| 词条 | Marianna O'Gallagher |
| 释义 |
Marianna O'Gallagher, {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|CM|CQ}} (March 24, 1929 – May 24, 2010) was an Irish Quebecer historian from Quebec City. A former member of the Sisters of Charity of Halifax, she wrote extensively on the history of the Irish in Quebec City, was involved in the creation of Grosse Isle National Historic Site and the revival of the Quebec City Saint Patrick's Day celebrations. BiographyO'Gallagher was born in Sainte-Foy, Quebec, in 1929, one of six siblings born to Norma (née O'Neil) and Dermot O'Gallagher, both Irish-Canadians; her father was a land surveyor and previous mayor of the city (now merged into Quebec City).[3][4] Her paternal grandfather, Jeremiah Gallagher, designed the Celtic cross erected on Grosse Isle in 1909 by the Ancient Order of Hibernians; the twelve-meter monument is the largest Celtic cross in North America.[5][6] She entered the Sisters of Charity of Halifax in 1952[5] and taught in Nova Scotia and New England, before she settled back in Quebec City, where she taught for 25 years at St. Patrick's High School there.[3][4] Over that time she earned a Bachelor's degree in History from Halifax's Mount Saint Vincent University, later followed by a Master's degree from the University of Ottawa.[5][6][2] Her thesis was about Quebec City's St. Patrick's Church,[3][6] and her interest in Irish-Quebecer history would continue for her whole life.[1][5] In 1973, O'Gallagher was allowed by the federal government (who had owned it since the establishment of the quarantine station) to visit Grosse Isle, which she found in a state of disrepair. This marked the beginning of her efforts to have the site federally recognized. She founded Irish Heritage Quebec the same year, an organization dedicated to the local promotion of Irish-Canadian history.[3][3][5][6] She remained president of Irish Heritage Quebec until 2009.[4] The 1980s marked the beginning of O'Gallagher's community work. She founded bilingual publisher Carraig Books in 1981. In 1983 she started a committee for the designation of Grosse Isle; these efforts came to fruition with the 1984 designation of the island as a historic site, a designation augmented in 1988 to that of National Historic Site of Canada. Meanwhile, in 1985, she had left the religious community.[5][23][24] She is credited with almost single-handed responsibility in the creation of the National Historic Site.[3][6][27] In 1997, she spearheaded a series of events in Quebec City, the Irish Summer ({{lang-fr|L'Été des Irlandais}}).[28][29] {{Quote box|align=right|width=290px|qalign=right|salign=left|quote="Though for some odd reason she was almost always referred to as "a former nun," a more unlikely ex-nun would have been hard to imagine. She was large, cheerful, almost dominating any group where Quebec Irish heritage was being discussed, and head-and-shoulders the most knowledgeable."|source=Reminiscences of an encounter during a 1993 event at Grosse Isle.[30]}}O'Gallagher spent the rest of her life writing books and articles on Irish-Canadian history, for which she became a major figure in the Canadian Irish studies community. The Canadian Association for Irish Studies had, days before her death, established an annual lecture named after her.[1][32] She was the recipient of the Canadian Catholic Historical Association's G. E. Clerk Award in 1999,[5][34] of the Order of Quebec in 1998,[28] and the Order of Canada in 2002.[36] She was repeatedly included in Irish Americas Global 100 lists,[28][38] and was a member of the organizing committee for Quebec City's 2008 400th anniversary celebrations.[3] O'Gallagher was hospitalized in April 2010, upon which it was discovered that she had advanced lung cancer, despite not being a smoker herself.[27][41] She died, having never married, on May 24, 2010, aged 81. A few months earlier, she had been Grand Marshal to Quebec City's first Saint Patrick's Days parade in 80 years,[1][43] and she was at the time amongst the people featured in the exposition Being Irish O'Quebec at Montreal's McCord Museum.[44] Partial bibliography{{refbegin}}
ReferencesNotes1. ^Conroy Street is now known as Louis-Alexandre Taschereau Street ({{lang-fr|Rue Louis-Alexandre-Taschereau}}); Marianna herself grew in a house on Chemin Saint-Louis, in Sainte-Foy, now occupied by a Manoir Sainte Foy, an Italian restaurant. References{{reflist|refs=[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]2. ^Although the Globe and Mail states it to be a doctorate, all other sources agree that it was a Master's degree. 3. ^It is not clear which event occurred first or whether one was a cause of the other. 4. ^1 2 {{cite news |last= Asselin |first= Pierre |title=Les Irlandais de Québec en deuil |trans-title=Quebec City's Irish in Mourning |url=http://www.cyberpresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/societe/201005/25/01-4283721-les-irlandais-de-quebec-en-deuil.php |date=May 26, 2010 |page=12 |work=Le Soleil |accessdate=July 21, 2010|language=fr}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |last= Asselin |first= Pierre |title=Marianna O'Gallagher: la passion venue des racines |trans-title=Marianna O'Gallagher:Passion from Tradition |url=http://www.cyberpresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/societe/201005/25/01-4283723-marianna-ogallagher-la-passion-venue-des-racines.php |date=May 27, 2010 |page=13 |newspaper=Le Soleil |accessdate=July 21, 2010|language=fr}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |last= Farquharson |first= Danine |title=In Memoriam|url= http://www.irishstudies.ca/announcements/in-memoriam/|date=May 26, 2010 |publisher=Canadian Association for Irish Studies |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 7. ^1 {{cite news |last=Caouette |first=Marie |title=Saint-Patrick: Québec commémore la Grande Famine |trans-title=St Patrick's: Quebec City Commemorates the Great Famine |date=March 18, 1997 |newspaper= Le Soleil |page=A6 |language=fr}} 8. ^1 {{cite news |title=Quebec-Irish leader O'Gallagher laid to rest |url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/montreal/story/2010/06/01/marianna-ogallagher-obituary.html |date=June 1, 2010 |publisher=CBC |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 9. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.umanitoba.ca/colleges/st_pauls/ccha/Annual%20CCHA%20Awards%20page.html|title=Annual CCHA Awards |publisher=Canadian Catholic Historical Association |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Historian preserved Grosse Île heritage |url=https://montrealgazette.com/life/Historian+preserved+Grosse+heritage/3071361/story.html |date=May 26, 2010 |newspaper=The Gazette |accessdate=July 21, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528002802/http://www.montrealgazette.com/life/Historian%2Bpreserved%2BGrosse%2Bheritage/3071361/story.html |archivedate=May 28, 2010 |df= }} 11. ^1 {{cite web |title=O'Gallagher, Marianna |url=http://www.irishcentral.com/business/lists/global_100/Marianna-OGallagher-41258252.html |year=2009 |work=The Global 100: The Canadians |publisher=Irish America |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 12. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite news |title=Historian honoured fallen Irish of Grosse Île|url= http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/obituaries/2010/0529/1224271392381.html|date=May 29, 2010 |work=The Irish Times |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news |last=Little |first=Pierre |title=Marianna O’Gallagher dies at 81|url=http://www.qctonline.com/marianna-o-gallagher-dies-81 |date=May 26, 2010 |work=Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 14. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news |last=Sustak |first=Alan |date=June 10, 2010 |title=Former nun was an advocate for the history of the Irish in Quebec |newspaper= The Globe and Mail |url=http://v1.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20100610.OBOGALLAGHERATL/BDAStory/BDA/deaths |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 15. ^1 {{cite news |last=Dassylva |first=Martial |title=Un parc en devenir |trans-title=A Coming Park |date=June 23, 1995 |newspaper=Le Soleil |page=G1 |language=fr}} 16. ^1 {{cite web|title=Being Irish O'Quebec: Complete texts of the exhibition presented at the McCord Museum|date=March 20, 2009|publisher=McCord Museum|url=http://www.mccord-museum.qc.ca/pdf/exhibits/Texte_Irish_EN.pdf|accessdate=July 21, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614163631/http://www.mccord-museum.qc.ca/pdf/exhibits/Texte_Irish_EN.pdf|archivedate=June 14, 2011|df=}} 17. ^1 {{cite news |last=McKee |first=Fraser |title=I Remember / Marianna O'Gallagher |url=http://v1.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20100616.IREMMCKEEATL//TPStory/Obituaries |date=June 16, 2010 |work=The Globe and Mail |accessdate=July 21, 2010 }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 18. ^1 {{cite web |title=Marianna O'Gallagher, C.M., C.Q., M.A. |url=http://archive.gg.ca/honours/search-recherche/honours-desc.asp?lang=e&TypeID=orc&id=6381 |date= May 24, 2010 |work=Order of Canada |publisher=Office of the Governor General of Canada |accessdate=July 21, 2010}} 19. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title=Marianna O'Gallagher |url=http://www.ordre-national.gouv.qc.ca/membres/membre.asp?id=292 |date=May 2007 |work=Ordre national du Québec: Répertoire des membres |publisher=Ministère du Conseil exécutif |accessdate=February 16, 2012|language=fr}} 20. ^1 {{cite news |last=Pelchat |first=Pierre |title=Québec aura son défilé de la St-Patrick |trans-title=Quebec to Get St. Patty's Parade |date=February 18, 2010 |url= http://www.cyberpresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/societe/201002/18/01-953063-quebec-aura-son-defile-de-la-st-patrick.php |newspaper= Le Soleil |accessdate=July 21, 2010|language=fr}} 21. ^1 {{cite news |last=Vennat |first=Pierre |title=Le martyre des premiers Irlandais du Québec |trans-title=The Martyr of the first Irish Immigrants to Quebec |date=March 14, 1993 |newspaper=Le Soleil |page=B6 |language=fr}} }} Further reading
17 : 1929 births|2010 deaths|Quebec people of Irish descent|People from Sainte-Foy, Quebec City|Anglophone Quebec people|Quebec historians|Deaths from lung cancer|Daughters and Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul|Deaths from cancer in Quebec|Canadian Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns|Former Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns|Knights of the National Order of Quebec|Members of the Order of Canada|Mount Saint Vincent University alumni|University of Ottawa alumni|Canadian women historians|20th-century Christian nuns |
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