| 词条 | Luis Monge (mass murderer) |
| 释义 |
Luis José Monge (August 21, 1918 – June 2, 1967) was a convicted mass murderer who was executed in the gas chamber at Colorado State Penitentiary in 1967. Monge was the last inmate to be executed before an unofficial moratorium on executions began in the United States in 1972. MurdersMonge, a Denver, Colorado insurance salesman, was a native of Puerto Rico who grew up in New York. He was convicted and sentenced to death for murdering his wife, Leonarda, and three of the couple's ten children after his wife had discovered his incestuous relationship with one of their daughters.[1] Monge's murder victims were: Leonarda, Alan (aged 6), Vincent (aged 4), and Teresa (11 months old). Immediately after the four murders, Monge called police and admitted his guilt.[2] The alleged motive for the murders was "to prevent exposure of sex crimes committed by defendant with his own children".[3] He beat his wife to death with a steel bar, stabbed Teresa, choked Vincent, and bludgeoned Alan with the steel bar.[2] He had no prior felony convictions; in 1961, however, he abandoned his family for two months and served a short jail sentence in Louisiana for vagrancy.[3] Execution{{moresources|section|date=August 2016}}After Monge had pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity, psychiatrists evaluated him and found him to be sane. He then insisted on pleading guilty to first-degree murder. A jury that was convened for the penalty phase of the trial recommended a death sentence, and Monge's conviction and sentence were affirmed on appeal. In January 1966, Governor John Arthur Love suspended all executions in Colorado, pending a referendum on capital punishment by voters. On November 8, 1966, the voters decided to retain the death penalty by a three-to-one margin. In March 1967, Monge attracted national attention when he asked a Denver court to allow him to be hanged at high noon on the front steps of the Denver City and County Building. This request was denied. The following month, Monge fired his attorneys and directed that no attempts should be made to save his life. He gave up all of his appeals and asked to be executed. Nonetheless, his surviving children appealed for clemency. Doctors again evaluated Monge's mental status and found him mentally competent for execution. A week before his death, Monge shared a final meal with his surviving seven children. On the eve of the execution, some seventy members of the Colorado Council to Abolish Capital Punishment gathered on the steps of the state capitol building in Denver in a rally to protest the execution. On June 2, 1967, Monge was executed at the age of 48 in the state's gas chamber.[4] Upon his death, and according to his wishes, one of Monge's corneas was transplanted to a teenaged reformatory inmate.[5] Monge was buried in Greenwood Pioneer Cemetery in Cañon City, Colorado in the pauper's section set aside for deceased inmates of the state penitentiary.[6] His grave lies a few feet from that of John Bizup, Jr., a convicted murderer executed in 1964. The metal marker indicating Monge's grave has been marred with bullet holes.[7] The Colorado gas chamber, retired after Monge's execution, is now an exhibit at the Museum of Colorado Prisons in Cañon City.[8] MoratoriumOpponents of capital punishment, in an attempt to abolish the death penalty, waged a national litigation campaign that ultimately found its way to the Supreme Court of the United States. The Court agreed to review a series of cases challenging that the death penalty was unconstitutional. While the Supreme Court reviewed these cases, lower courts in all states stayed all pending executions, thereby creating a de facto moratorium on death sentences throughout the nation. The period of this "unofficial" moratorium on capital punishment began on June 2, 1967, with the execution of Luis Monge in Colorado. It would end nearly ten years later on January 17, 1977, with the execution of Gary Gilmore in Utah.[9][10] Execution in contextLuis Jose Monge's was the last execution both in Colorado and in the United States prior to the 1972 Supreme Court decision in Furman v. Georgia.[11] It would be almost ten years before any state would carry out another execution, the state of Utah executed Gary Gilmore on January 17, 1977.[12] The state of Colorado itself took 30 years before it would do so in the execution of Gary Lee Davis, on October 13, 1997.[13][14] Monge's was one of only two executions to occur in the United States in 1967.[15] His was also the last execution by gas chamber in Colorado.[16] See also
References1. ^{{cite news |last1=Langeland |first1=Terje |title=Eye for an Eye |url=https://www.csindy.com/coloradosprings/eye-for-an-eye/Content?oid=1115494 |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=Colorado Springs Independent |date=15 July 2002 |language=en}} 2. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Prendergast |first1=Alan |title=Tonight: Diann Kissell, Daughter of Executed Killer, on Trauma and Healing |url=https://www.westword.com/arts/tonight-diann-kissell-daughter-of-executed-killer-on-trauma-and-healing-5792451 |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=Westword |publisher=Denver Westword LLC. |date=22 August 2014}} 3. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Radelet |first1=Michael |title=The History of the Death Penalty in Colorado |date=2017 |publisher=University Press of Colorado |isbn=9781607325123 |page=242 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P31xDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PA242&ots=zS_jHlte-2&dq=Luis%20Jos%C3%A9%20Monge%20motive&pg=PA242#v=onepage&q=Luis%20Jos%C3%A9%20Monge%20motive&f=false |accessdate=19 December 2018 |language=en}} 4. ^{{cite news |title=Execution gave debate new fury |url=https://www.denverpost.com/2007/10/11/execution-gave-debate-new-fury/ |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=The Denver Post |date=11 October 2007}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://pdweb.coloradodefenders.us/Main_Topics/Topics_Links/Catalogue_of_Colorado_Executions.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2009-06-08 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210064550/http://pdweb.coloradodefenders.us/Main_Topics/Topics_Links/Catalogue_of_Colorado_Executions.html |archivedate=2008-12-10 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web |last1=Thomas |first1=Mary Ann |title=A Short History of Greenwood Pioneer Cemetery |url=http://www.interment.net/column/feature/canon/index.htm |website=interment.net |publisher=Clear Digital Media, Inc. |accessdate=19 December 2018 |date=19 January 2001 |quote=... William Cody Kelly and Luis J. Monge, the first and last to die in the state gas chamber ...}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nB0dLs8N6OkC&pg=PA359&lpg=PA359&dq=%22Luis+Monge%22+murder&source=bl&ots=8mTLrx5TmW&sig=schEuyLXYBzE6kKOTkLVzySDwS0&hl=en&ei=F48rSpP9PMG-tgeypeyvCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9|title=From the Grave: A Roadside Guide to Colorado's Pioneer Cemeteries|work=google.com|accessdate=15 June 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5UNgZt5lKacC&pg=PA231&lpg=PA231&dq=Monge+crime+Colorado&source=bl&ots=GPFEIOgALj&sig=RgvQ7Cwr0qStWr2oA_GbPQu_iGg&hl=en&ei=YJkrSurmEtqwtgeOwvTJCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5|title=Mainliner Denver|work=google.com|accessdate=June 15, 2015}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZhRZycH9NUgC&pg=PA209&lpg=PA209&dq=1967+%22Luis+Monge%22&source=bl&ots=5I-DgjG6J9&sig=elL0szI_AzRnlJEHlz66oz4V9OE&hl=en&ei=qoorSua0EoaGtgfOn9C1CA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10|title=Killing as Punishment|work=google.com|accessdate=15 June 2015}} 10. ^{{cite news |last1=WAXMAN |first1=OLIVIA B. |title=The Story of the Last U.S. Execution Before a Nationwide Moratorium Took Effect 50 Years Ago |url=http://time.com/4801230/last-execution-before-moratorium/ |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=TIME |date=2 June 2017 |language=en}} 11. ^{{cite news |last1=MITCHELL |first1=KIRK |title=Inmates’ thorny histories call out from their graves in Cañon City |url=https://www.denverpost.com/2011/04/06/inmates-thorny-histories-call-out-from-their-graves-in-caon-city/ |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=The Denver Post |date=6 April 2011 |quote=... he was executed June 2, 1967, the last man executed in the U.S. before the Supreme Court in 1972 struck down the broad application of the death penalty}} 12. ^{{cite news |last1=Roberts |first1=Michael |title=Three Ways to Kill the Death Penalty in Colorado |url=https://www.westword.com/news/three-ways-to-kill-the-death-penalty-in-colorado-9914700 |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=Westword |publisher=Denver Westword LLC. |date=27 March 2018}} 13. ^{{cite news |title=Colorado Holds First Execution in 30 Years, Giving Convicted Murderer and Rapist Gary Lee |url=https://apnews.com/b299d6ddd39967e9acc42f95fa90cac5 |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=AP NEWS |date=14 October 1997 |quote=Colorado’s last execution was in 1967 when Luis Jose Monge was put to death for killing family members.}} 14. ^{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=Carol |title=Pentagon team to survey 2 prisons in Colorado for ‘Gitmo North’ |url=https://www.sacbee.com/news/article37428960.html |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=The Sacramento Bee |date=2 October 2015 |quote=Davis, who killed a Byers, Colo., woman in 1986, will be put to death on Monday, Oct. 13}} 15. ^{{cite book |author1=Herbert H. Haines |title=Against capital punishment : the anti-death penalty movement in America, 1972-1994 |date=1996 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780198024934 |page=32 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UT2FbUW1180C&pg=PA32&dq=%22Luis+Jose+Monge%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_rcXt6KvfAhWL0J8KHcRLCHIQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22Luis%20Jose%20Monge%22&f=false |accessdate=19 December 2018 |chapter=Introduction: Death Penalty Abolition in America |quote=... two men were put to death - Aaron Mitchell in California and Luis Jose Monge in Colorado.}} 16. ^{{cite news |last1=Jackson |first1=Steve |title=Murderers' Row |url=https://www.westword.com/news/murderers-row-5067064 |accessdate=19 December 2018 |work=Westword |date=7 June 2001 |quote=The last man executed in the chamber was Luis Jose Monge, killed in 1967 for the murder of ...}} External links
| before= John Bizup - 1964 | title= Executions in Colorado | after= Gary Lee Davis - 1997 | years= }}{{succession box | before= Aaron Mitchell - California - 1967 | title= Executions in the United States | after= Gary Gilmore - Utah - 1977 | years= }}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Monge, Luis Jose}} 13 : 1967 deaths|American people convicted of murder|Executed Puerto Rican people|People convicted of murder by Colorado|20th-century executions by Colorado|Executed American people|People executed by gas chamber|People executed for murder|Puerto Rican people convicted of murder|1918 births|20th-century executions of American people|American murderers of children|Familicides |
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