| 词条 | Lasithi | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Lasithi | native_name = Περιφερειακή ενότητα Λασιθίου | native_name_lang = el | settlement_type = Regional unit | image_skyline = 2010 Dimi Lasithiou numbered.svg | image_alt = | image_caption = Municipalities of Lasithi | imagesize = 200px | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Nomos Lasithiou.png | map_alt = | map_caption = Lasithi within Greece | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|35|05|N|25|50|E|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Greece | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Crete | established_title = | established_date = 2011 | founder = | seat_type = Capital | seat = Agios Nikolaos | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 1823 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 75381 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | time_zone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone1_DST = EEST | utc_offset1_DST = +3 | postal_code_type = Postal codes | postal_code = 72x xx | area_code_type = Area codes | area_code = 284x0 | blank_name = Car plates | blank_info = ΑΝ | iso_code = GR-92 | website = {{URL|www.lassithi.gr}} | footnotes = }} Lasithi ({{lang-el|Λασίθι}}) is the easternmost regional unit on the island of Crete, to the east of Heraklion. Its capital is Agios Nikolaos, the other major towns being Ierapetra, Sitia and Neapoli. The mountains include the Dikti in the west and the Thrypti in the east. The Sea of Crete lies to the north and the Libyan Sea to the south. To the east of the village of Elounda lies the island of Spinalonga, formerly a Venetian fortress and a leper colony. On the foot of Mount Dikti lies the Lasithi Plateau, famous for its windmills. Vai is well known for its datepalm forest. Thanks to its beaches and its mild climate year-long, Lasithi attracts many tourists. Mass tourism is served by places like Vai, Agios Nikolaos and the island of Chrissi. More off-beat tourism can be found in villages on the south coast like Myrtos, Makrys Gialos or Makrigialos, Xerokambos and Koutsouras. Lasithi is home to a number of ancient remains. Vasiliki, Fournou Korifi, Pyrgos, Zakros and Gournia are ruins of Minoan date, Lato and Itanos were Doric towns. HistoryThe history of Lasithi can be traced over at least three millennia.[1] The region has considerable ancient history antecedents, including the Dorian era settlement of Olous and Lato.[2] EtymologyIt has been speculated that ra-su-to, found in Linear B, corresponds to an unattested ancient Lasynthos.[3] There is also a Lyttian tribal name Lasynthioi, presumably reflecting the same name.[4] Earlier proposals that it is derived from a Venetian 'la' preposed to derivatives of Lyttos (Lyttus > Tselyttus[5] > Tselethe > Xeethe > La Xeethi > Lasithi)[6] or Sitia (Sitia > La Sitia > Lasithi) are unlikely, as the name Lasithi was attested as early as 1211, whereas the Venetians only first arrived in Crete in 1205.[7] Another unlikely etymology derives it from lakkos 'hole or basin' (Lakkos > Lakkidion > Latsidi > Lasidi > Lasithi).[7] AdministrationThe regional unit Lasithi is subdivided into four municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):[8]
PrefectureAs a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the regional unit Lasithi was created out of the former prefecture of Lasithi ({{lang-el|Νομός Λασιθίου}}), which was created while Crete was still an autonomous state and was retained after the island joined Greece in 1913. The prefecture had the same territory as the present regional unit, except Viannos area that belonged to Lasithi but was annexed to Heraklion prefecture in 1932. At the same time, the municipalities were reorganised, according to the table below.[8]
ProvincesBefore 2006, Lasithi was divided into 4 provinces:
Transport
See also
References1. ^Livingston Vance Watrous, Lasithi, a History of Settlement on a Highland Plain in Crete, 1982, 89 pages 2. ^C.Michael Hogan, Lato Fieldnotes, The Modern Antiquarian, Jan 10, 2008 3. ^Fred Woudhuizen, The Earliest Cretan Scripts, 2:99 4. ^Angelos Chaniotis, "The Great Inscription, its Political Institutions, and the Common Institutions of the Cretans" in E. Greco, M. Lombardo, eds., La Grande Iscrizione di Gortyna. Centoventi anni dopo la scoperta, Atti del I Convegno Internazionale di Studi sulla Messarà, Athens 2005 p. 182 and passim {{cite web|url= http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/747/1/Chaniotis_The_great_inscription_2005.pdf|title=Chaniotis, The Great Inscription}} 5. ^cf. Rebracketing of se- + noun 6. ^Thomas Abel Brimage Spratt, Travels and Researches in Crete, 1865, chapter XIX, [https://books.google.com/books?id=OzMbAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA201 p. 201] 7. ^1 Philip Betancourt, Hagios Charalambos: A Minoan Burial Cave in Crete 1:9, 2014 {{isbn|1623033934}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://www.kedke.gr/uploads2010/FEKB129211082010_kallikratis.pdf |title=Kallikratis reform law text }} External links
4 : Lasithi|Prefectures of Greece|Regional units of Greece|Regional units of Crete |
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