| 词条 | Manila Zoo |
| 释义 |
|zoo_name = Manila Zoo |logo = |logo_width = |logo_caption = |image = MZandBGjf9906 02.JPG |image_width = 250px |image_caption = The entrance to Manila Zoo |date_opened = {{start date|1959|07|25}}[1] |date_closed = |location = Adriatico Street, Malate, Manila, Philippines |coordinates = {{Coord|14.5647412|120.9886014|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} |area = {{Convert|5.5|ha|acre}}[1] |num_animals = ~1000 (2015) |num_species = 90 (2015) |members = |annual_visitors = 480,000+ [3] |exhibits = |owner = |publictransit=Rail:
|website = }} The Manila Zoo, formally known as the Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden,[1] is a {{Convert|5.5|ha|acre|sing=on}} zoo located in Malate, Manila, Philippines that opened on July 25, 1959.[2] AnimalsThe Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden is home to about a thousand animals from 90 species as of April 2015.[3] The zoo's most popular resident is Mali, an Asian elephant who arrived at the zoo in 1977 as 3 year old calf transported from Sri Lanka, after being poached from the wild.[4] Other Animals residing in Manila Zoo includes a Bengal tiger, Malayan civet, monitor lizard and hippopotamus. Many of the animals of the zoo were born in captivity with three month-old juveniles recently born in April 2015. The zoo management is planning to transfer many of its animals to a separate breeding area or sanctuary outside Metro Manila due to over congestion in the zoo. The zoo is planned to be just an exhibit area.[3] Wildlife Rescue CenterThe Wildlife Rescue Center serves as temporary shelter and repository for confiscated, donated, retrieved, sick, injured and abandoned wildlife species. The Wildlife Rescue Center has been the subject of public scrutiny in regard to their animal welfare standards.[5] Botanical GardenThe Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden is home to many plant collections, from the botanically rich and diverse Philippine Islands and South Pacific region.
Kinder ZooThe Kinder Zoo within Manila Zoo was a result of a private-public partnership between Kinder Zoo, Inc. and the city government. Kinder Zoo, Inc. redeveloped {{Convert|3000|sqm|sqft}} of the zoo into an area named Kinder Zoo. The area was designed as a child-friendly area where children can interact with some animals of the zoo. The area featured a butterfly sanctuary, a hanging bridge, a flamingo pond, a barn for events, and a petting zoo upon its opening on June 23, 2000.[6] [7]Animal WelfareThe Manila Zoo by law must operate in accordance to the Animal Welfare Act of 1998 (also known as Republic Act 8485).[8] The purpose of the Act is to ensure that all terrestrial, aquatic and marine animals in the Philippines have their physical and psychological needs met in ways that promote well-being.[9] Inquiries have been made into the compliance of the Manila Zoo with this Act. CriticismThe zoo has been criticized due to its inadequate animal care[14] and dirty surroundings.[10] The zoo is responding with efforts to make the animal habitats as comfortable and natural as possible, such as by adding trees and vegetation, and expanding the enclosures. Treatment of Mali the ElephantMali is the only Elephant in the Manila zoo, known as the world's loneliest elephant and the only captive elephant in the Philippines, and she is the subject of a campaign from animal rights organization, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PeTA).[11] A report issued by PeTA points out the numerous issues regarding Mali being kept in captivity.[12] Calls for the closure of the zooIn 2007 PeTA called for the boycott and closure of Manila Zoo as part of its global campaign against zoos claiming that zoos are never beneficial to animals. The animal rights group supported proposals to convert the zoo into a sporting coliseum to be used by the Philippine Basketball Association. Some local vendors operating in the zoo opposed PeTA's calls citing its negative effect on their livelihood and then Mayor Alfredo Lim said calls to close the zoo, which he described as a city landmark, were unwarranted and claimed that the zoo's animals were well taken care of.[13][14][15] RehabilitationIt was stated that a total of 1.5 billion pesos would be allocated for the rehabilitation of the 5.5 hectare botanical park. However, this project was put on hold. [16][17] References1. ^{{cite news|last1=Melican|first1=Nathaniel|title=P1.5-B rehab program to turn Manila Zoo into world-class attraction starts in July|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/692838/p1-5-b-rehab-program-to-turn-manila-zoo-into-world-class-attraction-starts-in-july#ixzz3bEPGhx4c|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=22 May 2015}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden|url=http://manila.gov.ph/tourism/manila-zoological-and-botanical-garden/|website=Manila City Government|publisher=Manila City Government|accessdate=28 May 2015}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|last1=Manongdo|first1=Jenny|title=Major facelift in the offing for aging Manila Zoo|url=http://www.mb.com.ph/major-facelift-in-the-offing-for- -manila-zoo/#cDJOUzqqfuvwPmRy.99|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=Manila Bulletin}} 4. ^{{cite news|last1=Parry|first1=Tom|title=All by myself: World's loneliest elephant kept in solitary for 35 years|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/weird-news/mali-the-elephant-has-been-in-solitary-for-35-1154237|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=Mirror|date=22 July 2012}} 5. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1207/s15327604jaws0801_5|pmid=16004545|title=Welfare Evaluations of Nonhuman Animals in Selected Zoos in the Philippines|journal=Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science|volume=8|issue=1|pages=59–68|year=2005|last1=Almazan|first1=Ronnel R.|last2=Rubio|first2=Roberto P.|last3=Agoramoorthy|first3=Govindasamy}} 6. ^{{cite news|last1=Enriquez|first1=Marge|title=A gentler, kinder zoo|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XFM1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZyUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1237%2C15682901|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer - Lifestyle|date=4 August 2000|pages=4}} 7. ^{{cite news|last1=Enriquez|first1=Marge|title=A gentler, kinder zoo|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XFM1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZyUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=951%2C15696630|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer - Lifestyle|date=4 August 2000|pages=6}} 8. ^http://www.gov.ph/2011/07/14/the-presidential-spokesperson-on-the-manila-zoo-july-14-2011/ 9. ^{{cite web|title=Republic Act No. 10631|url=http://www.gov.ph/2013/10/03/republic-act-no-10631/|accessdate=28 May 2015|archivedate=3 October 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | title =Activists bare naked truth about Manila Zoo | work = | publisher =abs-cbnNEWS.com | date =April 28, 2009 | url =http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/04/28/09/activists-bare-naked-truth-about-manila-zoo | accessdate =December 17, 2010}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Mali Needs Your Help|url=http://www.petaasiapacific.com/feature-free-mali.asp|website=PETAAsiaPacific.com|publisher=PETA Asia Ltd.|accessdate=28 May 2015}} 12. ^{{cite journal|title=Mali: The Manila Zoo's Aging and Ailing Elephant|date=17 September 2009|url=http://www.petaasiapacific.com/pdf/MaliReport.pdf|publisher=PETA Asia Pacific}} 13. ^1 {{cite news|title=Manila Zoo won't be closed down - Lim|url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/60486/news/nation/manila-zoo-won-t-be-closed-down-lim|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=GMA News|date=14 September 2007}} 14. ^{{cite news|last1=Santos|first1=Tina|title=Peta presses campaign for zoo closure|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=YFY1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=giUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2313%2C5760005|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=14 September 2007}} 15. ^{{cite news|last1=Basco|first1=Humberto|title=No to conversion of zoo into coliseum|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2510&dat=20070712&id=jFU1AAAAIBAJ&sjid=gCUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3192,4620071&hl=en|accessdate=28 May 2015|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=12 July 2007}} 16. ^http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/755853/mayor-estrada-promise-of-manila-zoo-rehab-on-hold 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://kickerdaily.com/manila-zoo-soon-to-be-world-class-after-rehabilitation/|title=Manila Zoo soon to be world class after rehabilitation |accessdate=June 2, 2015 |publisher=Kicker Daily News}} External links{{Commons Category|Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden}}{{Parks and plazas in Manila}}{{Manila attractions}} 7 : Zoos in Metro Manila|Botanical gardens in the Philippines|Parks in Manila|Buildings and structures in Malate, Manila|Tourist attractions in Manila|Zoos established in 1959|1959 establishments in the Philippines |
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