| 词条 | Marthinus Nikolaas Ras |
| 释义 |
Military serviceHe served in the First Boer War in the Potchefstroom commando under General Piet Cronjé. After witnessing the siege on the British fort at Potchefstroom by the Boers, he realized the need for artillery by the Boer forces to be able to successfully mount an assault the British blockhouses and forts. In the early stages of the conflict, the Boers seriously lacked cannons to enable them to assault the six British army forts in the Transvaal. In December 1880, he requested and obtained permission to return home to his farm Bokfontein, near Brits, to build a cannon for the Boer forces.[3] Cannon buildingHe built two cannons (named the Ras cannons), the first being a 3 inch caliber, 4½ feet barrel cannon, named "Martienie" and the second a 2 inch caliber, 5½ barrel cannon, named "Ras". The "Martienie" cannon was used to great effect on a British fort near Rustenburg, firing 93 shots and resulting in the subsequent surrender of the fort.[4] DeathOn 21 February 1900 during the Second Boer War, whilst on the way back to his farm at Bokfontein, he was ambushed and killed at Kaya's Put by an impi (African war party) of the Kgatla tribal chief Linchwe, an African tribe fighting on the side of the British.[5][6] References1. ^{{cite book|title=Ras-Geslagsregister|author1=L.S. Bothma |author2=C.M. Woest |author3=L. Groesbeek |page=6}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.up.ac.za/dspace/bitstream/2263/8272/1/Pta%2008-12.pdf. |title=Ras Cannons |last=Rosa Swanepoel |publisher=University Of Pretoria |accessdate=2010-03-06 }}{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.up.ac.za/dspace/bitstream/2263/8272/1/Pta%2008-12.pdf. |title=Ras Cannons |last=Rosa Swanepoel |publisher=University Of Pretoria |accessdate=2010-03-06 }}{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Ras-Geslagsregister|author1=L.S. Bothma |author2=C.M. Woest |author3=L. Groesbeek |page=137}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Ras-Geslagsregister|author1=L.S. Bothma |author2=C.M. Woest |author3=L. Groesbeek |page=138}} 6. ^{{cite journal|jstor=181722|title=Linchwe I and the Kgatla campaign in the South African War,1899-1902*|first=R.F.|last=Morton|publisher=|volume=26|pages=169–191}} Sources
8 : 1853 births|1900 deaths|Afrikaner people|White South African people|South African people of Dutch descent|South African military personnel|People of the First Boer War|South African Republic people |
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