“Lowrey organ”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Lowrey organ is an electronic organ named for its developer, Frederick Lowrey, a Chicago-based industrialist and entrepreneur.^[1]

During the 1960s and 1970s, Lowrey was the largest manufacturer of electronic organs in the world.^[1] In 1989, the Lowrey Organ Company produced its 1,000,000th organ.^[2]

Up until 2011, modern Lowrey organs were built in LaGrange Park, Illinois. In 2011, it was announced that production of a few models was to be moved to Indonesia.

Most notably, the Lowrey organ differs from the Hammond organ (which also bears the name of its Chicago-based inventor) in its incorporation of "automatic accompaniment" features. While originally intended for the home entertainment market, it was also used by some rock groups in the 1960s and 1970s.

Its sound can be heard prominently on the 1968 recording of "Chest Fever", which begins with a Bach-inspired prelude/intro.^[4] The Lowrey Organ is one of several organs on The Beatles' 1967 song "Being for the Benefit of Mr. Kite!" (from the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album), helping create a fairground atmosphere.^[5] Furthermore, a Lowrey DSO Heritage organ was used to produce the classic opening for "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds".

The Lowrey Organ and its built-in drum patterns are also heard on the million-seller single, "Why Can't We Live Together" of Timmy Thomas.

A rather surprising use of a Lowrey Organ, on a percussive "marimba repeat" setting, was the synthesizer-like background noise on The Who song "Baba O'Riley".^[7] Mike Ratledge of Soft Machine switched from a Vox Continental to a Lowrey Holiday Deluxe^[8] sometime between late 1966 and early 1967, and used it from then on, adding a fuzzbox and plugging it into a Marshall stack. To prevent feedback in the silences between notes (consequence of playing at a very high volume), Ratledge invented a style of his own avoiding the between-note gaps by soloing in legato.{{Citation needed|date=May 2013}} Mike Oldfield made use of the instrument quite extensively on his Tubular Bells album, and on several later albums as well. The Gotye song State of the Art was written to showcase the sounds of the Lowrey Cotillion model D-575.^[9]

From 1966 to 1971, Lowrey also produced combo organs for Gibson while the guitar manufacturer was owned by parent company Chicago Musical Instruments. The most popular of these was first introduced in 1966 as the Kalamazoo K-101, but was renamed the Gibson G-101 shortly thereafter. The Gibson branded organs' design and circuitry were similarly based on Lowrey's own "T-1" and "T-2" models, as well as their "TLO-R" and "Holiday" spinet models. However, they had several additional features that made their sound distinctive from other Lowrey models, including "Repeat", "Glide", and "Trumpet Wow-wow" effects.

In the late 1970s, selling features of Lowrey home organs included Magic Genie Chords, Track III Rhythm and the Automatic Organ Computer.^[10]

In the 1980s, Lowrey launched the MicroGenie series of portable organs with built-in speakers, some of which could run on batteries. They including the MicroGenie V60, V100/101, V105, V120, V125 and MicroGenie Pro V600 (which was programmable and had MIDI capability).

References

1. ^¹{{cite web |title=History of tradename |publisher=Musical Instrument Technicians Association |url=http://www.mitatechs.com/tradenames.html |year=2007 |accessdate=2009-07-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070704071419/http://www.mitatechs.com/tradenames.html |archivedate = 2007-07-04}}
2. ^{{cite news|title=Music Trades |publisher= |date=1989-07-01 |url=http://www.allbusiness.com/manufacturing/miscellaneous-mfg-musical-instrument/8779052-1.html |accessdate=2008-07-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903045020/http://www.allbusiness.com/manufacturing/miscellaneous-mfg-musical-instrument/8779052-1.html |archivedate=September 3, 2009 }}
3. ^{{cite journal | last = Doerschuk | first = Bob | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Garth Hudson: Legendary Organist with '60s Supergroup 'The Band' | journal = Keyboard Magazine | volume = | issue = | pages = | publisher = | location = | date = December 1983 | url = | doi = | id = | accessdate = }}
4. ^{{cite journal | last = Johnson | first = Brian D. | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Garth Hudson (Profile) | journal = Maclean's | volume = | issue = | pages = | publisher = | location = | date = July 22, 2002 | url = | doi = | id = | accessdate = }}
5. ^{{cite book | last = Lewisohn | first = Mark | title = The Beatles Recording Sessions | publisher = Harmony Books | location = New York | year = 1988 }}
6. ^{{cite book | last = Babiuk | first = Andy | title = Beatles Gear | publisher = BackBeat Books | location = San Francisco | year = 2001 }}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thewho.net/whotabs/gear/guitar/lowrey.html |title=Lowrey Berkshire Deluxe TBO-1 organ: Baba O’Riley/Won’t Get Fooled Again ‘synthesizer’ sound |date=27 August 2005 |work=Whotabs |accessdate=14 September 2010 }}
8. ^¹ {{cite web | author = Frank Pugno, Bil Curry | date = 2005-11-03 | title = LOWREY ORGANS | url = http://theatreorgans.com/hammond/keng/kenhtml/Lowrey%20Organs%20Page.htm | website = Electronic Organs {{smaller|(theatreorgans.com/hammond/keng/kenhtml/electronicorgans.htm)}} | publisher = VintageHammond.Com | quote = }}

{{smaller|1="In 1956, the Glide, a foot switch located on the left side of the expression pedal, was introduced, permitting the effects of a Hawaiian guitar “glide”, the smear of a trombone, the glissando of singing strings and the effect of a calliope. The Glide dropped the pitch of the organ about a semi-tone and cancelled the vibrato. / In 1961, Lowrey’s first home organ with a built-in Leslie speaker appeared as the Holiday Deluxe Model LSL. Automatic Orchestra Control, later renamed Automatic Organ Computer, came on the scene in 1963. / Fig. 2 – Holiday Deluxe Model LSL"}}

9. ^{{cite web|url=http://drownedinsound.com/in_depth/4144161-planet-gear--gotye-on-the-lowrey-cotillion-organ-and-making-mirrors|date=4 January 2012|title=Planet Gear: Gotye on the Lowrey Cotillion organ and Making Mirrors|publisher=Drowned in Sound|accessdate=13 November 2017}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/clip/29784040/lowrey_new_model_premiere_organ/|title=Lowrey New Model Premiere organ advertisement (1977)|website=Newspapers.com|language=en|access-date=2019-03-22}}

References

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