| 词条 | Marjorie Cottle | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Marjorie Cottle | birth_date = 1900 | death_date = 17 July 1987 | other_names = Mrs Watson-Bourne | occupation = Motorcycle Rider | known_for = Winning 1927 ISDT Silver Vase and many other awards. She promoted motorcycling worldwide, particularly encouraging women to get involved. }}{{more citations needed|date=December 2015}}Marjorie Cottle (1900 – 1987) was an English works supported motorcycle trials rider. She was one of Britain's best-known motorcyclists in the 1920s and 1930s. She competed regularly in reliability trials and was considered to be one of the best riders in the country – male or female. Her greatest success was the International Six Days Trial of 1927, in which the British Ladies' Team won the International Silver Vase. That year the trial was held in the Lake District, and attracted a large number of competitors. She was described as the "most famous girl rider in the world".[1] Early lifeMarjorie was born in Liverpool in 1900. Her father was a keen motorcyclist. As soon as she could legally ride, at the age of 14, she persuaded her father to let her have a motorcycle. He acquired a pre World War 1 Premier from a scrapyard and Marjorie had to rebuild it before she could ride it. When she had proved her ability to ride and keep the motorcycle running her father gave her a Calthorpe which she later sold at profit in order to buy an ex WD Triumph 500cc. MotorcyclingThe Triumph was then used in a hill climb held by the Liverpool MCC. As the only female entrant and one of only 2 people out of 300 entrants to succeed in reaching the top of the hill she gained a lot of publicity.[2] She rode in her first motorcycle trial in 1920, the Blake Amateur Trial. After winning a gold medal in the North Wales Open Trial a motorcycle manufacturer in Wrexham, Powell, gave her a works supported machine.[3] She later had works support from Raleigh, BSA[4] and Triumph.[5] Works support ranged from a specially prepared new machine along with some financial support to a small discount on spares. British motorcycles were exported worldwide, and many were marketed on competition success. Therefore. the riders as well as the makes became famous. RaleighMarjorie first rode a Raleigh in a 24 hour trial from Birkenhead to Aberystwyth. It is unclear whether she was works supported by Raleigh for that event but it is likely as the machine was delivered to her by Hugh Gibson who was a famous rider and Raleigh's competition manager. She had no chance to familiarise herself with before starting the trial.[2] Hugh Gibson planned to ride round the coast of Great Britain on a 7 hp (798cc) Raleigh and Sidecar. It was deemed an impossible task as some of the roads were of poor quality and the reliability of motorcycles was not as good as they are now. It was to be the longest ACU observed test ever. Marjorie announced that "What man can do, woman can do" and that she would ride the same route at the same time but in the opposite direction so as not to interfere with the official test. She rode a 2 3/4 hp (348cc) Raleigh. They both completed 3,429 miles, averaging 300 miles a day in 11 days and 10 hours on 12 June 1924.[6] The ride started and finished in Liverpool. In 1984 Ken Hallworth, a Raleigh owner and friend of Marjorie recreated the trip on his own Raleigh.[7] From 5 to 15 July 1926 Marjorie undertook a 1,400 mile promotional ride on a 174cc Raleigh. The object was to show how suitable the motorcycle is for female riders. Her route spelt out the word Raleigh in cursive script on a map of the UK. The first leg from London to Southampton was the upright (back) of the letter R. The finish, the bottom of the second down-stroke of the h, was in Edinburgh.[8] It was a well publicised journey. Raleigh's adverts featured a similar machine which was to be awarded to whoever guessed correctly (or nearest to) the number of towns and villages that she passed through.[9] One retailer’s journal, The Garage and Motor Agent, was particularly enthusiastic about Miss Cottle's promotional activities on behalf of the motorcycle industry. She was, it declared, "undoubtedly one of the trade's most useful propagandists." Not only did she demonstrate that physical strength was not crucial for operating a motorcycle, but this magazine was especially impressed with "the fact that Miss Cottle always manages to look nice when engaged in her exploits, and not the least like a professional motor cyclist." In that way she "produces the best possible impression on the public" (Jones 532)[10]. MarriageShe married Jack Watson-Bourne, who was a well-known trials rider, on 5 January 1927 at Cerrig-y-Druidon in North Wales.[11] Even after the marriage she was always referred to as Miss Cottle in press reports. International Six Days Trial (ISDT)She rode in the International Six Days Trial every year from 1925 to 1939 inclusive. The Auto Cycle Union selected female riders Marjorie Cottle, Louise MacLean and Edyth Foley as British B squad for the International Six Days Trial (ISDT) in August 1927 as they had done the year before.[12] The News of the World carried a picture of Cottle, Edyth Foley, Miss Louise MacLean and two other leading female motorcyclists, Mrs M Grenfell and Mrs Spokes. The five were described as "the British ladies who triumphed in the International Trials" on 20 August. This was the International Six Days' Trial of 1927, in which the British Ladies' Team won the International Silver Vase. The trials were held in the Lake District, and attracted a large number of competitor[13].
Details above taken from various issues of The Motor Cycle and Motorcycling magazines.
Scottish Six Days Trial (SSDT)The Scottish Six Days like the International Six Days Trial is an extreme test of both rider and machine. A set number of miles are completed each day. It includes observed tests over tricky off-road sections and some road riding between sections. Marjorie competed in the SSDT every year form 1923 to 1939. In the 1923 event she was the only female rider. She won a gold medal and a special award from Raleigh for "her perseverance, endurance and expert riding ability in the most severe and difficult trial ever recorded".[2] She won quite a few other Gold medals and awards over the years[16]. Since then a number of women riders including Mary Driver in the sixties, Maria Conway and Katy Sunter have competed in this event. Women and motorcyclingBy 1926 there were so many women participating in various races and trials throughout Britain that the Motor Cycle Manufacturers' Union, the industry's trade organisation, decided to honour some of the more prominent ones with a special banquet in London.[17] The occasion was well publicised, not only in the mainstream press but also in motor cycle publications and even women's magazines such as Home Notes.{{fact|date=March 2019}} Miss Cottle won the prize for the best performance by a "lady rider" in the 1927 Scott Trial. She was the only woman to complete the course.[18] After competing in the famous Scott Trials, the magazine 'The Motor Cycle' had to admit she had successfully finished the grueling course "while burly men had given up from sheer exhaustion"[10]. The fact that she was often the only female entrant and very successful meant she often featured in daily newspapers, motorcycle magazines and general publications. Her riding skill and expertise were regularly praised such as "rode better than any mere man could hope to".[19]. At least one editor specifically said the Marjorie was judged not just for doing well as a woman but for riding better than most of the men[20]. Marjorie also gained a lot of press attention and photographs because of her appearance and the importance she placed on it. Many event reports included comments like "smiling as happily as ever"[21] or on how smart she looked when her fellow riders were disheveled and muddy. Marjorie wrote articles for various publications extolling the benefits of motorcycling and how to look smart whilst doing it. She wrote about how women riders are finding motorcycling is healthy and good for the complexion[22]. She described herself as a fanatic about women motorcyclist doing themselves justice. She was concerned that all riders face prejudice, but females faced the most. Her advice was to never let yourself be photographed using the wrong spanner or donning make up whilst sat on the motorcycle or of being untidy and dirty. This was also extended to male riders. She was clear that you got filthy riding trials but you cleaned yourself up as much as possible before going into a bar or other public area.[23] On one occasion she rode to Holyhead and got on a ferry. She arrived in Dublin at 4pm. The 5am start of the End to End Ireland regularity Trial was 250 miles away in County Cork. so she rode there and arrived with 2 hours to spare before riding the 260 miles of the first day of the trial[24]. World War IIBy 1940 she was using her trials Triumph to ride as a Home Guard despatch rider[25]. Marjorie was Group officer in the National Fire Service in charge of DR training in North Wales.[26] She had also assisted her husband, Jack, who trained military despatch riders at 2nd Signals Training centre, Prestatyn, North Wales[27] before his death in March 1943.[28] Later lifeEven Marjorie Cottle eventually gave up competing. According to Koerner[10]: For several years afterwards, however, she was employed by the BSA company as one of their motor cycle sales representatives although she seems to have been kept in the showrooms not where she wanted to be, out on the road or riding in competition events. She became very involved with the Vintage Motor Cycle Club attending meetings, giving talks and prizes as well as sitting on the Brains Trust panel,[29] She did drive cars in car trials.[2] She was interviewed and filmed riding a BSA Bantam by the BBC in 1968[30] Marjorie died on 17 July 1987 in Chester hospital after a short illness.[31] References1. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=10 February 1932|title=A Great Sportswoman|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=457|via=}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal|last=Brown|first=John|date=February 1982|title=Marjorie Queen of Trials|url=|journal=The Classic Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=24–27|via=}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Cottle|first=Marjorie|date=8 January 1931|title=I Enjoy Them All|url=|journal=The Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=42–44|via=}} 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=February 1930|title=Famous Lady Motorcyclist joins BSA|url=|journal=Motor Cyclist Review|volume=|pages=398|via=}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=27 January 1938|title=Change of Mount|url=|journal=The Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=126|via=}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=July 1924|title=Round the Coast|url=|journal=Raleigh promotional brochure|volume=|pages=|via=}} 7. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=September 1984|title=Ingenuity in Lark Lane|url=|journal=Classic Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=61|via=}} 8. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=15 July 1926|title=The Raleigh Ride|url=|journal=The Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=125|via=}} 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=24 June 1926|title=Raleigh advert|url=|journal=The Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=25|via=}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Koerner|first=Steve|date=March 2007|title=Whatever Happened to the Girl on a Motorbike? British Women and Motorcycling from 1919 to 1939|url=|journal=International Journal of Motorcycle Studies|volume=|pages=|via=}} 11. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=12 January 1927|title=Famous riders married|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|page=263|via=}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://speedtracktales.com/index-of-isdt-events/isdt-1927-england/|title=isdt 1927}} 13. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://speedtracktales.com/2012/05/06/marjorie-cottle-and-the-women-of-the-isdt/#more-851|title=Marjorie Cottle and the ISDT|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 14. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Brown|first=John|date=April 1982|title=A Dash for the Border|url=|journal=The Classic Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=26-29|via=}} 15. ^{{Cite journal|last=Pugh|first=Karl|date=25 June 1942|title=A Clubman on the Continent|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=140|via=}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/18221/lot/213/|title=The Marjorie Cottle collection|last=|first=|date=25 April 2010|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 17. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=14 October 1926|title=My Lady Comes to Town|url=|journal=The Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=694–697|via=}} 18. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=14 September 1927|title=Scott Trial|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=549–550|via=}} 19. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=5 July 1928|title=Scottish six Days|url=|journal=The Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=25-27|via=}} 20. ^{{Cite journal|last=editorial|first=|date=4 December 1935|title=Miss Cottle|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=17|via=}} 21. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=24 May 1933|title=The Scottish|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=66|via=}} 22. ^{{Cite journal|last=Cottle|first=Marjorie|date=25 September 1928|title=Motor Cycling for Beauty|url=|journal=Evening Standard|volume=|pages=|via=}} 23. ^{{Cite journal|last=Cottle|first=Marjorie|date=4 December 1933|title=Be Fair to Yourselves|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=172-174|via=}} 24. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=21 July 1927|title=Miss Cottle's Gruelling Ride|url=|journal=The Motor Cycle|volume=|page=118|via=}} 25. ^{{Cite journal|last=Cyclops|first=|date=31 October 1940|title=Sports Gossip|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=653|via=}} 26. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=16 September 1943|title=Miss Marjorie Cottle|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=353|via=}} 27. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=September 1984|title=Letters to the editor|url=|journal=VMCC Journal|volume=|pages=428|via=}} 28. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=1 April 1943|title=Jack Watson-Bourne|url=|journal=Motorcycling|volume=|pages=385|via=}} 29. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=April 1953|title=Vintage Brains Trust|url=|journal=VMCC Bulletin|volume=|pages=|via=}} 30. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=31 January 1968|title=Marjory Rides Again|url=|journal=Motor Cycle|volume=|pages=|via=}} 31. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=August 1987|title=Marjorie Cottle|url=|journal=Old Bike Mart|volume=|pages=|via=}}
Chris Stevens of Surrey & Isle of Man Historian & Author, David Wright. {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cottle, Marjorie}} 10 : English sportswomen|British motorcycle racers|English motorcycle racers|Enduro riders|Motorcycle trials riders|Female motorcycle racers|Place of birth missing|1900 births|1987 deaths|Women motorcyclists |
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