| 词条 | Martin's Light Railways |
| 释义 |
| box_width = 28em | name = Martin's Light Railways | color = | logo = | logo_width = | image = | image_width = | caption = | type = | status = | locale = West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh | start = | end = | stations = | routes = | daily_ridership = | open = 1897-1927 | close = | owner = Martin's Light Railways | operator = Martin's Light Railways | character = | depot = | stock = | linelength = {{convert|388|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} | tracklength = | tracks = | gauge = {{Track gauge|2ft 6in|lk=on}} and {{track gauge|2ft|lk=on}} | old_gauge = | minradius = | racksystem = | electrification = | speed = | elevation = | website = | map = | map_state = }}Martin's Light Railways (MLR) consisted of seven narrow-gauge railway lines in the states of West Bengal, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh in India. The railways were built and owned by Martin & Co., which was a British company.[1] Arrah–Sasaram light railwayThe Arrah–Sasaram light railway connecting Arrah and Sasaram in Bihar in India was opened in 1914. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|69|mi|km}}.[2][3] Due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1978. In 2006-07, the railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} and train services were resumed.[4] Barasat–Basirhat light railway|} The Barasat–Basirhat light railway connecting Barasat and Basirhat in West Bengal in India was opened in 1914. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|69|mi|km}}.[2] The line was later extended to Hasnabad. Due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1955.[5] In 1962, the railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} and train services were resumed.[6] The route is now part of Kolkata Suburban railway Bakhtiarpur–Bihar Sharif light railwayThe Bakhtiarpur–Bihar light railway connecting Bakhtiarpur in Bihar and Bihar Sharif in state of Bihar in India was opened in 1902. The line was later extended to Rajgir. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|33|mi|km}}.[7] In 1962, the railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} broad gauge and train services were resumed.[8] Fatuha–Islampur light railwayThe Fatuha–Islampur light railway connecting Fatuha and Islampur in Bihar was opened in 1922. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|40|mi|km}}.[9][10] The railway ran parallel to road for almost its entire route. The line operated three 0-6-2T locomotives constructed by Manning Wardle of Leeds.[11][12] Due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1987. Later, the railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} broad gauge and train services were resumed. Futwah station is now called Fatuha. Howrah–Amta light railwayThe Howrah–Amta light railway had its origin in an agreement, dated 12 June 1889 between the District Board of Howrah and Messrs. Walsh, Lovett & Co., which was subsequently renewed with Messrs. Martin & Co., and sanctioned by Government notification in the Calcutta Gazette of 27 March 1895.[13] This was one of the Martin lines which was on 2'0" gauge instead of the more common 2'6".{{fact|date=February 2019}} The railway connecting Howrah and Amta in West Bengal was opened up to Domjur in 1897, and to Amta in 1898. An extension from Bargachhia (Bargechhe) Junction to Autpur was opened in 1904, and a further extension to Champadanga in 1908. The total length of the railway was {{convert|42|mi|km}}. Both the Howrah- Amta and Howrah-Sheakhala lines used to start from Telkalghat on the Hooghly river, running to Kadamtala station. Here they separate, the Howrah-Sheakhala line running north-west along the Benares road to Sheakhala in Hooghly district. The Howrah–Amta line runs west, chiefly along the side of the Jagatballabhpur road, and then goes south-west to Amta. [13] At various times of the narrow gauge operations, the passenger trains started from different places. In the 1943 Indian Bradshaw they were shown as running from Kadamtala.{{fact|date=February 2019}} The management decided to close the line from 1 January 1973 and in view of the growing demand of local people for a railway service, the Indian Railways agreed to construct a broad-gauge-way from Amta to Champadanga.[14] The railway was converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} broad gauge in phase starting from 1984 and completing in 2000. Only the Howrah–Amta section was rebuilt, while the line from Bargachia to Champadanga does not exist now.{{fact|date=February 2019}} There was some construction of a new alignment from Howrah station which utilized the existing route up to Santragachhi Junction and skipped some of the older stations up to Makardaha, while new stations came up on this alignment at Bankaranayabaz, Baltikuri, Kona, Dansi and Jhaluarber. While some stations from the old line have been retained, some stations on the rebuilt line are at new locations. The route is now part of Kolkata Suburban Railway. It has been electrified and EMU local trains run between Howrah and Amta. This route now comes under the jurisdiction of the South Eastern Railway.[15][16][17] Howrah–Sheakhala light railwayThe Howrah–Sheakhala light railway had its origin in an agreement, dated 12 June 1889 between the District Board of Howrah and Messrs. Walsh, Lovett & Co., which was subsequently renewed with Messrs. Martin & Co., and sanctioned by Government notification in the Calcutta Gazette of 27 March 1895.[18] Like the Howrah–Amta light railway, this was of 2'0" gauge. The railway connecting Howrah and Sheakhala in West Bengal was opened in November 1897 and the Chanditala-Janai Branch Line was opened in 1898. The total length of the railway was {{convert|42|mi|km}}. Both the Howrah- Amta and Howrah-Sheakhala lines started from Telkalghat on the Hooghly river, running to Kadamtala station. Here they separate, the Howrah-Sheakhala line running north-west along the Benares road to Sheakhala in Hooghly district. The Howrah–Amta line runs west, chiefly along the side of the Jagatballabhpur road, and then goes south-west to Amta.[13] While the Howrah–Amta section was reopened as broad gauge in 2000, there has been no sign of reopening any part of the Howrah-Sheakhala light railway. Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway{{Delhi–Shamli–Saharanpur line|collapse=y}}The Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway connecting Shahdara in Delhi and Saharanpur in Uttar Pradesh was opened to traffic in 1907. The railway was built in {{RailGauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} narrow gauge and total length was {{convert|93|mi|km}}.[19][19][20][21] Due to increasing losses, the railway was closed in 1970. It was later converted to {{RailGauge|1676mm|allk=on}} broad gauge and repopened in the late 1970s.[21][22][23] Although the broad gauge largely follows the same trackbed and alignment as the erstwhile narrow gauge, there is a minor deviation near Saharanpur. The broad gauge line takes off south towards Delhi from Tapri on the main line, while the narrow gauge line did not touch Tapri at all. Other than that, the stations are the same as before.[20] References1. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-nonir.html | title = [IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: Non-IR Railways | publisher=IRFCA | accessdate=2009-01-27}} 2. ^1 {{cite web| url = http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm| title = Indian Railway History timeline| last = R.P.Saxena| first = | publisher = | accessdate = 2011-11-20| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://archive.is/20120714085533/http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm| archivedate = 14 July 2012| df = dmy-all}} 3. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-nonir.html |title = Non-IR Railways in India |last= |first= | work= | publisher= IRFCA| accessdate = 2011-12-01 }} 4. ^{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=15847 |title = Speech of Shri Lalu Prasad Introducing the Railway Budget 2006-07 On 24th February 2006 |last= |first= | work= New lines| publisher= Press Information Bureau| accessdate = 2011-12-01 }} 5. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/chronology.html |title = The Chronology of Railway development in Eastern Indian |last= |first= | publisher=railindia | accessdate = 2012-02-10 }} 6. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-nonir.html |title = Non-IR Railways in India |last= |first= | publisher= IRFCA | accessdate = 2012-02-10 }} 7. ^[http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-nonir.html [IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: Non-IR Railways] 8. ^consultant 9. ^Whetham, Bob 1996 In Search of the Narrow Gauge. Sono Nis Press, Victoria BC. 10. ^Hughes, Hugh 1994 Indian Locomotives Pt. 3, Narrow Gauge 1863-1940. Continental Railway Circle. 11. ^Whetham, Bob 1996 In Search of the Narrow Gauge. Sono Nis Press, Victoria BC. 12. ^Hughes, Hugh 1994 Indian Locomotives Pt. 3, Narrow Gauge 1863-1940. Continental Railway Circle. 13. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.irfca.org/docs/history/howrah-district.html | title=Howrah District (1909) | publisher=IRFCA | accessdate=2009-01-19}} 14. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=2yGAdvKaJnsC|title=Indian Railways|last=|first=|date=1974|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=37|language=en}} 15. ^{{cite web | url= http://www.blonnet.com/2000/07/24/stories/142460l2.htm | title= Howrah–Amta BG line section inaugurated | publisher=The Hindu Business Line, 24 July 2000 | accessdate=2009-01-27}} 16. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2005/01/01/stories/2005010101151700.htm | title= Lalu remote-launches 2 S-E Rly projects | publisher=The Hindu Business Line, 1 January 2005 | accessdate=2009-01-27}} 17. ^{{cite web | url=http://164.100.47.5:8080/members/Website/quest.asp?qref=120859 | title= RAJYA SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO 2689 TO BE ANSWERED ON 15.12.2006 | publisher= | accessdate=2009-01-27}} 18. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.irfca.org/docs/history/howrah-district.html | title=Howrah District (1909) | publisher=IRFCA | accessdate=2009-01-19}} 19. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://wiki.fibis.org/index.php/Shahdara-Saharanpur_Light_Railway | title=Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway | publisher= fibis| accessdate=2 March 2014}} 20. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://www.irfca.org/steam/sslr.html | title=Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway |last= R. Sivaramakrishnan| publisher= IRFCA| accessdate=2 March 2014}} 21. ^1 {{cite web|url= http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history5.html |title= IR History Part V (1970–1995)|publisher= IRFCA| accessdate=8 March 2014}} 22. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/finance_budget/Previous%20Budget%20Speeches/1973-74.pdf | title= Speech of Shri Lalit Narayan Mishra introducing the Railway Budget for 1973-74, on 20th February 1973 | work= Light Railways| publisher= Indian Railways| accessdate=8 March 2014}} 23. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.irfca.org/steam/sslr.html | title=Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway |last= R. Sivaramakrishnan| publisher= IRFCA| accessdate=2 March 2014}} External links
15 : 2 ft 6 in gauge railways in India|2 ft gauge railways in India|Defunct railway companies of India|Railway lines opened in 1914|Railway lines opened in 1922|Railway lines closed in 1987|Transport in Kolkata|Transport in Howrah|Transport in Saharanpur|Transport in Delhi|History of Kolkata|Rail transport in Bihar|Rail transport in Uttar Pradesh|1922 establishments in India|1987 disestablishments in India |
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