropped him from his contract although it had four years to run and Parks had been set to star in the film Small Wonder (which later became The First Time); Parks' fee was then $75,000 a film.[20][21][22] A romantic comedy he made for MGM, Love Is Better Than Ever, was shelved for a year.[23] He made a TV film for The Ford Television Theatre in 1953[24] and starred in the film Tiger by the Tail (1955) in England. He continued to squeeze out a living acting on the stage and doing occasional television programs.[25] He last appeared in a major role was in the John Huston film, The Secret Passion (1962).[26] Later careerParks eventually left the film industry and formed a successful construction business, and eventually he and his wife Betty Garrett owned many apartment buildings scattered throughout the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Rather than sell them upon completion, Parks decided to retain ownership and collect rents as a landlord, a decision that proved to be extremely profitable. During this period, the couple occasionally performed in Las Vegas showrooms, summer stock productions, and touring companies of Broadway shows.{{Sfn|Garrett|pp=125-152}}{{Sfn|Garrett|pp=169-171}} Personal lifeParks married actress Betty Garrett in 1944. Betty Garrett starred in Hollywood films such as On the Town and on television as Archie Bunker's neighbor Irene Lorenzo on All in the Family and as landlady Edna Babish on Laverne and Shirley. Her career also faced turmoil as a result of her marriage to Parks, and the two spent much of the 1950s doing theatre and musical variety shows. Together they had two sons, actor Andrew Parks and composer Garrett Parks. Larry Parks was also godfather to actor Jeff Bridges.[27][28][29] A Democrat, he supported Adlai Stevenson's campaign in the 1952 presidential election[30]. Parks died of a heart attack at the age of 60. Filmography{{div col}}Supporting roles and B movies
A-list stardom
Post-Blacklist
References1. ^{{cite web|author=Died: April 13, 1975 |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b9f0dc847 |title=Larry Parks | BFI | BFI |publisher=Explore.bfi.org.uk |date=April 13, 1975 |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Blackface-Blacklist-Jolson-Larry-Parks/dp/0810819651 |title=Blackface to Blacklist: Al Jolson, Larry Parks, and "the Jolson Story" (9780810819658): Doug McClelland: Books |publisher=Amazon.com |date= |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 3. ^https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:K86T-QN8 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I0byBwAAQBAJ&q=parks#v=snippet&q=parks|first=John|last=Cones|title=Motion Picture Biographies: The Hollywood Spin on Historical Figures|pages=33|publisher=|date=|ISBN=9781628941166}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.uiaa.org/illinois/news/illinoisalumni/0811b.html |title=Illinois Alumni Magazine | UIAA | Illinois Alumni |publisher=UIAA |date=March 21, 1951 |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article220427140 |title=Right At His Peak |newspaper=The Voice |volume=21 |issue=20 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=May 15, 1948 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article69207268 |title=Larry Parks' Rise to Fame |newspaper=The Advocate |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=March 17, 1950 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=18 |via=National Library of Australia}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://jolsonville.com/2011/02/13/a-star-is-born-larry-parks-as-al-jolson/ |title=A Star is Born: Larry Parks as Al Jolson | A Tribute to Al Jolson |publisher=Jolsonville.com |date=February 13, 2011 |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article240251922 |title=Larry Parks —You Won’t Remember Him |newspaper=The Dowerin Guardian and Amery Line Advocate |volume=XX |issue=33 |location=Western Australia |date=November 7, 1947 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=9 (Modern Weekly News Magazine) |via=National Library of Australia}} 10. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article214421737 |title=Handsome Larry Parks Achieves Stardom |newspaper=Lachlander and Condobolin and Western Districts Recorder |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=June 30, 1947 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}} 11. ^{{cite web|last=Ebert |first=Roger |url=http://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-with-larry-parks |title=Interview with Larry Parks | Interviews |publisher=Roger Ebert |date=August 25, 1968 |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/948329%7C178892/The-Jolson-Story.html |title=The Jolson Story |publisher=Tcm.com |date= |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 13. ^"Bing's Lucky Number: Pa Crosby Dons 4th B.O. Crown" By Richard L. Coe. The Washington Post January 3, 1948: 12. 14. ^https://archive.org/stream/variety169-1948-03#page/n62/mode/1up 15. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208108995 |title=Larry Parks Hits Hard At Red-Baiters |newspaper=Tribune |volume= |issue=401 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=March 17, 1948 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=5 |via=National Library of Australia}} 16. ^{{cite web|author=T. M. P. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=990DE5D7173BE23BBC4052DFBE668382659EDE |title=Movie Review – Jolson Sings Again – THE SCREEN IN REVIEW; ' Jolson Sings Again,' in Opening at Loew's State, Calls for Some Lusty Cheering |publisher=NYTimes.com |date=August 18, 1949 |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 17. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article230172108 |title=Larry Parks plans to finance his own movie |newspaper=The Sun |issue=12,534 |location=Sydney, Australia |date=March 30, 1950 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=35|edition=LATE FINAL EXTRA |via=National Library of Australia}} 18. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article139514311 |title=Larry Parks Commended For Truth |newspaper=Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate |issue=23,236 |location=New South Wales|date=March 24, 1951 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}} 19. ^Silverman, Stephen M. Dancing on the Ceiling: Stanley Donen and his Movies. Alfred A. Knopf. 1996. p. 140. 20. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article81595939 |title=LARRY PARKS ON THE "OUTER" |newspaper=The Northern Miner |location=Queensland|date=March 26, 1951 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}} 21. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article158794826 |title=Studio Drops Larry Parks Following Red Confession |newspaper=The Newcastle Sun |issue=10,365 |location=New South Wales|date=March 24, 1951 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}} 22. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article129917503 |title=LARRY PARKS QUITS STUDIO |newspaper=The News |volume=56 |issue=8,657 |location=Adelaide |date=May 8, 1951 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}} 23. ^{{AFI film|id=50557|title=Love Is Better Than Ever}} 24. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article100178330 |title=Larry Parks on job again 'Paid for my mistakes' |newspaper=Sunday Mail |location=Queensland, Australia |date=November 8, 1953 |accessdate=October 10, 2017 |page=25 |via=National Library of Australia}} 25. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XFnfnKg6BcAC&pg=PA433&lpg=PA433#v=onepage&q=larry%20parks%20career%20after%20jolson |title=Vaudeville old & new: an encyclopedia of variety performances in America – Frank Cullen, Florence Hackman, Donald McNeilly|via=Google Books |date= |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6aaa5513 |title=Freud | BFI | BFI |publisher=Explore.bfi.org.uk |date= |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/147886%7C95671/Larry-Parks/biography.html |title=Biography for Larry Parks |publisher=Tcm.com |date= |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/8321547/Betty-Garrett.html |title=Betty Garrett |publisher=The Telegraph |date= |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 29. ^{{cite web|last=Rampell |first=Ed |url=http://peoplesworld.org/bridges-brothers-honor-hollywood-red-betty-garrett/ |title=Bridges brothers honor Hollywood "Red" Betty Garrett |publisher=peoplesworld |date=April 18, 2011 |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 30. ^Motion Picture and Television Magazine, November 1952, page 33, Ideal Publishers External links
14 : 1914 births|1975 deaths|People from Olathe, Kansas|American male film actors|Jewish American male actors|American male stage actors|Hollywood blacklist|University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign alumni|Actors from Joliet, Illinois|20th-century American male actors|Male actors from Kansas|Male actors from Illinois|Illinois Democrats|California Democrats |
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