| 词条 | Magnus Forteman |
| 释义 |
According to this saga he was the first of the 17 potestates of Friesland in the period after the Kings of Friesland, a period of Charlemagne until Albert of Saxony (800–1498). The saga relates that Magnus was the leader of the army of Frisians in the conquest of Rome. The eyes of Pope Leo III were pulled out[1] and he was expelled from Rome by a group of nobles that did not accept his authority. With 700 "discerning" Frisians, Magnus reconquered Rome from these nobles. They entered Rome at night by a small port that had become visible through low water level in the Tiber. Through the Flavian gardens, they went to St. Peter's and when they were discovered there a battle ensued. Magnus flew his banner clearly visible on top of the church, creating confusion. There were no prisoners, and the Frisians were in Saint Peter's Square up to their ankles in blood. When asked by the emperor, Magnus requested no payment by way of nobility, but instead requested the right to freedom, and free speech forever, for all Frisians. Their courage was rewarded with the Karelsprivilege, Friezenprivilege, Vrijheidsprivilege, libertas Frisonica or Previlegii Frisiorum Caroli Magni. According to the legend the Frisians elected Magnus, that is all Frisian freemen the born as well as the unborn, as long as the wind blows the clouds and the world lasts. Also Charles gave them a golden crown in the shield, and a half eagle in their coat of arms, as a token that they had received freedom from the Emperor.[2] According to the legend, Magnus was the founder of Church of Santi Michele e Magno, the Friezenkerk in Rome{{Citation needed|date=December 2009}}. His father ws said to be Gustavus Forteman who founded the first Christian church in 777 in Friesland, the Cathedral of Almenum. Magnus was killed in the fight against the Saracens and then became sacrosanct. Generally this story is considered as a myth and the Karelsprivilege as a forgery, although the acclaimed proviledge were confirmed by sereval kings and popes. Also Jancko Douwama mentions the conquest of Rome by Magnus, the risk and reward in the form of the Karelsprivilege in his "Book of the Parties" in 1525. References
1. ^According to Einhard, Vita Caroli Magni 28, but in fact it was no more than an attempt. {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Forteman, Magnus}}2. ^Binkes, p. 52. 2 : Potestaats of Friesland|Frisian warriors |
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