| 释义 |
- History
- Rolling stock
- Lines
- Accidents and incidents
- See also
- References
- External links
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2014}}{{About|Memphis Area Transit Authority heritage streetcar|the heritage streetcar in Dallas, Texas|McKinney Avenue Transit Authority}}{{Infobox tram network
| color =
| name = MATA Trolley
| system =
| logo =
| image = MemphisTrolley.jpg
| caption = Former Porto trolley on the Main Street line in 2002 or 2003; its trolley pole was replaced by a pantograph soon after.
| locale = Memphis, Tennessee
| open = April 29, 1993[1]
| close =
| status = Operational
| routes = 3 (2 temporarily suspended)
| owner =
| operator = MATA
| gauge = {{RailGauge|sg|allk=on}}
| propulsion_system = Electric
| el = 600 V DC,[2] overhead line
| depot =
| stock =
| single_track_length =
| double_track_length =
| total_track_length = {{convert|10|mi|1|abbr=on}}[1]
| route_length = {{convert|6.3|mi|1|abbr=on}}{{citation needed|date=August 2013}}
| stops = 25
| pass_year = 2011-2012
| passengers = 1.34 million
| pass_percent = 23.1
| pass_system =
| mpassengers =
| map =
| map_state =
| website = http://MATATransit.com/services/trolleys/ MATA - Trolleys
}}The MATA Trolley is a heritage streetcar transit system operating in Memphis in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It began operating on April 29, 1993.[1] Service was suspended in June 2014, following fires on two cars.[5] After nearly four years and repeated postponements, the reopening of the Main Street Line took place on April 30, 2018.[2] The last line of Memphis’ original streetcar network closed on June 15, 1947.[2] Since opening the system has been extended twice and now consists of three lines, operated by the Memphis Area Transit Authority (MATA). These lines are the Main Street Line, the Riverfront Loop and the Madison Avenue Line; however, service on the last two lines is temporarily suspended.[3] In the 2011–12 fiscal year, 1.34 million trips were made on the system, a 23.1% year-on-year growth{{spaced ndash}} the highest of any light rail system in the contiguous United States.[4] HistoryOriginally proposed as a {{convert|4.9|mi|km|adj=on}} line along the Mississippi River, the Memphis City Council voted 9-4 in January 1990 to build the {{convert|2.5|mi|km|0|adj=on}}, $33 million Main Street route. On October 1, 1997, the Riverfront line opened.[10] The system's third line, running east from Main Street along Madison Avenue for about {{convert|2|mi|km}}, opened on March 15, 2004. It was completed at a cost of about $56 million, which was approximately 25 percent below the original budget forecast for the project.[11] Rolling stockThe trolleys used are almost all restored, vintage streetcars. {{convert|7|ft|10|in|m}} wide and weigh {{convert|25820|lb|kg}} without passengers. The cars were restored by Kerns-Wilcheck Associates of Memphis.Between the mid-1990s and 2003, the fleet expanded considerably in both number and capacity with the arrival of ten reconditioned Melbourne, Australia W2-class cars, all but one (Car 417) supplied by Gomaco Trolley Company.[13] Other additions were single-truck Car 1979 that was built new by Gomaco in 1993, as a demonstrator;[14] double-truck Car 1794 that was originally an open-sided car from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, but was heavily rebuilt and enclosed before entering service in Memphis, and, in early 2004, a replica Birney Safety Car - again, manufactured by Gomaco,[15] similar to those used on the TECO Line Streetcar System in Tampa, Florida and the Metro Streetcar in Little Rock, Arkansas. The fleet and overhead wires were converted from trolley pole to pantograph current collection in early 2003, during a three-month suspension of service which started on January 5, 2003.[16] An eleventh reconditioned Melbourne car, W5-class 799, was purchased in 2006 by MATA with a view toward eventual restarting of trolley service.[17][18] LinesThe MATA Trolley network consists of three lines. There are stations at 24 locations (inbound and outbound stations are counted as a single location), and 35 of the stations are sheltered and ADA-accessible.[19] | Line | Opened | Stations | Length | Termini |
|---|
| █ | Main Street Line | 1993 | 13 | 2.0|mi|km|abbr=on}}{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} | Butler Avenue - North End Terminal | | █ | Riverfront Loop | 1997 | 19 | 4.1|mi|km|abbr=on}}{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} | none | | █ | Madison Avenue Line | 2004 | 6 | 2.2|mi|km|abbr=on}}{{citation needed|date=August 2013}} | Third Street - Cleveland Station |
Accidents and incidentsOn June 1, 2011, two trolleys{{spaced ndash}}a Melbourne W2-class and Porto number 194{{spaced ndash}}traveling on Main Street collided due to a power failure.[20] Two of the Melbourne cars caught fire, in December 2013 and April 2014. Both incidents occurred along the Madison Avenue line. In May 2014, the line was shut down in order to conduct an investigation, since the speeds along it are higher. On June 10, the suspension was expanded to include all MATA trolley lines after it was determined that much of the fleet would need to be renovated. At that time, the suspension was expected to last at least six months until a feasible solution could be found. Options included restoring the existing fleet at a cost of $6 million, or replacing them with new heritage streetcars at a cost of $40 million.[21] After thorough inspection of the fleet, MATA decided to overhaul several cars rather than purchase new ones, and to eventually reinstate service using only overhauled cars.[22] In December 2014, MATA announced that it was not yet able to give an estimated date for the resumption of service.[23] In March 2015, it was announced that limited trolley service might be possible in May or June, but there was still no timetable for full restoration of service.[24] In October 2016, Memphis Mayor Jim Strickland said trolleys would not be back in service before 2017.[25] Service on the Main Street Line restarted April 30, 2018,[2] with the other two lines scheduled to reopen in the next two years.[3] See also- Memphis Area Transit Authority
- Memphis Suspension Railway
- List of heritage railroads in the United States
- List of rail transit systems in the United States
- Streetcars in North America
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | title = MATA - Memphis Area Transit Authority - Trolley History | publisher = Memphis Area Transit Authority | url = http://MATATransit.com/trolleys/trolley-history/ | year = 2013 | accessdate = 2013-08-18}}
2. ^1 {{cite news |last=Dries |first1=Bill |date=April 30, 2018 |title=Trolleys Return to Main Street |url=https://www.memphisdailynews.com/news/2018/apr/30/trolleys-return-to-main-street/ |work=The Daily News |publisher=The Daily News Publishing Co. Inc. |access-date=2018-05-01}}
3. ^1 {{cite news |last=Dries |first=Bill |date=April 17, 2018 |title=Trolleys Return to Main Street at End of April |url=https://www.memphisdailynews.com/news/2018/apr/17/trolleys-return-to-main-at-end-of-april/ |work=The Daily News |publisher=The Daily News Publishing Co. Inc. |access-date=2018-04-25}}
4. ^{{cite news|last=Charlier|first=Tom|title=Memphis trolleys lead nation in light-rail passenger growth|url=http://www.commercialappeal.com/news/2012/nov/04/memphis-trolleys-lead-nation-in-light-rail/|newspaper=The Commercial Appeal|date=November 4, 2012|accessdate=2013-03-18}}
5. ^{{cite news | last =Huston | first =Jerry | coauthors = | title =Trolley, mall work nearing an end | work =The Commercial Appeal | pages = | date =October 15, 1992 | url = | accessdate = }}
6. ^{{cite news | last =Huston | first =Jerry | coauthors = | title =Delays in trolley car restoration move starting date for rail line | work =The Commercial Appeal | pages = | date =November 26, 1992 | url = | accessdate = }}
7. ^{{cite news | last =Patterson | first =Patti | coauthors = | title =Trolley's test launch thrills cheering, wine-sipping fans | work =The Commercial Appeal | pages = | date =March 11, 1993 | url = | accessdate = }}
8. ^1 2 {{cite news | last =May | first =Jack | title =Memphis: Trolleys Roll Again|date=November 1993 | magazine =Passenger Train Journal | publisher =Interurban Press | pages =40–48 | issn =0160-6913}}
9. ^{{cite news | last =Huston | first =Jerry | coauthors = | title =Trolley rumbles to life in city – Line readied for comeback downtown | newspaper =The Commercial Appeal | pages = | date =April 22, 1993 | url = | accessdate = }}
10. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | title = MATA offers free trolley rides starting Wednesday | newspaper = Memphis Business Journal | date = April 4, 2009 | url = http://memphis.bizjournals.com/memphis/stories/2009/04/13/daily12.html | accessdate = 2009-05-31}}
11. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | title = Madison rail line to open March 15 | newspaper = Memphis Business Journal | date = March 11, 2004 | url = http://memphis.bizjournals.com/memphis/stories/2004/03/08/daily27.html | accessdate = 2009-05-31}}
12. ^{{cite journal | last = Wilkins | first = Van | title = Heritage Trolleys in Memphis and Galveston | journal = The New Electric Railway Journal | publisher = Free Congress Foundation | date = Spring 1996 | url = http://www.heritagetrolley.org/TNERJMemphGalv.htm | issn = 1048-3845|accessdate = 2011-05-27 }}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gomacotrolley.com/Resources/pages/melbourne.html |title=Reconditioned Melbourne Trolley |publisher=Gomaco Trolley Co. |access-date=2018-05-01}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gomacotrolley.com/Resources/pages/singletruck.html |title=Single-Truck, Semi-Convertible Enclosed Trolley |publisher=Gomaco Trolley Co. |access-date=2018-05-01}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gomacotrolley.com/Resources/pages/birney_memphis.html |title=Replica Birney Trolley - Memphis, Tennessee |publisher=Gomaco Trolley Co. |access-date=2018-05-01}}
16. ^{{cite magazine |title=Worldwide Review [regular news section]|magazine=Tramways & Urban Transit |publisher=Light Rail Transit Association |date=April 2004 |page=146 |location=UK |ISSN=1460-8324}}
17. ^{{cite news |last=Sells |first=Toby |date=February 11, 2016 |title=MATA Plans Trolley Return |url=https://www.memphisflyer.com/memphis/mata-plans-trolley-return/Content?oid=4452106 |work=Memphis Flyer |publisher=Contemporary Media, Inc. |access-date=2018-05-01}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gomacotrolley.com/Resources/pages/melbourne_hybrid.html |title=Hybrid Reconditioned Melbourne Trolley |publisher=Gomaco Trolley Co. |access-date=2018-05-01}}
19. ^{{cite web | title = MATA - Memphis Area Transit Authority - Trolleys | publisher = Memphis Area Transit Authority | url = http://www.matatransit.com/services/trolleys/ | year = 2013 | accessdate = 2013-08-18}}
20. ^{{cite news |last=Phillips|first=Bianca |url=http://www.memphisflyer.com/NewsBlog/archives/2011/06/01/trolley-collide-at-downtown-intersection |title=Trolleys Collide at Downtown Intersection |newspaper=Memphis Flyer |date=June 1, 2011|accessdate=2013-03-18}}
21. ^1 {{cite news |last=Suriani |first=Mike |url=http://wreg.com/2014/06/12/mata-trolleys-off-the-tracks-for-expensive-safety-overhaul/ |title=MATA Trolleys off the tracks for expensive safety overhaul |newspaper=WREG-TV |date=June 12, 2014 |accessdate=2014-06-13}}
22. ^{{Cite press release|title=Critical questions about temporary trolley suspension|publisher=MATA|date=September 26, 2014|url=http://www.matatransit.com/trolley-suspension-questions/|archive-url=https://archive.is/20150115035639/http://www.matatransit.com/trolley-suspension-questions/|dead-url=yes|archive-date=January 15, 2015|accessdate=2015-01-09}}
23. ^{{Cite press release|title=MATA updates on trolley progress|publisher=MATA|date=December 11, 2014|url=http://www.matatransit.com/innerContent.aspx?id=2096|accessdate=2015-01-09}}
24. ^{{cite news |last=Dries|first=Bill |url=http://www.memphisdailynews.com/news/2015/mar/12/mata-head-draws-heat-on-trolley-delays/ |title=MATA Head Draws Heat on Trolley Delays |newspaper=The Daily News |location=Memphis, Tennessee |date=March 12, 2015 |accessdate=2015-03-12}}
25. ^{{cite news |last=Matthews |first=Mike |url=http://www.localmemphis.com/news/local-news/no-memphis-trolleys-this-year |title=No Memphis Trolleys This Year |newspaper=localmemphis.com |location=Memphis, Tennessee |date=October 7, 2016 |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
External links{{Commons category|Trams in Memphis|MATA Trolley}}- MATA: Trolley Lines
- A Coordinated Human Services Transportation Plan for the Memphis Area - MATA
- Heritagetrolley.org page on Memphis (APTA)
- Railwaypreservation.com page on Memphis (with many photos)
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20030404100306/http://web.presby.edu/~jtbell/transit/Memphis/Trolley/ Memphis Main Street Trolley] (page by Jon Bell)
- Map
{{MATA}}{{USLightRail}}{{Heritage Streetcars}}{{Memphis, Tennessee}} 8 : Heritage railroads in Tennessee|Heritage streetcar systems|Transportation in Memphis, Tennessee|Streetcars in Tennessee|Electric railways in Tennessee|1993 establishments in Tennessee|600 V DC railway electrification|Railway lines opened in 1993 |