| 词条 | Marathi Christians |
| 释义 |
|group=Marathi Christian Marathi Christi |langs=Marathi |rels=Christianity, Predominantly Protestant (Anglican, Methodist, evangelical) Roman Catholic a minority. |region1={{flagicon|India}} India (Maharashtra) |pop1=~1.06 million |related=Marathi people, Indo-Aryans}} Marathi Christians or Marathi Christi are an ethno-religious community residing in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Only three percent of people in Maharashtra are Christians. Marathi Christians are one of two Christian ethnic communities in Maharashtra. The other group, East Indians, are predominantly Catholic, and are concentrated in coastal Maharashtra, especially the districts of Thane, Palghar, Mumbai. Most Marathi Christians are Protestants with some Catholics living in Ahmednagar, Solapur, Nashik, Pune, Aurangabad, and Jalna, Ecumenical cooperation between Catholic and Protestant Marathi Christians is generally greater than in other communities, and the literacy rate of Marathi Christians is very high. HistoryMost Marathi Christians are converts from Hinduism, as a result of Christian missions such as the American Marathi Mission, Church Mission Society, and the Church of England's SPG Mission.[1] Several high class Hindus also converted to Christianity, such as In 1842 Ramkrishna Modak, a Chitpavan Brahman and ancestor of Marathi actor Shahu Modak and became Rev. Modak, and Narayan Waman Tilak, also one Muslim, Shaikh dadud.[2] Today Ahmednagar district has a fairly large Christian population. [3] Around the turn of the 18th century, British Baptist missionary William Carey was instrumental in translating the Bible into the Marathi language.[4] Literate Hindu converts from high castes, such as Brahmin, often served as religious instructors to others. Culture{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2016}}Marathi Christian culture resembles that of Hindu culture in areas such as dress and cuisine. Many Marathi Christians maintain the Hindu customs of mangalsutras, and decoration of brides and grooms with turmeric. The Marathi poet Narayan Wamanrao Tilak believed a Hindu-Christian synthesis was impossible unless the native Christian religion had deep roots in Indian culture, so he trained Marathi Christians to worship and sing bhajans and kirtans. Most Christian converts in Ahmednagar kept their Hindu names, but preferred Christian names for their children. Christians from Ahmednagar form one endogamous community, although the Hindu caste system still affects marriage patterns. At Christmas, a special type of "doughnut" is made from cookie batter in most Marathi Christian households. By districtAhmednagar{{Refimprove section|date=August 2016|talk=Talk page section name|small=y}}During a famine In 1831, Protestant Christian missionaries from the United States came to the area for famine relief and to spread the word about Jesus. In 1842, one organisation Dnyanodaya started to Cater the poor by few Missionaries like, Mrs. Allan & Reed, Later followed by Rev. Farebank and Rev. Hume. There were women missionaries who befriended local ladies and carried the message of Christ door to door among high and low castes. They were persecuted, insulted, once by dirty water being thrown at a woman missionary. Gradually the message of Christ influenced the minds of some high caste Hindus, Acceptance of Christianity by a few upper caste Hindus raised a hue and cry in the coterie of Hindus. As of 2000, Christians make up 10 percent of the Ahmadnagar district population, a significant number of whom are located in the eastern part of the district like, Nevasa, Pathardi, Shevgaon, Rahuri and Ahmednagar{{Citation needed|reason=Your explanation here|date=November 2016}}. The followers of the American Marathi Mission are found throughout the Ahmadnagar district, except in the southwest. [5] A majority of them are Protestants, and the largest denomination is the Church of North India. Most villages have their own churches. Most Christians in Ahmadnagar are part of the Mahar social group; where in other part of Maharashtra, many of these people converted to Buddhism. NashikChristians are found throughout Nashik, although they only account for 0.13 percent of the population. The only Christian village is Sharanpur, or the City of Refuge, which was founded by the Reverend W.S. Price of the Church Mission Society in 1854. In 1860, the mission established an asylum in Mumbai for freed African slaves, who were taught to read and write Marathi and English. In 1874, the asylum was disestablished, and the former slaves returned to Kenya, where they formed a Christian village in Mombasa.[6] Palghar{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2016}}During British raj, European and American missionaries established missions in Palghar and Dahanu in Thane district. Most of the converted Christian community from these areas belong to the Church of North India. This Community is as highly educated and affluent as the Catholic Christian community from the neighboring Vasai.Christian from Vasai bassein are mostly Koli ,Aagri and vadhval christi,Samvedi Brahmin Christians. PuneAccording to the 1951 census the Christian Population of the Pune district was 37,243, including Europeans, and Anglo-Indians. However, emigration since then has made the Christian community of Pune almost exclusively Indian, and governed to a great extent by Indian priests and pastors. About half of Pune Catholics are of Goan origins, descendents of early Goan Christians who came to serve as gunners in the Maratha army. Protestant churches in the district include St. Paul Church, the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, and the Church of Holy Angels, Rasta Peth. Catholic churches include St. Patrick Cathedral, St. Francis Xavier, St. Anne, and Immaculate Conception.[7] Aurangabad{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2016}}Basically foreign missionaries landed in This area and started spreading the good news to the down trodden and needy people and they accepted Christianity. Number of people are Roman Catholic's and others are of different denominatios. Aurangabad is head city for Catholic's as it has its Cathedral and Bishop house in Cantonment area work is monitored of whole of marathwada mainly in field of Educational, health, and social work SolapurMost Christians in Solapur are Marathi speaking people converted by the American Marathi Mission, which was established in Solapur in 1862. Solapur Christians share a common local culture with their Ahmednagar counterparts.[8] YavatmalThe American Free Methodist church maintains missions at Yavatmal, Wani, Umri, Rajur and Darwah.[9] Notable Marathi Christians
See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/pdf/gazeetter_reprint/Ahmadnagar/pop_musalmans.html#2 |title=Gazetteers Of The Bombay Presidency - Ahmadnagar |publisher=Maharashtra.gov.in |accessdate=13 November 2011}} 2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://ahmednagar.nic.in/gazetteer/his_modern_period.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=5 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429221048/http://www.ahmednagar.nic.in/gazetteer/his_modern_period.html |archive-date=29 April 2012 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 3. ^http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Ahmadnagar/his_modern_period.html 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.languageinindia.com/april2001/carey.html |title=William Carey |publisher=Languageinindia.com |date=2 April 2001 |accessdate=13 January 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101207034641/http://languageinindia.com/april2001/carey.html |archivedate=7 December 2010 |df= }} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://ahmednagar.nic.in/gazetteer/people_population_religion.html |title=The Gazetteers Department - Ahmadnagar |publisher=Ahmednagar.nic.in |accessdate=13 January 2011}} 6. ^Nasik Gazetters 7. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722021700/http://maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/gazetteer.php?level=2&showFile=1&gazetteerSqlId=20020426123560&gazetteerMainId=&gazetteerFile2Id=20020427104752&distId=25&gazId=20020426074254&pubYear=&fileExists=1&headingSqlName=The+People+And+Their+Culture&chapter= ]{{dead link|date=November 2011}} 8. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100330012839/http://maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Solapur/people_christians.html |date=30 March 2010 }} 9. ^http://maharashtra.gov.in/english/.../people_marriage%20morals.html External linksChristmas doughnut https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christmas_doughnut.jpg
Christmas doughnut https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Christmas_doughnut.jpg 5 : Christian communities of India|Christianity in Mumbai|Ethnic groups in Mumbai|Social groups of Maharashtra|Ethnoreligious groups in India |
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