| 词条 | Laverton, Western Australia |
| 释义 |
| name = Laverton | state = wa | image = | caption = | lga = Shire of Laverton | coordinates = {{coord|28|37|40|S|122|24|11|E|display=inline,title}} | postcode = 6440 | est = 1898[1] | pop = 340 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes =[1] | elevation= 461 | maxtemp = 27.3 | mintemp = 13.2 | rainfall = 232.5 | stategov = Kalgoorlie | fedgov = O'Connor | dist1 = 957 | dir1 = NNE | location1= Perth | dist2 = 124 | dir2 = ENE | location2= Leonora | dist3 = | location3= }}Laverton, originally known as British Flag, is a town in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia, and the centre of administration for the Shire of Laverton. The town of Laverton is located at the western edge of the Great Victoria Desert, {{convert|957|km|mi|0}} north-northeast of the state capital, Perth, and {{convert|124|km|mi|0}} east-northeast of the town of Leonora with an elevation of 461 m.[2] About 20% of the population is of Aboriginal descent. The area is semi-arid, with a mean annual rainfall of {{convert|233|mm|in}}.[3] It is also quite warm, with mean daily maximum temperatures ranging from 17 °C (62 °F) in July to 36 °C (97 °F) in January. Laverton is the westernmost town on the Outback Way - a proposed highway which goes through the Northern Territory to Winton in outback Queensland. HistoryA number of early explorers travelled over the Laverton area, including John Forrest,[4] David Carnegie and Frank Hann. Gold was discovered in the British Flag area in 1896 and many prospectors and miners moved into the area. Among them was Dr Charles W. Laver, who became an enthusiastic supporter and promoter of the region.[5] One of the most successful mines was Craiggiemore, and by 1897 a residential and business area known as British Flag had sprung up on the west side of the mine. In March 1898 a townsite was approved as Laverton, in honour of Dr Laver.[6][7] In 1899, the residents sought to have a townsite surveyed, but by then the original Craiggiemore location had become unsuitable, so a new site was chosen about three kilometres north of the original lots. The new site was surveyed in July 1899 and the town of Laverton gazetted in July 1900. By the late 1960s, Laverton was in decline, mainly because of the very low price of gold. In 1968 a Poseidon prospector Ken Shirley discovered nickel-bearing rocks at Windarra, 24 km northwest of Laverton.[8] In 1969 Poseidon began drilling Windarra. In September rumours of a nickel strike prompted the famous Poseidon bubble. The deposit was developed by Western Mining and its partners into the Windarra Nickel Project, which mined and processed nickel ore from 1974 to 1991.[9] Modern industryLaverton is primarily a mining area. There are two major operating gold mines in the district: the Wallaby Mine near Granny Smith, owned and operated by Gold Fields, and the Sunrise Dam Gold Mine, owned and operated by AngloGold Ashanti. Both open pit and underground mining is conducted at these mines. The Murrin Murrin laterite nickel project[10] is located 55 km to the west, midway between Laverton and Leonora. The area has a long history of pastoralism with sheep, cattle and goats, and a substantial area of land is used in this way. DemographicsAccording to census results from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the population of the Laverton urban centre fell 23%, from 439 to 340 in the 15 years from 2001 to 2016. Over this same period the population of Aboriginal people decreased by 45%, from 38% to 20.8% of the town. ClimateLaverton has a semi-arid climate with hot summers and mild to cool winters. {{Weather box|location = Laverton |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 47.8 |Feb record high C = 46.7 |Mar record high C = 45.2 |Apr record high C = 41.7 |May record high C = 35.6 |Jun record high C = 30.2 |Jul record high C = 28.9 |Aug record high C = 33.0 |Sep record high C = 37.7 |Oct record high C = 40.8 |Nov record high C = 44.4 |Dec record high C = 47.8 |year record high C = 47.8 |Jan high C = 37.1 |Feb high C = 35.3 |Mar high C = 32.7 |Apr high C = 27.9 |May high C = 22.8 |Jun high C = 19.0 |Jul high C = 18.5 |Aug high C = 20.6 |Sep high C = 24.8 |Oct high C = 28.8 |Nov high C = 32.2 |Dec high C = 35.3 |year high C = 27.9 |Jan low C = 21.7 |Feb low C = 20.9 |Mar low C = 18.6 |Apr low C = 14.8 |May low C = 10.2 |Jun low C = 7.3 |Jul low C = 6.1 |Aug low C = 6.9 |Sep low C = 10.0 |Oct low C = 13.6 |Nov low C = 17.0 |Dec low C = 20.0 |year low C = 13.9 |Jan record low C = 12.6 |Feb record low C = 10.6 |Mar record low C = 8.4 |Apr record low C =3.1 |May record low C = 0.7 |Jun record low C = -2.8 |Jul record low C = -1.7 |Aug record low C = 0.3 |Sep record low C = 1.8 |Oct record low C = 3.6 |Nov record low C = 4.0 |Dec record low C = 9.5 |year record low C = -2.8 |Jan precipitation mm =24.0 |Feb precipitation mm = 31.0 |Mar precipitation mm = 28.5 |Apr precipitation mm = 20.6 |May precipitation mm = 24.1 |Jun precipitation mm = 25.1 |Jul precipitation mm = 19.0 |Aug precipitation mm = 16.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 8.9 |Oct precipitation mm = 9.1 |Nov precipitation mm = 12.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 16.7 |year precipitation mm = 235.4 |Jan precipitation days =3.2 |Feb precipitation days = 3.6 |Mar precipitation days =3.8 |Apr precipitation days = 3.5 |May precipitation days = 4.3 |Jun precipitation days =5.4 |Jul precipitation days = 5.2 |Aug precipitation days = 4.0 |Sep precipitation days = 2.6 |Oct precipitation days = 2.4 |Nov precipitation days = 2.8 |Dec precipitation days = 3.1 |year precipitation days = 43.9 |source 1 =[11] |date=October 2011 }} See also
References1. ^{{Census 2016 AUS|id=UCL522036|name=Laverton (L) (Urban Centre/Locality)|quick=on|accessdate=20 March 2018}} {{Towns Goldfields-Esperance WA}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_012045.shtml|title=Bureau of Meteorology - Climate statistics for Laverton|year=2008|accessdate=2008-08-29}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Summary statistics - Laverton (1899-2016) |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_012045.shtml |website=Climate statistics for Australian locations|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia, Bureau of Meteorology|accessdate=20 December 2016|date=15 Dec 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.australiasgoldenoutback.com/en/Kalgoorlie+and+Goldfields/Towns/Laverton.htm|title= Australia's Golden Outback - Laverton|year=2008|accessdate=2008-08-29}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=Notes from the Goldfields |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3204515 |accessdate=26 January 2016|work=The West Australian |date=15 August 1898|location=Perth,WA|page=3}} 6. ^1 {{cite news|title=News nd Notes|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3196943|accessdate=2 March 2016|work=The West Australian|date=11 March 1898|location=Perth, WA|page=4}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=Mining News|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/217328632|accessdate=2 March 2016|work=Coolgardie Miner|date=1 December 1898|page=7}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.laverton.wa.gov.au/|title=Welcome to the Shire of Laverton|year=2008|accessdate=2008-08-29|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080718162228/http://www.laverton.wa.gov.au/|archivedate=2008-07-18|df=}} 9. ^{{cite news|last1=Sykes|first1=Trevor|title=Norm Shierlaw: Miner's punt on Poseidon paid dividends|url=http://www.smh.com.au/comment/obituaries/norm-shierlaw-miners-punt-on-poseidon-paid-dividends-20131002-2usmc.html|accessdate=28 February 2016|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=3 October 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/House/committee/primind/pestanimals/subs/sub007.pdf|title=Shire of Laverton - Submission #7|year=2004|accessdate=2008-08-29}} 11. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_012046_All.shtml| publisher = Bureau of Meteorology |title = Climate statistics for Laverton|accessdate = 15 October 2011}} 3 : Towns in Western Australia|Mining towns in Western Australia|Goldfields-Esperance |
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