“Mabel Grouitch”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Mabel Grouitch née Dunlop (August 13, 1872 – August 13, 1956) was an American surgical nurse who worked with the Red Cross during World War I.

Early years and education

Mabel Gordon Dunlop was originally from Clarksburg, West Virginia.^[1] Her father was a prominent railroad man of the early days in Virginia and later in Chicago, Illinois. When she was still a young girl, Grouitch became interested in the study of archaeology and ethnology, to which her father was greatly devoted. After studying at the Chicago University for several years, she went to Athens in 1901 to study archaeology. While a student in Athens she met her husband, Dr. Slavo Grouitch, a member of a distinguished family of Servia, who was at that time Attache of the Serbian Legation in Paris, where their marriage occurred.{{sfn|Logan|1912|p=542}}

Career

Her would later become Serbian Charge d'Affaires at the Court of St James's, London, England.^[1]^[2] {{sfn|Logan|1912|p=542}}

Grouitch devoted herself to the work of up-lifting the women of Serbia. The University at Belgrade admitted women, but in Serbia, a young lady was not permitted to go away from home or into the street unchaperoned. It was these young ladies she wanted to give an education in scientific, cultural, and domestic arts. Grouitch and certain noble women of Belgrade determined to found a boarding school in the city of Belgrade. The wives of the representatives of the Serbian Government at the various courts of Europe helped Grouitch to raise the money for this work. Grouitch was particularly anxious to establish an agricultural course for girls in connection with the University of Belgrade, for the reason, as she said, often where a son cannot be spared to go and study agriculture, because the sons must enter the army, a daughter could be spared and then return to her home and teach the family what she had learned. Grouitch raised a large sum of money from her friends in the United States to assist with these endeavors.{{sfn|Logan|1912|p=542}}

Grouitch raised money for the Serbian Red Cross during the Balkan Wars.^[1] She led seven nurses from the United Kingdom to Serbia in 1914 during the First World War. She became good friends with Flora Sandes (famous for becoming a woman on the front in the World War I).

Mabel Grouitch Baby Hospital

Early in July 1915, Grouitch, now the wife of the under secretary of foreign affairs in Serbia, turned over a sum of money to the American Red Cross, and requested it to organize a unit to consist of two doctors and two nurses to proceed to Serbia with the necessary equipment and supplies to establish a hospital for infants and young children. These funds were collected as a result of her labors from philanthropic people in the United States, and from time to time since then other donations for the hospital came and were added to the fund.

Dr. Louise Tayler Jones, of Washington, D. C, on Grouitch's request, volunteered to proceed to Serbia as medical director and organize the hospital, and Dr. Catherine Travis, of New Britain, Connecticut, was appointed assistant. Maud Metcalf and Grace Utley, two American Red Cross nurses, were assigned to duty as the nursing personnel of the hospital.

Drs. Jones and Travis sailed on the steamship Vasilefs Constantinos, of the National Steam Navigation Co., of Greece, July 19 for Piraeus, and reached Athens August 4. From there, they proceeded to Nic, the temporary capital of Serbia, which they reached August 10. The two nurses sailed July 30 on the steamship Patris, of the Greek Line, with the entire equipment and the supplies for the hospital. They reported to Dr. Jones at Nic August 25.

About August 30, Grouitch arrived in Serbia with Elizabeth Shelley, an American woman, who had been acting as her secretary in the United States, and who proceeded to Serbia to work in the baby hospital as a volunteer nurse.

The hospital was opened at Nic for the reception of patients August 20, 1915, under the name of the Mable Grouitch Baby Hospital.

Dr. Jones, after giving the hospital a good start, sailed from Saloniki, Greece, September 30, and reported in the United States October 22. She was succeeded by Dr. Travis as director. Very soon afterwards, the Austro-German attack on Serbia commenced, and on October 13, the baby hospital ceased to exist as such and became a field ambulance to care for sick and wounded Serbian soldiers.

She died on August 13, 1956 in a Georgetown hospital of leukemia in Washington D.C..

References

Citations

1. ^¹²{{cite news |title=Marshal & Will |newspaper=Time |date=1924-11-05 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,882560,00.html |accessdate=2008-03-29}}
2. ^{{cite news |title=Plea to Knitters Not to Quit Works; Mme. Grouitch Tells of Need in the Balkans |newspaper=New York Times |date=1919-01-05 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9904EFDB1231E433A25756C0A9679C946896D6CF |accessdate=2008-03-29 }}

Attribution