| 词条 | Manchester School of Art |
| 释义 |
|name = Manchester School of Art |image_name = Manchester School of Art Logo.png |image_size = 153px |motto = Many Arts, Many Skills |type = Public |city = Manchester |state = |country = England |website = http://www.artdes.mmu.ac.uk/ |logo = }}Manchester School of Art in Manchester, England, was established in 1838 as the Manchester School of Design. It is the second oldest art school in the United Kingdom after the Royal College of Art which was founded the same year.[1] HistoryThe school opened in the basement of the Manchester Royal Institution on Mosley Street. It became the School of Art in 1853 and moved to Cavendish Street in 1880. It was subsequently named the Municipal School of Art. In 1880, the school admitted female students, at the time the only higher education available to women, although men and women were segregated. The school was extended in 1897.{{sfn|Hartwell|2002|p=132|ps=}} The school became part of Manchester Polytechnic in 1970 and is now a faculty of the Manchester Metropolitan University. Its 175th anniversary in 2013 was marked by the opening of a new building and the refurbishment of the Chatham Tower. The school comprises four departments, the Manchester School of Architecture (MSA), formed in 1996 and jointly administered with the University of Manchester, and the Departments of Art, Design and Media which incorporates the Manchester School of Theatre.[1] as well as Manchester School of Art Research Centre. ArchitectureThe Manchester Municipal School of Art was built in Cavendish Street in 1880–81 to the designs of G.T.Redmayne. On a rectangular plan it was constructed in sandstone ashlar with buff terracotta dressings. It is two storeys high above a basement and has slate roofs with glazed skylights. Its symmetrical facade, built in the Neo-Gothic style, has large gabled wings with pinnacles at either side of its buttressed and blind arcaded main range. In the centre is a chamfered doorway with a moulded arched head and carved spandrels above which is a canted oriel window with a steep roof against a gable with pinnacles and a finial at the top. The building is Grade II listed.[2] The 1897 extension designed by Joseph Gibbon Sankey, at the rear of the building, was built in red brick and terracotta with Art Nouveau decoration.{{sfn|Hartwell|2002|p=132|ps=}} In 2014 the 1960s Chatham Tower was refurbished and a new extension built, to provide additional studio and exhibition space for the art school. The design, by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios, was shortlisted for the Stirling Prize in the same year. [3] PeopleCalico printers Edmund Potter and James Thomson were involved in the school's foundation.[4]{{sfn|Henderson|Barrie|1975|p=90|ps=}} The first head from 1838 was John Zephaniah Bell, who pursued a fine art curriculum until 1843.{{sfn|Bosbach|Filmer-Sankey|2000|p=113|ps=}} John Cassidy studied in 1883 and taught here for a year in 1887.[5] Walter Crane was the Director of Design from 1893 to 1898.[6] Adolphe Valette was a teacher there from 1906 to 1920.[7] Its graduates include L.S. Lowry, Eugene Halliday, Liam Spencer, Ossie Clark, Martin Parr, Malcolm Garrett, Peter Saville, Thomas Heatherwick and Roger Hampson. Sylvia Pankhurst was a student at the school.[8] Susan Dacre and Annie Swynnerton formed the Society of Women Painters and Swynnerton became the first woman to be elected to the Royal Academy since its inception in 1768.[9]John Mayall enrolled at the School of Art in the 1950s. Other notable musicians to attend the school include Mick Hucknall, who studied Fine Art in the 1980s and formed Simply Red.[10][11]CollectionsWhen founded, the school promoted the Arts and Crafts movement's philosophy and its collection includes metalwork, jewellery, wallpapers, a tapestry made by Morris & Co. designed by Edward Burne-Jones, Whitefriars glass by James Powell and Sons and George Henry Walton, silverware by Charles Robert Ashbee and ceramics from Pilkington's Art Pottery.[6] ReferencesNotes1. ^1 {{citation | url=http://www.artdes.mmu.ac.uk/about/| title= About us | publisher= Manchester Metropolitan University | accessdate=11 October 2012}} Bibliography{{refbegin}}2. ^{{NHLE |num= 1293192|desc= Manchester Polytechnic School of Art|accessdate= 11 October 2012 |mode=cs2}} 3. ^{{cite news|last1=Glendinning|first1=Amy|title=Manchester School of Art shortlisted for top architecture award|url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/manchester-school-art-riba-shortlist-7445001|accessdate=7 April 2018|publisher=Manchester Evening News|date=18 July 2014}} 4. ^{{cite ODNB|id=53288|title=Potter, Edmund|first=M.|last=Hewitt}} 5. ^{{citation|url=http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib1_1202142856|title=John Cassidy RCA, RBS |work= Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951|publisher=University of Glasgow |accessdate=20 May 2017}} 6. ^1 {{citation | url=http://www.specialcollections.mmu.ac.uk/schoola.php| title= Manchester School of Art | publisher= Manchester Metropolitan University | accessdate=11 October 2012}} 7. ^{{citation|title=Adolphe Valette A French Painter in Manchester |url=http://www.manchestergalleries.org/assets/files/gallery-text-panel---adolphe-valette.pdf |publisher=Manchester Art Gallery |accessdate=11 October 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705214222/http://www.manchestergalleries.org/assets/files/gallery-text-panel---adolphe-valette.pdf |archivedate=5 July 2008 |df= }} 8. ^{{Cite ODNB|id=37833|title=Pankhurst, (Estelle) Sylvia (1882–1960) }} 9. ^{{Cite ODNB|id=60287|title=Swynnerton [née Robinson], Annie Louisa (1844–1933)}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-manchester-20076598/mick-hucknall-thanks-manchester-for-amazing-start |title=Mick Hucknall thanks Manchester for 'amazing start' |author= |date=24 October 2012 |website=bbc.co.uk|access-date=29 November 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-news/9903633/Mick-Hucknall-on-his-daily-routine-going-solo-and-etching.html |title=Mick Hucknall on his daily routine, going solo and etching |last=Wintle |first=Angela |date=23 February 2013 |website=telegraph.co.uk |access-date=29 November 2018}}
External links{{commons category|Manchester School of Art}}
8 : Manchester Metropolitan University|Art schools in England|Grade II listed buildings in Manchester|Art Nouveau architecture in Manchester|Art Nouveau educational buildings|School buildings completed in 1881|School buildings completed in 1897|1881 establishments in England |
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