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词条 Martin Legassick
释义

  1. Books by Martin Legassick

  2. See also

  3. References

{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}Martin Legassick (1940–2016) was a South African historian and Marxist activist.[1][2][3][4] He died on 1 March 2016 after a battle with cancer.[5] He was one of the central figures in the "revisionist" school of South African historiography that, drawing on Marxism, revolutionised the study of the social formation by highlighting the importance of political economy, class contradictions and imperialism.[6] He was also a key figure in the independent left in South Africa from the 1970s, and a critic, from the left, of many of the analytical and strategic positions taken by the African National Congress and the South African Communist Party, as well as their understanding of South African history.[7] The author of numerous books, mainly on the history of colonialism and capitalism, he collected many of his key political writings in the 2007 Towards Socialist Democracy.[8]

Legassick was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. In 1947 he and his parents emigrated to South Africa. He attended the private Diocesan College in Cape Town. In 1960 he became a Rhodes Scholar at Balliol College, Oxford. He later completed his PhD at the University of California. He then worked at universities in the United Kingdom and Tanzania, where he became active in the ANC and the South African Congress of Trade Union (SACTU) in exile. Together with Giovanni Arrighi, John S. Saul and others he developed an influential politico-economic analysis focusing on the contradictions engendered by the proletarianisation and dispossession of the Southern African peasantry.[9] According to Arrighi, "Martin Legassick and Harold Wolpe...maintained that South African Apartheid was primarily because the regime had to become more repressive of the African labour force because it was fully proletarianized, and could no longer subsidize capital accumulation as it had done in the past."[10]

In the 1970s, Legassick became involved in the independent left. In 1979, together with Paula Ensor, Dave Hemson and Rob Petersen, he was suspended from the African National Congress for allegedly forming a faction. They were involved in the exiled African National Congress. They regarded their suspension as undemocratic and launched the Marxist Workers Tendency of the ANC.[11] Legassick left academia in 1981 to become a full-time anti-apartheid activist, arguing for the transformation of the African National Congress into a revolutionary working class movement, and a socialist solution to South Africa's national and social questions. He was on the editorial committee of the MWT journal, Inqaba yaBasebenzi, and the MWT newspaper, Congress Militant. He was expelled by the ANC in 1985.[12]

After the unbanning of the ANC in 1990 he was able to return home to Cape Town where he returned to academia.[13] However, he continued to play a leading role in the MWT of the ANC and was active in working class struggles in the Western Cape. The Marxist Workers’ Tendency was affiliated to the Committee for a Workers' International, an international organisation of Trotskyist parties and the newspaper, The Militant. Legassick was expelled from the ANC in 1985.[14]

Legassick later became a prominent activist working with the Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign in the 2000s,[15][16][17] with Abahlali baseMjondolo,[18] with the Mandela Park Backyarders[19] and, more recently, in the Democratic Left Front.[20] In 2007 he was involved in an exchange of open letters with the then National Minister of Housing in South Africa, Lindiwe Sisulu.[21] In May 2009 he was arrested while supporting the Macassar Village Land Occupation near Cape Town.[22]

A dominant and consistent theme in Legassick's political work is the building of "a mass workers' party".[23][24] The Workers and Socialist Party is a South African political party from the MWT tradition, that takes Legassick's work as an important reference point.

Books by Martin Legassick

  • Martin Legassick, 2016, Hidden Histories of Gordonia: Land Dispossesion and Resistance in the Northern Cape, 1800-1990, Johannesburg : Wits University Press.
  • Martin Legassick, 2011, The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 1800–1854: Subjugation and the Roots of South African Democracy, Johannesburg: KMM Publishers [25]
  • Martin Legassick, 2010, The Politics of a South African Frontier The Griqua, the Sotho-Tswana and the Missionaries, Basel: Basler Afrika Bibliographien [26]
  • Martin Legassick, 2007, Towards Socialist Democracy, Pietermaritzburg: UKZN Press.
  • Martin Legassick, 2004, Armed Struggle and Democracy: The Case of South Africa, Nordic Africa Institute.
  • Martin Legassick and Ciraj Rassool, 2000, Skeletons in the Cupboard : South African Museums and the Trade in Human Remains, 1907–1917, Cape Town: South African Museum, Kimberley: McGregor Museum.
  • Martin Legassick, 1993, All my Powers have been Swallowed by Upington: The Life and Times of Alfred Gubula, President of the UDF in the Northern Cape, 1989-1991, as told to and edited by Martin Legassick, Cape Town University of the Western Cape, Western Cape Institute for Historical Research.
  • Martin Legassick and David Hemson, 1976, Foreign Investment and the Reproduction of Racial Capitalism in South Africa, London: Anti-Apartheid Movement.
  • Martin Legassick, 1973, Class and Nationalism in South African Protest: The South African Communist Party and the 'Native Republic', 1928-34, Syracuse University, Program of Eastern African Studies, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Eastern African Studies, 15.

See also

  • 'The Past and Present of Marxist Historiography in South Africa' An interview with Martin Legassick by Alexander Lichtenstein, Radical History Review – Issue 82, Winter 2002, pp. 111–130
  • The Making of the South African Past, Christopher Saunders, 1988
  • A tribute to Martin Legassick by Noor Nieftagodien South African Historical Journal 56, 9–13, Sabinet Online, 2006.
  • 'Martin Legassick and History with a Sense of Purpose', Bill Freud, South African Historical Journal, Vol. 56, No. 1., 2006, pages 16 – 18
  • 'Debating the revival of the workers' movement in the 1970s: the South African democracy education trust and post-apartheid patriotic history', Kronos (Bellville), Vol.34 No.1, Cape Town November 2008
  • Whose Liberation? A {{sic|hide=y|Partly|-}}Forgotten Left Critique of ANC Strategy and Its Contemporary Implications, by Steven Friedman, Journal of Asian & African Studies, December 2011 {{doi|10.1177/0021909611429436}}
  • The African Activist Archive Project website includes material a description of and material of the South Africa Freedom Action Committee of which Martin Legassick was a founder.

References

1. ^Stephen Ellis, External Mission: The ANC in Exile, Jonathan Ball, Cape Town, 2012, p. 157
2. ^South Africa's 'class apartheid' http://english.aljazeera.net/focus/2010/05/201054125142810668.html
3. ^Rebuilding trust in governance, in the Mercury http://www.ccr.org.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=469:press-release-chris-hani&catid=39:press-releases&Itemid=104
4. ^Public dialogue seminar on "Hani: A Life Too Short" http://www.ccr.org.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=469:press-release-chris-hani&catid=39:press-releases&Itemid=104
5. ^Noor Nieftagodien, Revolutionary Socialist, Scholar, Teacher and Mentor, Review of African Political Economy, Tributes to Martin Legassick, 2 March 2016, http://roape.net/2016/03/02/tributes-to-martin-legassick/
6. ^Georg G. Iggers, The Role of Marxism in Sub-Saharan and South African Historiography, in Q. Edward Wang (and Georg G. Iggers editors, Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective, Routledge, 2015
7. ^For an overview, see Steven Friedman, Whose Liberation? A Partly-Forgotten Left Critique of ANC Strategy and its Contemporary Implications, Journal of Asian and African Studies, volume 47, number 1, pp. 18-32
8. ^Martin Legassick, Towards Socialist Democracy, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2007
9. ^[Capital's Cartographer, Tom Reifer, New Left Review 60, November–December 2009, pp. 119–130]
10. ^The Winding Paths of Capital, Giovanni Arrighi, New Left Review 56, March–April 2009, pp. 61–94
11. ^Legassick, M, "Debating the revival of the workers' movement in the 1970s: the South African democracy education trust and post-apartheid patriotic history", Kronos (Bellville), vol.34 no.1, Cape Town nov. 2008, http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0259-01902008000100010&lng=pt&nrm=iso
12. ^Noor Nieftagodien, Revolutionary Socialist, Scholar, Teacher and Mentor, Review of African Political Economy, Tributes to Martin Legassick, 2 March 2016, http://roape.net/2016/03/02/tributes-to-martin-legassick/
13. ^'The Past and Present of Marxist Historiography in South Africa' An interview with Martin Legassick by Alexander Lichtenstein, Radical History Review – Issue 82, Winter 2002, pp. 111–130
14. ^History of Democratic Socialist Movement of South Africa, {{cite web |url=http://www.socialistsouthafrica.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12&Itemid=27 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-07-20 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313235321/http://www.socialistsouthafrica.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12&Itemid=27 |archivedate=13 March 2009 |df=dmy-all }}
15. ^Housing battles in post-Apartheid South Africa: The Case of Mandela Park, Khayelitsha {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524193411/http://antieviction.org.za/related-writing-and-resources/housing-battles-in-post-apartheid-south-africa-the-case-of-mandela-park-khayelitsha/ |date=24 May 2012 }}, by Martin Legassick, South African Labour Bulletin, 2003
16. ^Western Cape Housing Crisis: Writings on Joe Slovo and Delft – by Martin Legassick
17. ^A Day in the Life of a Street Paper Vendor, Street News Service, 22 November 2010
18. ^Siyanda – Mpola – Macassar Village: The War on the Poor Continues
19. ^Housing battles in post-Apartheid South Africa: The Case of Mandela Park, Khayelitsha
20. ^The Conference for a Democratic Left {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726175118/http://southafrica.indymedia.org/news/2010/02/13714.php |date=26 July 2011 }}, Imraan Buccus, February 2010
21. ^Exchange of letters between Martin Legassick and Housing Minister Lindiwe Sisulu
22. ^Cape Argus, Cops, backyard dwellers clash in Macassar, 20 May 2009
23. ^Martin Legassick (2007) Towards Socialist Democracy. Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, pg 538
24. ^Motala, E, "Martin Legassick : Towards Socialist Democracy, A review", Transformation, Sept 2008, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7080/is_68/ai_n31340169/pg_7/?tag=content;col1
25. ^John Boje Reviews The Struggle for the Eastern Cape, 1800–1854 by Martin Legassick, Books Live
26. ^The Politics of a South African Frontier The Griqua, the Sotho-Tswana and the Missionaries{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
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8 : South African academics|South African activists|2016 deaths|South African Trotskyists|Members of the African National Congress|Housing in South Africa|1940 births|White South African anti-apartheid activists

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