请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Magnae Dobunnorum
释义

  1. Name

  2. History

  3. References

{{Disputed title|date=August 2015}}Magnae, sometimes Magnae Dobunnorum (Latin for "The Greats of the Dobunni") to distinguish it from the Magnae of the Carvetii in northern Britain,{{refn|Both names are sometimes also given as Magnis, the form under which it appears in the Antonine Itinerary owing to Latin's declensions. It is also sometimes misspelled as singular Magna.}} was a Romano-British town and an important market centre for the British Dobunni tribe, located near modern-day Kenchester in Herefordshire, England. The town was shaped as an irregular hexagon, with a single main street along the line of the main Roman Road running east–west through the area, and an irregular pattern of side streets with tightly packed buildings leading off it.[1]

Name

The Roman town is securely identified with the "Magnis" which appears both in the Antonine Itinerary and Ravenna Cosmography.[2] The town is today sometimes referred to under the name "Magna".[3] However, the town was not a colonia, nor a tribal capital,[4] and Rivet and Smith derive the name from the Celtic word maen meaning 'stone' or 'rock'.[5] The name may apply to the hills visible to the north of Kenchester.[6]

History

The ruins of a Roman temple possibly associated with a high-status Roman villa, which may have connections to Magnae, lie inside the Weir Garden by the River Wye. There is an octagonal cistern filled by a spring, and a ruined buttress by the river. These are the highest standing Roman ruins in Herefordshire.[7][8]

Earthen defences have been found dating from the 2nd century, with later stone defences being built by the 4th century and occupation likely to have continued into the 5th century.[9]

In the Sub-Roman Period, the fort formed a citadel of the British kingdom of Pengwern.

After Pengwern was overrun, the town was the base of the Mercian subkingdom of Magonsaete.[10]

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.roman-britain.org/places/magnis.htm|title=MAGNIS Romano-British Town|accessdate=2009-06-07|work=www.roman-britain.org|publisher=Togodumnus|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210182900/http://www.roman-britain.org/places/magnis.htm|archivedate=2009-02-10|df=}}
2. ^{{Cite book|last1=Burnham|first1=|last2=Wacher|first2=J. S.|title=The Small Towns of Roman Britain|year=1990|page=76|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=0520073037}}
3. ^{{Cite book|last1=Darvill|first1=Timothy|last2=Stamper|first2=Paul|last3=Timby|first3=Jane|title=England: An Oxford Archaeological Guide to Sites from Earliest Times to AD 1600|year=2002|page=204|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0192841017}}
4. ^{{Cite book|last=Durant|first=Gladys May|title=Journey into Roman Britain|year=1957|page=183|publisher=W. W. Norton}}
5. ^{{Cite book|last1=Rivet|first1=A.L.F|last2=Smith|first2=Colin|title=The Place-Names of Roman Britain|year=1979|page=407|publisher=Batsford|isbn=0713420774}}
6. ^{{Cite book|last=Hines|first=John|title=The Anglo-Saxons from the Migration Period to the Eighth Century: An Ethnographic Perspective|year=2003|page=74|publisher=Boydell Press|isbn=1843830345}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.roman-britain.org/places/weir_gardens.htm |accessdate=2013-04-04 |work=www.Roman-Britain.org |title=Suspected Romano-British Temple, The Weir Gardens |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130064323/http://www.roman-britain.org/places/weir_gardens.htm |archivedate=2012-01-30 |df= }}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.herefordshire.gov.uk/htt/smrSearch/Monuments/Monument_Item.aspx?ID=718 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130505133924/http://www.herefordshire.gov.uk/htt/smrSearch/Monuments/Monument_Item.aspx?ID=718 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2013-05-05 |accessdate=2013-04-04 |work=Herefordshire Monuments Search |title=Roman Riverside Building Complex, The Weir Garden }}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=108086|title=MAGNIS|accessdate=2009-05-07|work=Pastscape - National Monuments Record|publisher=English Heritage}}
10. ^{{cite book|last=Kirby|first=D. P.|title=The earliest English kings|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fzhk_DvzqSkC&pg=PA9|accessdate=2009-06-07|year=2000|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0-415-24210-X|page=9}}
{{coord|52.081|-2.818|type:landmark_region:GB-HEF|display=title}}

3 : History of Herefordshire|Roman towns and cities in England|Former populated places in Herefordshire
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/9/22 1:00:45