| 词条 | Martin Sommer |
| 释义 |
|name= Martin Sommer |birth_name=Walter Gerhard Martin Sommer |birth_date={{birth date|1915|2|8|df=y}} |birth_place=Schkölen |death_date={{death date and age|1988|6|7|1915|3|8|df=y}} |death_place=Schwarzenbruck |image = Martin Sommer Buchenwald.jpg |nickname= Hangman of Buchenwald |allegiance={{flag|Nazi Germany}} |branch= Schutzstaffel |serviceyears=1938–1945 |rank=Hauptscharführer |commands=SS guard at Dachau and Buchenwald concentration camps }}Walter Gerhard Martin Sommer (8 February 1915 – 7 June 1988) was an SS Hauptscharführer (master sergeant) who served as a guard at the concentration camps of Dachau and Buchenwald. Sommer, known as the "Hangman of Buchenwald" was considered a depraved sadist who reportedly ordered two Austrian priests, Otto Neururer[1] and Mathias Spannlang[2], to be crucified upside-down.[3][4] BuchenwaldIn 1943 Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler appointed SS judge Dr. Georg Konrad Morgen to investigate charges of cruelty and corruption at the Buchenwald camp. Due to his excessive brutality and sadism, Sommer was indicted and tried before Morgen. Commandant Karl Koch and his wife Ilse Koch were also put on trial. According to Morgen, Sommer had a secret compartment underneath the floor under his desk. He kept his private instruments of torture concealed within this compartment such as the needles he used to kill his victims after he was done torturing them, he would inject them with carbolic acid, or inject air into their veins causing their death by embolism. On occasions, after private late night torture sessions Sommer would hide his victim's bodies under his bed until he could dispose of them in the morning. Among his acts of depravity were beating a German pastor, hanging him naked outside in the winter then throwing buckets of water on him and letting him freeze to death. On another occasion Sommer beat a Catholic priest to death for performing the Sacrament of Penance for a fellow inmate. After the SS trial Sommer received a reduction in rank and was sentenced to a penal battalion fighting on the Eastern Front where he was wounded in a tank explosion, losing his left arm and right leg. He was taken captive by the Red Army and was detained as P.O.W. until 1950 when his prisoner status was upgraded to war criminal. He was released from Soviet captivity in 1955 as part of the negotiations conducted on behalf of Soviet held German prisoners by Konrad Adenauer. RetrialAfter his release he returned to West Germany where he married, fathered a child and filed for and received a pension for his service related disabilities. He escaped punishment for his crimes until 1957, when he was indicted for complicity in the death in 101 concentration camp inmates. In July 1958 in Bayreuth district court in West Germany, he was ultimately convicted of 25 deaths and received a life sentence. Upon appeal the case was upheld in May 1959 by the Federal Court.[4][5][6][7][8] He died in the prison hospital in 1988. References1. ^Died 30 May 1940 Feast day of Joan of Arc 2. ^Died 5 June 1940 Feast day of Saint Boniface, bishop and martyr. 3. ^The resistance in Austria, 1938-1945 by Radomír V. Luža. University of Minnesota Press (Minneapolis April 9, 1984) {{ISBN|0-8166-1226-9}} {{ISBN|978-0816612260}} 4. ^1 W.R. Garscha et al.: Rudolf Watzek-Mischan, NachKriegsJustiz 5. ^University of Amsterdam: Justiz und NS-Verbrechen Nazi Crimes on Trial 6. ^System der NS-Konzentrationslager: 1933-1939 by Klaus Drobisch, Günther Wieland Publisher: Wiley VCH (12 Aug 1993) {{ISBN|3-05-000823-7}} {{ISBN|978-3050008233}} 7. ^Konzentrationslager Buchenwald, 1937-1945: Begleitband zur ständigen ... by Harry Stein, Gedenkstätte Buchenwald Publisher: Wallstein Verlag (1999) Language: German {{ISBN|3-89244-222-3}} {{ISBN|978-3892442226}} 8. ^Time Magazine; West Germany: The Monster
External links
8 : Anti-Catholicism in Germany|Buchenwald concentration camp personnel|Dachau concentration camp personnel|SS non-commissioned officers|German prisoners of war in World War II held by the Soviet Union|1915 births|1988 deaths|Waffen-SS personnel |
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