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词条 Mac OS X Lion
释义

  1. Release and distribution

  2. Hardware support

     System requirements 

  3. New or changed features

     Server features  User interface changes  Dropped features 

  4. Reception

  5. Software incompatibilities

  6. Release history

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Distinguish|OS X Mountain Lion}}{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2013}}{{Infobox OS version
|name = Mac OS X 10.7 Lion
|version of = macOS
|logo = OS X Lion icon.png
|logo_size = 100px
|screenshot = Mac OSX Lion screen.png
|caption = Screenshot of Mac OS X 10.7 Lion
|developer = Apple Inc.
| family = {{flat list|
  • Macintosh
  • Unix[1]

}}
|website = {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609062701/http://www.apple.com/macosx/ |date=June 9, 2012 |title=Apple - OS X Lion - The world's most advanced OS. }}
|source_model = Closed, with open source components
|license = Apple Public Source License (APSL) and Apple end-user license agreement (EULA)
|kernel_type = Hybrid (XNU)
|updatemodel = Apple Software Update
|supported_platforms = x86-64
|first_release_date = {{Start date and age|2011|07|20}}[2]
|preview_version =
|preview_date =
|preview_url =
|release_version = 10.7.5 (Build 11G63)
|release_date = {{Start date and age|2012|10|04}}[3]
|preceded_by = Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard
|succeeded_by = OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion
|support_status = Unsupported as of about October 2014;[4] iTunes support ended in September 2015
|other_articles =
|date = November 2010}}{{macOS topics}}

Mac OS X Lion[5] (version 10.7)[6] is the eighth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

A preview of Mac OS X 10.7 Lion was publicly shown at the "Back to the Mac" Apple Special Event on October 20, 2010. It brought many developments made in Apple's iOS, such as an easily navigable display of installed applications, to the Mac, and includes support for the Mac App Store, as introduced in Mac OS X Snow Leopard version 10.6.6.[7][8]

On February 24, 2011, the first developer's preview of Lion (11A390) was released to subscribers to the Apple Developer program.[9] Other developer previews were subsequently released, with Lion Preview 4 (11A480b) being released at WWDC 2011.[10]

Lion was released to manufacturing on July 1, 2011,[11] followed by its final release via the Mac App Store on July 20, 2011. Apple reported over one million Lion sales on the first day of its release.[12] {{As of|2011|October}}, Mac OS X Lion had sold over six million copies worldwide.[13]

Lion is the final release whose development was overseen by Bertrand Serlet, considered the "founding father of Mac OS X".[14]

Release and distribution

On June 6, 2011, at the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference, it was announced that the official release for Lion would be in July 2011. The specific release date of July 20 was not confirmed until the day before, July 19, by Apple CFO, Peter Oppenheimer, as part of Apple's 2011 third-quarter earnings announcement.[15]

Apple did not initially announce any physical media distribution for Lion, such as a set of CD-ROMs or a DVD-ROM as used for past releases. Instead, the operating system was said to be available exclusively as a download from the Mac App Store for US$29.99.[16][17] The only prior version of OS X that supports the Mac App Store is Snow Leopard, which implied that any machines that support Lion currently running Tiger or Leopard would first have to be upgraded to Snow Leopard, as opposed to allowing a direct upgrade to Lion.

Apple later announced two alternative distribution mechanisms for the benefit of users without broadband Internet access: in-store downloads at retail Apple Stores, and a USB flash drive containing the OS, priced at US$69, available through the online Apple Store beginning in August.[18] On August 4, 2011, Apple started to take orders for Mac OS X Lion's USB installation flash drives for $69.99.[19]

The Server portion of Lion is available as a separate download from the Mac App Store for US$49.99, which is in addition to the purchase price of Lion itself.[20]

In July 2012, Lion was removed from the Mac App Store and retail Apple stores following the release of OS X Mountain Lion.[21] Following the removal of Lion from the Mac App Store, customers could still purchase Lion by phone at the reduced price of $20.[22] In October 2013, Lion was returned to the Apple Store website concurrently with Mountain Lion following the release of OS X Mavericks for the convenience of users who cannot run Mavericks on older Mac models.[23]

Hardware support

The first developer preview of Lion added TRIM support for Solid-state drives (SSD) shipped with Macs, which is also included in the latest version of Snow Leopard (10.6.8) shipping with current MacBook Pros before July 20, 2011. Other SSDs have built-in TRIM-like optimization, while yet others require OS patching.[24]

System requirements

  • x86-64 CPU (64-bit Macs, with an Intel Core 2 Duo, Intel Core i5, Intel Core i7, or Xeon processor.)[16][25]
  • At least 2 GB of memory[27]
  • Mac OS X 10.6.6 or later (Mac OS X 10.6.8 is recommended)[27]
  • 7 GB of available space[26]
  • AirDrop is supported on the following Mac models:[26] MacBook Pro (late 2008 or newer), MacBook Air (late 2010 or newer), MacBook (late 2008 or newer), iMac (early 2009 or newer), Mac Mini (mid-2010 or newer), Mac Pro (early 2009 with AirPort Extreme card and mid-2010 or newer).

New or changed features

Some new features were announced at the "Back to the Mac" keynote in October 2010, and the Apple website was updated in February 2011, with more details. Other features were announced at the WWDC 2011 keynote or on Apple's Mac OS X Lion Web site after the keynote. Apple states that there are over 250 new or changed features in Lion, including:

  • Address Book uses an iPad-like user interface. It also includes improved Yahoo support and FaceTime calling.[27]
  • AirDrop – Lion-to-Lion direct file sharing via Wi-Fi Direct, with no wireless access point required.[28]
  • Address space layout randomization – Address space layout randomization (ASLR), a security technique that puts important data in unpredictable locations, making it harder to target known weaknesses, is available for 32-bit applications, and "has been improved for all applications", in Lion.[29]
  • Apple Push Notification Service – Send over-the-air alerts, such as news updates or social networking status changes, using Apple's Push Notification service to applications that support APNS. APNS allows Mac OS X Lion and iOS clients to receive push changes to items such as mail, calendar and contacts from a configured OS X Lion Server.[30]
  • Auto-correction behaves much like on iOS devices, displaying an iOS-like popup box.[31]
  • Auto Save – As in iOS, documents in applications written to use Auto Save are saved automatically so users do not have to worry about manually managing their documents. The Auto Save feature significantly alters traditional workflow patterns and is a controversial addition to the system.[32][33]
  • Emoji support – Apple has added a new Emoji font commonly used in chat to express ideograms.[31][34]
  • Exposé in the Dock, a way of activating Exposé for a single application from the Dock, a feature added in Mac OS X 10.6,[35] is altered. One must double-tap with two fingers on a dock icon to initiate single-application Exposé, or simply right-click or control-click and select Show All Windows.
  • FaceTime comes bundled with Lion.[17]
  • FileVault offers full disk encryption and added security with XTS-AES 128 data encryption. Support for FileVault on external hard drives has also been added.[36]
  • Finder improvements – Finder search allows multiple search criteria to be specified without creating a smart folder, Finder search offers suggestions, files can be grouped by various attributes, and one can merge files under two folders with the same name – a prompt appears asking to replace or keep both files.[37][38] The navigation sidebar lost the ability to show the specific icon of a map{{vague|c=Network mapped volume?; "map icon" sounds like an atlas|date=March 2012}} or volume (by default; there is a hack to still add the old ability), instead it shows a grey standard map icon.
  • Font Book 3 – Font Book 3 provides more flexible displays of character glyphs supplied by a particular font face. Duplicate font files are flagged with a warning icon, and can be fixed automatically or resolved manually.[34]
  • Full-screen apps – Native, system-wide support for full-screen applications running in their own space. Supporting applications display a new button at the top right of application window, this button opens applications in full-screen mode.[39] However, full screen mode is not supported for dual screen setups.
  • High-quality multilingual speech voices – users can download new high-quality voices in more than forty languages and dialects.[40][41]
  • iCal has an updated user interface, an annual view, and support for a full-screen view.[42][43]
  • iChat has support for logging into Yahoo! Messenger. Users can audio- and video-chat with other iChat users using their Yahoo! accounts.[44][45]
  • Languages/Localization – Arabic, Czech, Turkish and Hungarian are added as full system languages, to make the total number of twenty-two languages available in Mac OS X.[46]
  • Launchpad – An application launcher that displays an iOS-like icon grid of installed applications. It features the ability to make multiple pages and group apps into folders that function the same as folders in iOS.[47]
  • Mac App Store – An application store built in the image of the iOS App Store. Like in iOS, it provides ways for shoppers to discover apps, one-click installation of apps, and one-click updates of all or selected installed applications.[8][48][49] Despite being announced as a future feature of Lion, the Mac App Store was released for Mac OS X Snow Leopard on January 6, 2011, as it was bundled with the Mac OS X 10.6.6 update.[50]
  • Mail 5 – Uses an iPad-like user interface, has a fullscreen-optimized view, uses chronological "Conversations" to organize messages,[51] and supports Exchange 2010 (but not through the Exchange ActiveSync protocol, as iOS).[52]
  • Mission Control replaces the "All windows" Exposé feature. It gives an overview of all running applications just like "All windows" but groups windows from the same application. At the top of the screen it gives quick access to the Dashboard, Spaces, and running full-screen applications.[8][53]
  • Multi-touch gestures – Similar to iOS, additional gestures performed using a multi-touch input device (e.g. Magic Mouse, Magic Trackpad) allow the user to scroll, swipe to different pages, and enter Mission Control.[54] While this is not the first official multi-touch support for Mac OS X, it has been expanded; other frameworks, such as Lux,[55] have already created multi-touch support.
  • Multi-User Screen Sharing – The built-in Screen Sharing feature allows remote users to log into a separate user account from the one that is currently logged in. While one user is logged into a machine, a second user can log into the same machine remotely, seeing their own desktop and user environment.[56][57]
  • Preview gains several features, including full-screen support and the ability to sign a document just by holding a signed piece of paper up to the camera.[58][59]
  • Profile Manager provides several features, including push notification-based management of OS X Lion and above.[60]
  • QuickTime reincorporates some features from QuickTime Pro. New features cited include Copy/Paste, Insert Clip, Crop Video, Rotate Video, Resize, Trim, and more Export options.[59]
  • Recovery Partition – Apple has introduced a recovery partition that includes utilities generally found on the OS X discs. This partition permits the user to restore their computer to its original factory state. If the partition were to become damaged or otherwise not available, such as with a new drive, a new copy of OS X Lion can be installed over the internet.[61][62]
  • Resume – Applications resume in the same state when re-opened as already seen in iOS.[63]
  • Safari – With full-screen mode and the new WebKit2 layout engine.[64][65]
  • System Information – This feature is a re-design of System Profiler, which has been completely altered with new views which display graphical information on displays, storage devices, memory usage along with other hardware information. The previous layout remains available by clicking "System Report". Early builds of Lion also used System Information as a replacement for "About This Mac",[66] although the final release reinstated the version of this dialog box found in Snow Leopard.
  • Terminal has extra features, including full screen mode.
  • TextEdit gains a new graphical toolbar with font selection and text highlighting. The new TextEdit also supports Apple's new automatic file saving and versions technologies.[67][68]
  • Versions – Time Machine-like saving and browsing of past versions of documents for applications written to use Versions.[32]
  • Vertical text – Lion supports vertical layouts for East Asian languages.[31][68]

The complete list was on Apple's website but has since been taken down; it can now be found on the Internet Archive.[69] The developer release notes may also be of interest.[70]

Server features

{{Main|Mac OS X Server}}
  • Wiki Server 3 – Making it easier to collaborate, share, and exchange information. Users can quickly switch between a server's home page, My Page, Updates, Wikis, People, and Podcasts. File sharing is simpler, and a new Page Editor is added for easy customization.[20]
  • WebDAV File Sharing – Lion Server delivers wireless file sharing for clients that support WebDAV. Enabling WebDAV in Lion Server gives iOS users the ability to access, copy, and share documents on the server from applications such as Keynote, Numbers, and Pages.[20]
  • Profile Manager – Profile Manager delivers simple, profile-based setup and management for Mac OS X Lion, iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch devices. It also integrates with existing directory services and delivers automatic over-the-air profile updates using the Apple Push Notification service.[20][71]

User interface changes

  • Redesigned Aqua user interface elements, including buttons and progress bars. The red, yellow, and green buttons in the window decorations have also been made smaller, with a slightly changed design.[88]
  • Flexible window resizing from any corner or edge of the window,[72][73] similar to window resizing in Microsoft Windows and many window managers for X11.
  • The metal finish has also been slightly altered. It is a lighter shade of grey and features a speckled texture.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}}
  • Scrollbar arrows have been removed.[74]
  • Scrolling is reversed by default, to act more like a touch screen device, so that content moves in the direction of finger movement on touch-pad or mouse (with the scrollbar moving in the opposite direction), rather than the scrollbar moving in the direction of finger movement (with the content moving in the opposite direction). Also, like in iOS, scrolling "bounces" when the scroll bar hits the top or bottom of the window.[75]
  • When resizing a window by clicking on the green button (left-top), a transform effect animates the enlargement.{{Citation needed|date=February 2011}}
  • New windows fly to the front (like opening an app in iOS).[76]
  • The dashboard is its own space in Mission Control, rather than in previous versions of OS X where the widgets simply flew in and the background dimmed. The "ripple effect" that was seen previously when adding widgets is no longer there due to this change. Users have the option to return to the old dashboard configuration in System Preferences.
  • Tabs, when selected, have a recessed and darkened appearance as opposed to previous versions where selected tabs were highlighted in aqua blue.[77]

Dropped features

  • Save As[78] – replaced by Duplicate and Revert functions due to the introduction of Auto Save and Versions (only applies to applications modified to support Auto Save, such as TextEdit; applications not modified to support Auto Save, such as Microsoft Word, retain this functionality).
  • Front Row,[79] a media center application. The application has been copied into Lion by third-party users, however its incompatibility with iTunes 10.4 renders some features useless.[80]
  • Rosetta, software that makes possible the execution of PowerPC software on x86 hardware, is no longer available.[79] This disables some programs that ran on previous versions of Mac OS X.[81] Programs requiring Rosetta to operate are not allowed to be distributed via the Mac App Store.[82]
  • Adobe Flash Player and Apple's Java Runtime Environment (JRE) are not included in new installations of Lion, but both can still be downloaded and installed manually.[79][83][84] Apple is no longer actively maintaining its JRE, but Software Update offers to download Snow Leopard's JRE when a user tries to run a Java program and the JRE is not installed.[85] Programs using Java are not allowed to be distributed via the Mac App Store.[82]
  • iSync, software used for syncing contacts and calendars to third-party mobile phones, is no longer included;[86] however, iSync v3.1.2 from Snow Leopard continues to work.{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}}
  • Remote Install Mac OS X, software that allows OS X to be installed using the Remote Disk feature. Using Target Disk Mode, users can circumvent this omission.[87] This is replaced by the Recovery Partition, which does exactly the same thing but without needing an external disk, as long as the hard disk is not damaged.
  • Apple USB Modem is not compatible with Lion.[88]
  • QuickTime Streaming Server, software used to deliver video and audio on request to users over a computer network, including the Internet.{{Citation needed|date=July 2012}}
  • WPA Enterprise configuration for wireless networks was replaced by the requirement to obtain a configuration profile.[89]

Reception

Reception for OS X Lion has been mixed; complaints include a substantial backlash by "Pro" users with workflows affected by the Autosave/Revert workflow.[90] Other highly criticized decisions include the change to "natural scrolling",[91] hiding of the scroll bar,[92] the omission of the iSync program necessary to synchronize a Mac with non-Apple mobile devices,[93] as well as abandoned functionality in Exposé[94] and Spaces.[95]

However, in an extensive review of the operating system, Ars Technica recommended Lion.[88] They noted that it feels like it is the start of a new line of operating systems that will continue to be influenced by Apple's iOS platform.[88] The review also compared the introduction of Lion, along with its new conventions that change traditional ways of computing, with the original Mac OS X and when it replaced the classic Mac OS.[96] Macworld called Lion a "radical revision", praising the changes made to the operating system to be more user friendly to new Mac users who are familiar with the iOS interface, while criticizing the limited utility of the interface. Ultimately, the magazine considered Lion an operating system worth getting, giving it 4.5 out of 5 stars.[97] guardian.co.uk called Lion a substantial improvement from its predecessors and considered it a "steal" given its price.[98]

On the other hand, Gizmodo stated that the new interface "feels like a failure" and concluded by saying that "it doesn't feel like a must-have upgrade".[99] Ted Landau of MacObserver also had serious criticism of Lion, reversing his earlier praise of Autosave and writing, "Auto Save takes irritatingly long when working with large documents. Still others lament the loss of the Save As… command, noting that the new Duplicate option is not as convenient to use. The consensus is that none of this would matter much — if you could disable Auto Save. If you like how it works, leave things as is. Otherwise, get rid of it. But Lion offers no way to turn Auto Save off. This is the heart of the "my way or the highway" complaint. A posting sums it up: "The new features are intrusive, non-respectful of the users' choices, and cannot be changed."[90]

Due to Lion's enhanced security features, including application sandboxing, Dino Dai Zovi, principal of security consultancy Trail of Bits and the coauthor (with Charles Miller) of The Mac Hacker's Handbook, characterized Lion's security as "a significant improvement, and the best way that I've described the level of security in Lion is that it's Windows 7, plus, plus. I generally tell Mac users that if they care about security, they should upgrade to Lion sooner rather than later, and the same goes for Windows users, too."[100]

Software incompatibilities

  • Applications depending on Rosetta, such as Office for Mac 2004,[101] AppleWorks,[102] and early versions of Quicken for Mac 2007,[103] are no longer supported. This affects applications listed as Classic or PowerPC in System Profiler.
  • Unix package managers for Mac OS X such as Fink[104] and MacPorts[105] require reinstalling and then running Xcode.

Release history

VersionBuild[106]DateOS nameNotesStandalone download
10.711A511July 20, 2011Darwin 11.0Original retail Mac App Store releaseAvailable from the Mac App Store
11A511sAugust 16, 2011Original retail USB Thumb Drive release[107]{{n/a}}
11A2061 [108]July 20, 2011Darwin 11.0.2For Mid 2011 Mac Mini (11A2061) and Mid 2011 MacBook Air (11A2063)Lion Internet Recovery[109] ({{keypress|Cmd|Opt|R}} upon reboot on Mid-2011 or later Macs)
11A2063
10.7.111B26August 16, 2011Darwin 11.1.0 About the OS X Lion v10.7.1 Update Mac OS X v10.7.1 Update
11B2118For the Mid 2011 Mac Mini and Mid 2011 MacBook Air Mac OS X v10.7.1 Update for MacBook Air and Mac Mini 2011
10.7.211C74October 12, 2011Darwin 11.2About the OS X Lion v10.7.2 Update
Adds iCloud, various bug fixes, minor user interface tweaks, Safari 5.1.1, and the ability to boot into Lion Recovery from a Time Machine disk.		Individual update(delta)

Combo update (includes 10.7.1)

10.7.311D50February 1, 2012Darwin 11.3About the OS X Lion v10.7.3 Update
Various bug fixes, Safari 5.1.3, adds Catalan, Croatian, Greek, Hebrew, Romanian, Slovak, Thai, and Ukrainian language support.		Mac OS X v10.7.3 Individual update

Combo update (includes 10.7.1-10.7.2)

10.7.411E53May 9, 2012Darwin 11.4About the OS X Lion v10.7.4 Update
Various bug fixes, Safari 5.1.6.		Mac OS X v10.7.4 Individual update

Combo update (includes 10.7.1-10.7.3)

10.7.511G56September 19, 2012Darwin 11.4.2About the OS X Lion v10.7.5 Update
Various bug fixes, Safari 5.1.7, adds Gatekeeper functionality.		Mac OS X v10.7.5 Individual update

Combo update (includes 10.7.1-10.7.4)

11G63October 4, 2012

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26. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/specs.html |title=Apple – OS X Lion – Technical specifications |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819025331/http://www.apple.com/macosx/specs.html |archive-date=August 19, 2011 |dead-url=yes |publisher=Apple Inc. |accessdate=August 15, 2011 |df= }}
27. ^{{cite web|title=AirDrop|url=http://www.thegraphicmac.com/mac-os-x-lion-screenshots|publisher=The Graphic Mac|accessdate=March 18, 2011}}
28. ^{{cite web|title=AirDrop|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#airdrop|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#airdrop|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
29. ^{{cite web|title=Security|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#security|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#security|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
30. ^{{cite web|title=Apple Developer - What's New in Lion|url=https://developer.apple.com/technologies/mac/whats-new.html|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 25, 2011}}
31. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Text|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#text|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#text|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
32. ^1 {{cite web|title=Auto Save and Versions – Every edit, every rewrite. Saved.|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/auto-save.html||archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104041754/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/auto-save.html|archivedate=January 4, 2012|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=April 8, 2018}}
33. ^{{cite web|title=OS X Lion: About Auto Save and Versions|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4753|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=April 8, 2018}}
34. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/27/inside_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_font_book_3_emoji_support.html |title=Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: Font Book 3, Emoji support |publisher=AppleInsider |date=February 27, 2011 |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
35. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/what-is-macosx/expose.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201215404/http://www.apple.com/macosx/what-is-macosx/expose.html |archivedate=December 1, 2010 |title=What is Mac OS X? – Exposé |publisher=Apple Inc. |accessdate=December 6, 2010}}
36. ^{{cite web|title=FileVault 2|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#filevault2|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#filevault2|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
37. ^{{cite web|title=Finder|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#finder|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#finder|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
38. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/27/inside_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_new_finder_search_item_arrangement_views.html |title=Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: New Finder search, item arrangement views |date=February 27, 2011 |publisher=AppleInsider |accessdate=February 27, 2011}}
39. ^{{cite web|title=Full-Screen Apps – Work and play without distractions.|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/full-screen.html|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}
40. ^{{cite web|title=Accessibility|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#accessibility|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#accessibility|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/11/03/02/inside_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_dozens_of_high_quality_new_multilingual_speech_voices.html |title=Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: Dozens of new high quality multilingual speech voices |date=March 2, 2011 |publisher=AppleInsider |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
42. ^{{cite web|title=iCal|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#ical|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#ical|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
43. ^{{cite web|title=Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: iCal 4.0 gets annual view, iPad appearance|url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/04/01/mac_os_x_10_7_lion_ical_4_0_gets_annual_view_ipad_appearance.html|date=April 1, 2011|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}
44. ^{{cite web|title=iChat|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#ichat6|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#ichat6|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
45. ^{{cite web|title=More Lion features: iChat does Yahoo! IM, does iOS key menus, Live Preview|url=http://www.9to5mac.com/54041/more-lion-features-ichat-does-yahoo-im-does-ios-key-menus|publisher=9 to 5 Mac|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}
46. ^{{cite web|title=System – New system languages.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#system|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#system|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
47. ^{{cite web|title=Launchpad – Instant access to all your apps.|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/launchpad.html|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}
48. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/mac/app-store |title=App Store – Buy, download, and install apps made for Mac |publisher=Apple Inc. |accessdate=June 7, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608075917/http://www.apple.com/mac/app-store/ |archivedate=June 8, 2011 }}
49. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/10/10/20/apples_new_mac_app_store_coming_to_snow_leopard_within_90_days.html |title=Apple's new Mac App Store coming to Snow Leopard within 90 days |author=AppleInsider Staff |date=October 20, 2010 |publisher=AppleInsider |accessdate=October 24, 2010}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/dl1343|title=Mac OS X v10.6.6 Update|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=February 24, 2011}}
51. ^{{cite web|title=Mail – The smartest email app you'll ever use.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020711/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/mail.html |url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/mail.html|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
52. ^{{cite web|title=Mail|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#mail|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#mail||archivedate=January 4, 2012|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
53. ^{{cite web|title=Mission Control – A bird's eye view of everything.|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/mission-control.html|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}
54. ^{{cite web|title=Multi-Touch Gestures – More natural control of your Mac.|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/gestures.html|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}
55. ^{{cite web|url=https://gizmodo.com/391103/full+screen-multitouch-mac-os-x-is-here-but-not-from-apple|title=Full-Screen Multitouch Mac OS X Is Here (But Not from Apple) |publisher=Gizmodo|accessdate=January 23, 2011}}
56. ^{{cite web|title=Screen Sharing|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#screensharing|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#screensharing|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
57. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/03/31/mac_os_x_10_7_lion_to_introduce_multi_user_screen_sharing.html |title=Mac OS X 10.7 Lion to introduce multi-user Screen Sharing |publisher=AppleInsider |date=March 31, 2011 |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
58. ^{{cite web|title=Preview|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#preview|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#preview|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
59. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.macrumors.com/2011/02/27/mac-os-x-lion-drops-powerpc-emulation-adds-quicktime-pro-features-much-more/ |title=Mac OS X Lion: Drops PowerPC Emulation, Adds QuickTime Pro Features, Much More |author=Arnold Kim |date=February 27, 2011 |publisher=MacRumors |accessdate=February 27, 2011}}
60. ^{{cite web |url=http://krypted.com/iphone/configuring-using-profile-manager-2-in-os-x-mountain-lion-server/ |title=Configuring & Using Profile Manager 2 in OS X Mountain Lion Server |author=Charles Edge |date=February 27, 2012 |publisher=Krypted.com |accessdate=April 27, 2013}}
61. ^{{cite web|title=Lion Recovery|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#lionrecovery|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#lionrecovery|archivedate=January 4, 2012|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
62. ^{{cite web|last=Martin |first=David W. |url=http://www.cultofmac.com/mac-os-x-lion-adds-recovery-partition-support-gallery/83737 |title=Mac OS X Lion Adds Recovery Partition Support [Gallery |publisher=Cult of Mac |date=February 25, 2011 |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
63. ^{{cite web|title=Resume|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#resume|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#resume|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
64. ^{{cite web|title=Safari|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#safari|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#safari|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
65. ^{{cite web|title=WebKit2 Coming To OS X Lion, iOS 5 Could Be Next|url=http://www.applegazette.com/os-x/webkit2-coming-to-os-x-lion-ios-5-could-be-next/ |publisher=Apple Gazette |date=February 27, 2011 |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
66. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/26/mac_os_x_lion_adds_new_ios_like_about_this_mac_app.html |title=Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: new iOS-like About this Mac app |publisher=AppleInsider |date=February 26, 2011 |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
67. ^{{cite web|title=TextEdit|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#textedit|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#textedit|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
68. ^1 {{cite web|title=Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: TextEdit adds vertical layout, graphical toolbar|url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/04/08/inside_mac_os_x_10_7_lion_textedit_adds_vertical_layout_graphical_toolbar.html|accessdate=June 6, 2011}}
69. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html |title=OS X Lion – Over 250 new features. Read about all of them (via Internet Archive) |publisher=Apple Inc. |accessdate=June 21, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623030050/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html |archivedate=June 23, 2011 }}
70. ^{{cite web|title=What's New in OS X: OS X Lion v10.7|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/releasenotes/MacOSX/WhatsNewInOSX/Articles/MacOSX10_7.html|publisher=Apple, Inc.|accessdate=19 December 2014}}
71. ^{{cite web|last=Finley |first=Klint |url=http://www.readwriteweb.com/enterprise/2011/02/is-osx-lion-server-more-eviden.php |title=Is OSX Lion Server More Evidence That Apple is Gunning for the Enterprise? |publisher=ReadWrite |date=February 24, 2011 |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
72. ^{{cite web|title=Other Features|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104020714/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#other|url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#other|archivedate=January 4, 2012 |publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 26, 2014}}
73. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/25/inside_mac_os_x_lion_new_window_controlsgestures.html |title=Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: New window controls & gestures |publisher=AppleInsider |date=February 25, 2011 |accessdate=June 7, 2011}}
74. ^{{cite web|url=http://osxdaily.com/2011/12/09/no-scrollbar-arrows-mac-os-x-lion-workaround/ |title=Workaround for Having No Scrollbar Arrows in Mac OS X Lion |publisher=osxdaily.com |date=December 9, 2011 |accessdate=December 13, 2012}}
75. ^{{cite web|title=System Preferences |url=https://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#systempreferences |publisher=Apple Inc. |accessdate=June 10, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609095332/http://www.apple.com/macosx/whats-new/features.html#systempreferencesl |archivedate=June 9, 2011 |df= }}
76. ^{{cite web|last=Siracusa |first=John |url=https://arstechnica.com/apple/reviews/2011/07/mac-os-x-10-7.ars/3 |title=Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: the Ars Technica review |publisher=Ars Technica|date=July 20, 2011 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
77. ^{{cite web|title=Inside Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: Developer Preview 3 dials down animated tabs|url=http://forums.appleinsider.com/showthread.php?threadid=123512#other|publisher=AppleInsider |date=April 29, 2011 |accessdate=July 12, 2011}}
78. ^Lifehacker: Bring Back "Save As" in Mac OS X Lion (Sort Of)
79. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/11/02/26/mac_os_x_lion_drops_front_row_java_runtime_rosetta.html |title=Mac OS X Lion drops Front Row, Java runtime, Rosetta |date=February 26, 2011 |publisher=AppleInsider |accessdate=February 27, 2011}}
80. ^{{cite web |url=http://9to5mac.com/2011/07/19/os-x-lion-kills-front-row-heres-how-to-get-it-back/ |title=OS X Lion kills Front Row… here's how to get it back! |author=Mark Gurman |date=July 19, 2011 |publisher=9 to 5 Mac |accessdate=October 7, 2011}}
81. ^{{cite news|last=Mackenzie |first=Iain |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14437653 |title=When to pull the plug on old software |publisher=BBC News Online |date=August 11, 2011 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
82. ^1 {{cite web|last=Metz |first=Cade |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/02/27/no_java_in_mac_os_x_lion/ |title=Apple vanishes Java from Mac OS X Lion |work=The Register |location=U.K. |date=February 27, 2011 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
83. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2010/10/20/macbook-air-all-substance-no-flash/ |title=MacBook Air: all substance, no Flash |publisher=Engadget |date=October 20, 2010 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
84. ^{{cite web|url=http://daringfireball.net/2010/10/apple_no_longer_bundling_flash_with_mac_os_x |title=Apple Is No Longer Bundling Flash Player With Mac OS X |publisher=Daring Fireball |date=October 22, 2010 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
85. ^{{cite web|last=Kessler|first=Topher|title=Java for OS X Lion available from Apple|url=http://reviews.cnet.com/8301-13727_7-20081032-263/java-for-os-x-lion-available-from-apple/|publisher=CNET|accessdate=July 25, 2011}}
86. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KIpxWwz7eKUC&pg=PA714&dq=iSync+on+os+x+lion&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSmKfb1dnUAhUS1GMKHcbtDBgQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=iSync%20on%20os%20x%20lion&f=false|title=Mac OS X Lion Bible|last=Gruman|first=Galen|date=2011-08-23|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781118023761|language=en}}
87. ^{{cite web|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2129|title=Reinstalling software using Remote Install Mac OS X v10.5 and v10.6|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=August 3, 2011}}
88. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cultofmac.com/mac-os-x-lion-says-good-bye-to-analog-communications-modems |title=Mac OS X Lion Says Good-Bye To Analog Communications [Modems] |author=David W. Martin |date=August 15, 2011 |publisher=Cult of Mac |accessdate=August 16, 2011}}
89. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.wi-fiplanet.com/tutorials/configuring-802.1x-in-mac-os-x-lion-and-later.html |title= Configuring 802.1X in Mac OS X Lion and Later | author=Eric Geier |date=October 7, 2011 |accessdate=August 4, 2012}}
90. ^1 {{cite web|author=Ted Landau |url=http://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/discontent_with_lions_my_way_or_the_highway_approach/ |title=Discontent with Lion's "My Way or the Highway" Approach |publisher=The Mac Observer |date= |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
91. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/mac-os-x-lion-natural-scrolling-2011-7|title=Here's Why Mac OS X Lion's "Natural Scrolling" Feels So Horribly Unnatural|website=Business Insider|author=Ellis Hamburger|date=July 21, 2011}}
92. ^How to make Lion more like Snow Leopard | Macworld
93. ^{{cite web|author=Anupam Sengupta|url=http://slashusr.wordpress.com/2011/07/22/the-missing-isync-in-os-x-lion-and-what-to-do-about-it/|title=The missing iSync in OS X Lion}}
94. ^{{cite web |author=Julian Saraceni|title=My take on Application Exposé in Lion|url=http://www.ainotenshi.org/920/my-take-on-application-expose-in-lion}}
95. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.command-prompt.com/2011/07/26/how-to-fix-everything-thats-wrong-with-lion-part-five/|title=How To Fix Everything That's Wrong With Lion - Part Five|author=Seth|date=July 26, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630083947/http://www.command-prompt.com/2011/07/26/how-to-fix-everything-thats-wrong-with-lion-part-five/|archive-date=June 30, 2012}}
96. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=https://arstechnica.com/apple/reviews/2011/07/mac-os-x-10-7.ars/|title=Mac OS X 10.7 Lion: the Ars Technica review|last=Siracusa|first=John|date=July 20, 2011|publisher=Ars Technica }}
97. ^{{cite news|accessdate=July 21, 2011 |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/161026/2011/07/osx_lion_review.html |title=Apple OS X Lion |newspaper=Macworld |date=July 20, 2011 |last=Snell |first=Jason}}
98. ^{{cite web |accessdate=July 21, 2011 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/jul/20/mac-osx-lion-review |title=Mac OS X Lion: in-depth review with pictures |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=July 20, 2011 |last=Gemmell |first=Matt }}
99. ^{{cite news|accessdate=July 24, 2011 |url=https://gizmodo.com/5819418/mac-os-x-lion-this-is-not-the-future-we-were-hoping-for |title=Mac OS X Lion: This Is Not the Future We Were Hoping For |publisher=Gizmodo |date=July 11, 2011 |last=Diaz |first=Jesus}}
100. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/07/21/mac_os_x_lion_security/ |title= Major overhaul makes OS X Lion king of security|newspaper=The Register |first=Dan |last=Goodin |date=July 21, 2011 |accessdate=July 23, 2011}}
101. ^{{cite web|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2586538 |title=Known issues with Office for Mac on Mac OS 10.7 (Lion) |publisher=Microsoft |date=July 23, 2011 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
102. ^{{cite web|last=Breen |first=Christopher |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/1160843/last_appleworks.html |title=Last call for AppleWorks users |work=Macworld |date= |accessdate=May 19, 2013}}
103. ^{{cite web|last=Breen |first=Christopher |url=http://www.macworld.com/article/160497/2011/06/lions_nixrosetta.html |title=Lion and the Rosetta dead-end |work=Macworld |date= |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
104. ^{{cite web|author=  |url=http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.os.apple.fink.core/2351 |title=Plans for Lion |publisher=Comments.gmane.org |date= |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
105. ^{{cite web|url=https://trac.macports.org/wiki/Migration |title=Migrating a MacPorts install to a new major OS version or CPU architecture |publisher=Trac.macports.org |date= |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
106. ^{{cite web |url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1633 |title=Mac OS X: About This Mac "build" information |publisher=Apple Inc.|date=April 14, 2010 |accessdate=April 26, 2010}}
107. ^{{cite web|url=http://store.apple.com/us/product/MD256Z/A |title=OS X Lion USB Thumb Drive - Apple Store (U.S.) |publisher=Apple Inc. |date= |accessdate=February 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112080803/http://store.apple.com/us/product/MD256Z/A |archivedate=January 12, 2012 }}
108. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/apple/lion-build-number-bingo-11a511-vs-11a2061-vs-11a2063/10714 |title=Lion build number Bingo: 11A511 vs. 11A2061 vs. 11A2063 |publisher=ZDNet |date=July 29, 2011 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}
109. ^{{cite web|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4718 |title=OS X Lion: About Lion Recovery |publisher=Apple Inc. |date=January 5, 2012 |accessdate=February 1, 2012}}

External links

  • {{Official website|https://www.apple.com/support/lion/}}
{{S-start}} {{Succession box
| title = Mac OS X 10.7
| years =2011
| before = Mac OS X 10.6
| after = OS X 10.8
}}{{S-end}}{{macOS}}{{Apple Inc. operating systems}}{{Apple Inc.}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mac OS X V10.7}}

4 : MacOS|X86-64 operating systems|2011 software|Computer-related introductions in 2011
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