| 词条 | La Sarraz | ||
| 释义 |
| subject_name = La Sarraz | municipality_name = La Sarraz | municipality_type = Municipality | image_photo = La Sarraz-chateau-ag1.jpg | image_caption = La Sarraz Castle | imagepath_coa = La Sarraz-coat of arms.svg|pixel_coa= | map = | languages = French | canton = Vaud | iso-code-region = CH-VD | district = Morges |coordinates = {{coord|46|40|N|6|31|E|display=inline,title}} |lat_NS=N|long_EW=E | postal_code = 1315 | municipality_code = 5498 | area = 7.71 | elevation = 490|elevation_description= | population = 1739|populationof=2003 | website = www.lasarraz.ch | mayor = Daniel Develey |mayor_asof=|mayor_party= | mayor_title = Syndic |list_of_mayors = | places = | demonym = | neighboring_municipalities= Arnex-sur-Orbe, Chevilly, Croy, Dizy, Eclépens, Ferreyres, Lussery-Villars, Orny, Pompaples, Romainmôtier-Envy | twintowns = |}} La Sarraz is a municipality of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland, located in the district of Morges. HistoryLa Sarraz is first mentioned in 1149 as Sarrata.[1] It is also known as the place of establishment of Le Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne in 1928. GeographyLa Sarraz has an area, {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, of {{convert|7.71|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}. Of this area, {{convert|3.72|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 48.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|3.01|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 39.0% is forested. Of the rest of the land, {{convert|0.92|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 11.9% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.04|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 0.5% is either rivers or lakes and {{convert|0.05|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 0.6% is unproductive land.[1] Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 6.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.5%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.8% of the area Out of the forested land, 36.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 36.8% is used for growing crops and 10.2% is pastures, while 1.2% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.[1] The municipality was part of the Cossonay District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and La Sarraz became part of the new district of Morges.[2] The municipality is located in the Venoge river, at the foot of the Mormont. Coat of armsThe blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per pale Gules and Or, overall capital S Argent lined Sable.[3] DemographicsLa Sarraz has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-VD}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-VD|5498}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-VD}} {{as of|2008}}, 26.6% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[4] Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 29.8%. It has changed at a rate of 27.9% due to migration and at a rate of 2% due to births and deaths.[5] Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks French (1,461 or 84.5%), with German being second most common (79 or 4.6%) and Portuguese being third (64 or 3.7%). There are 35 people who speak Italian.[8] Of the population in the municipality 363 or about 21.0% were born in La Sarraz and lived there in 2000. There were 657 or 38.0% who were born in the same canton, while 237 or 13.7% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 420 or 24.3% were born outside of Switzerland.[8] In {{as of|2008|alt=2008}} there were 16 live births to Swiss citizens and 3 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 19 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 3 while the foreign population increased by 2. There were 4 Swiss men who immigrated back to Switzerland and 1 Swiss woman who emigrated from Switzerland. At the same time, there were 12 non-Swiss men and 10 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 45 and the non-Swiss population increased by 41 people. This represents a population growth rate of 4.9%.[4] The age distribution, {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, in La Sarraz is; 244 children or 11.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 254 teenagers or 11.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 316 people or 14.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 355 people or 16.5% are between 30 and 39, 343 people or 16.0% are between 40 and 49, and 264 people or 12.3% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 191 people or 8.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 108 people or 5.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 62 people or 2.9% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 13 people or 0.6% who are 90 and older.[6] {{as of|2000}}, there were 688 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 829 married individuals, 104 widows or widowers and 107 individuals who are divorced.[7]{{as of|2000}}, there were 738 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household.[5] There were 253 households that consist of only one person and 40 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 751 households that answered this question, 33.7% were households made up of just one person and there was 1 adult who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 203 married couples without children, 232 married couples with children There were 43 single parents with a child or children. There were 6 households that were made up of unrelated people and 13 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.[7]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}} there were 192 single family homes (or 53.3% of the total) out of a total of 360 inhabited buildings. There were 89 multi-family buildings (24.7%), along with 58 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (16.1%) and 21 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (5.8%). Of the single family homes 26 were built before 1919, while 16 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (49) were built between 1981 and 1990. The most multi-family homes (34) were built before 1919 and the next most (15) were built between 1981 and 1990. There were 5 multi-family houses built between 1996 and 2000.[8]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}} there were 799 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 3 rooms of which there were 241. There were 53 single room apartments and 185 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 723 apartments (90.5% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 55 apartments (6.9%) were seasonally occupied and 21 apartments (2.6%) were empty.[8] {{as of|2009}}, the construction rate of new housing units was 1.4 new units per 1000 residents.[5] The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2010|alt=in 2010}}, was 0.12%.[5]The historical population is given in the following chart:[9][10] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:1140 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:1800 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:400 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:80 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1550 from:start till:220 bar:1550 at:230 fontsize:S text: "55 Hearths" shift:(8,5) bar:1696 from:start till:208 bar:1696 at:218 fontsize:S text: "52 Hearths" shift:(8,5) bar:1764 from:start till:363 text:"363" bar:1850 from:start till:790 text:"790" bar:1860 from:start till:791 text:"791" bar:1870 from:start till:775 text:"775" bar:1880 from:start till:858 text:"858" bar:1888 from:start till:848 text:"848" bar:1900 from:start till:930 text:"930" bar:1910 from:start till:1007 text:"1,007" bar:1920 from:start till:961 text:"961" bar:1930 from:start till:988 text:"988" bar:1941 from:start till:983 text:"983" bar:1950 from:start till:1010 text:"1,010" bar:1960 from:start till:1026 text:"1,026" bar:1970 from:start till:1190 text:"1,190" bar:1980 from:start till:1210 text:"1,210" bar:1990 from:start till:1533 text:"1,533" bar:2000 from:start till:1728 text:"1,728" Heritage sites of national significanceThe Chapelle Saint-Antoine and La Sarraz Castle are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance. The entire old town of La Sarraz is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.[11] PoliticsIn the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 22.25% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (19.86%), the FDP (19.03%) and the Green Party (16.38%). In the federal election, a total of 478 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 45.4%.[12] Economy{{as of|2010|In 2010}}, La Sarraz had an unemployment rate of 5.8%. {{as of|2008}}, there were 19 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 160 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 23 businesses in this sector. 376 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 65 businesses in this sector.[5] There were 909 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 44.4% of the workforce.{{as of|2008|alt=In 2008}} the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 471. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 12, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 153 of which 36 or (23.5%) were in manufacturing, 16 or (10.5%) were in mining and 100 (65.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 306. In the tertiary sector; 80 or 26.1% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 15 or 4.9% were in the movement and storage of goods, 19 or 6.2% were in a hotel or restaurant, 4 or 1.3% were in the information industry, 13 or 4.2% were the insurance or financial industry, 18 or 5.9% were technical professionals or scientists, 52 or 17.0% were in education and 12 or 3.9% were in health care.[13]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 408 workers who commuted into the municipality and 633 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 4.9% of the workforce coming into La Sarraz are coming from outside Switzerland.[14] Of the working population, 11.3% used public transportation to get to work, and 63.5% used a private car.[5]ReligionFrom the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 445 or 25.8% were Roman Catholic, while 840 or 48.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 10 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.58% of the population), and there were 39 individuals (or about 2.26% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish, and 109 (or about 6.31% of the population) who were Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist and 5 individuals who belonged to another church. 175 (or about 10.13% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 122 individuals (or about 7.06% of the population) did not answer the question.[7] EducationIn La Sarraz about 586 or (33.9%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 217 or (12.6%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 217 who completed tertiary schooling, 58.1% were Swiss men, 25.3% were Swiss women, 9.7% were non-Swiss men and 6.9% were non-Swiss women.[7] In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 274 students in the La Sarraz school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts.[15] During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 631 children of which 203 children (32.2%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 152 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 117 students in those schools. There were also 5 students who were home schooled or attended another non-traditional school.[16] {{as of|2000}}, there were 180 students in La Sarraz who came from another municipality, while 84 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[14]References1. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 25 March 2010 {{commons category}}{{Municipalities of the district of Morges}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sarraz La}}2. ^Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz {{de icon}} accessed 4 April 2011 3. ^Flags of the World.com accessed 20-May-2011 4. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628151016/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/onlinedb/superweb/login.html |date=2010-06-28 }} {{de icon}} accessed 19 June 2010 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 Swiss Federal Statistical Office {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105172441/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html |date=2016-01-05 }} accessed 20-May-2011 6. ^Canton of Vaud Statistical Office {{fr icon}} accessed 29 April 2011 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809142611/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true |date=2013-08-09 }} {{de icon}} accessed 2 February 2011 8. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907111534/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-09-07 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 9. ^1 {{HDS|2348|La Sarraz}} 10. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930162751/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true |date=2014-09-30 }} {{de icon}} accessed 29 January 2011 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html |title=Kantonsliste A-Objekte |year=2009 |work=KGS Inventar |publisher=Federal Office of Civil Protection |language=German |accessdate=25 April 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628110559/http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.html |archivedate=28 June 2010 |df= }} 12. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514211354/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/04/03.html |date=2015-05-14 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 May 2010 13. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225013454/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=2014-12-25 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 14. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120804043150/http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php |date=2012-08-04 }} {{de icon}} accessed 24 June 2010 15. ^Organigramme de l'école vaudoise, année scolaire 2009-2010 {{fr icon}} accessed 2 May 2011 16. ^Canton of Vaud Statistical Office - Scol. obligatoire/filières de transition {{fr icon}} accessed 2 May 2011 3 : Cities in Switzerland|Municipalities of Vaud|Cultural property of national significance in Vaud |
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