“Maelsuthan Ua Cerbhail”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Maelsuthan was a chief of the Eoghanacht of Loch Lein, a branch of a powerful southern Irish tribe that settled around the Lakes of Killarney.^[5] He likely received his early education at the monastery on the island of Innisfallen^[6] and later became the school's head.^[7] There he oversaw the future king Brian's education at the monastery.^[8] Maelsuthan began his relationship with Brian Boru as a tutor, but Brian went from pupil to royal and Maelsuthan became his anmchara (an advisor a confessor).^[9] After Brian won the high kingship, he went on a triumphal tour throughout Ireland. To secure the backing of the Church, he stopped in Armagh where he laid twenty ounces of gold on the altar of the cathedral and recognised the supremacy of Armagh over the other churches of Ireland.^[10] Maelsuthan accompanied the king during the trip (but this is contested by Denis Casey- ) and documented the royal donation in the Book of Armagh.

In the passage, still extant in Maelsuthan's own handwriting, Maelsuthan refers to himself as "Calvus Perennis" a translation of "ever-bald," the meaning of his Gaelic name.^[12] Maelsuthan also refers to "Maceria," the Latin for Cashel.^[13]

A poem by Maelsuthan is found in Geoffrey Keating's Foras Feasa ar Éirinn, as follows-

"Columcille said to the king that it was right to set aside many of the filés, as they were so numerous. But he advised him to maintain a filé as his own chief ollamh after the example of the kings who went before him, and that each provincial king should have an ollamh, and, moreover, that each lord of a cantred or district in Ireland should have an ollamh, and Columcille proposed this plan and Aodh assented to it; and it was to celebrate this benefit which Columcille conferred on the filés that Maolsuthain composed this stanza:

According to one observer, Maelsuthan may have been a Bishop of Aghadoe. Irish princes regularly became bishops in the later part of their lives. Maelsuthain was interred in Aghadoe Cathedral, another sign he may have been that cathedral's bishop.^[14]

Little historical documentation remains of Maelsuthan's life, but scholars have found a few legendary tales. One, translated from a 1434 manuscript,^[18] tells the story of Maelsuthan and three pupils who came from Ulster to be taught by Ireland's great sage.^[19] Maelsuthan teaches the students for three years after which the students tell their tutor that they want to take a pilgrimage to Jerusalem to walk the same paths as Christ. Maelsuthan asks for payment for his three years of instruction, and the students offer to stay for three-year to labour for him. Maelsuthan refuses the offer and tells the three that they will go on their pilgrimage and all three will die together. Maelsuthan demands that the three come to him and tell him when he will die and his fate in the afterlife. The three travel to the Holy Land, and Maelsuthan's prediction comes true. The three ask the Archangel Michael what will become of Maelsuthan's life and soul, and the angel replies that he will live for three and a half years and is damned for the sins of promiscuity, interpreting the holy scripture too loosely, and abandoning the Altus (an Irish hymn).^[20] The three fly to Maelsuthan in the form of doves and tell him what they learned.^[21] Maelsuthan repents. He had abandoned the Altus when his recitations of the hymn failed to save his son Maelpatrick from a deadly disease,^[22] but he promises to say the prayer seven times a night. He promises to interpret the holy scripture strictly, and offers three days of fasting a week and a hundred genuflections a day.^[23] After three years, the three students return to Maelsuthan and take him to the place he earned in Heaven.^[24]

Works cited

References

1. ^Healy, 500.
2. ^Healy, 500.
3. ^Healy, 500–501.
4. ^O'Donoghue, 240.
5. ^Healy, 501.
6. ^"Early Irish Manuscripts of Munster," 85.
7. ^Healy, 501.
8. ^The Monitor, 309.
9. ^Healy, 502.
10. ^Curtis, 24–25.
11. ^Healy, 501.
12. ^Healy, 501.
13. ^Healy, 501.
14. ^O'Donoghue, 241.
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100004/index.html |title=Annals of Inisfallen |publisher=Ucc.ie |date= |accessdate=2015-02-26}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/ |title=The Annals of Ulster |publisher=Ucc.ie |date= |accessdate=2015-02-26}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100005B/index.html |title=Annals of the Four Masters |publisher=Ucc.ie |date= |accessdate=2015-02-26}}
18. ^O'Curry, 76.
19. ^O'Curry, 76.
20. ^O'Curry, 77.
21. ^O'Curry, 78.
22. ^O'Curry, 78.
23. ^O'Curry, 78.
24. ^O'Curry, 78.
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HP96AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA85&dq=maelsuthain&hl=en&ei=YBLaTK33LIH_8AaWh5zLCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=maelsuthain&f=false |title=Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2015-02-26}}
26. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=MBWlzwiYaS4 ]{{dead link|date=February 2015}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SJNnAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA76&lpg=PA76&dq=maelsuthain&source=bl&ots=M15QbDrGK7&sig=VvcNvnvuw8Xz4buI7L0naqo6dFU&hl=en&ei=VxLaTKyKDIep8AaxqfnPDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=maelsuthain&f=false |title=Lectures on the Manuscript Materials of Ancient Irish History: Delivered at ... - Eugene O'Curry - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2015-02-26}}