| 词条 | Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Most Excellent | name = Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo | honorific-suffix = GE OCIII OCM | image = Visita de Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo a El Puerto de Santa María (centered).jpg | order = Prime Minister of Spain | office = | monarch = Juan Carlos I | deputy = Rodolfo Martín Villa Juan Antonio García Díez | term_start = 25 February 1981 | term_end = 1 December 1982 | predecessor = Adolfo Suárez | successor = Felipe González | signature = Firma_de_Leopoldo_Calvo-Sotelo.svg | order2 = Second Deputy Prime Minister of Spain | office2 = | term_start2 = 9 September 1980 | term_end2 = 25 February 1981 | primeminister2= Adolfo Suárez | predecessor2 = Fernando Abril Martorell | successor2 = Juan Antonio García Díez | office3 = Minister of Economy | term_start3 = 9 September 1980 | term_end3 = 25 February 1981 | primeminister3=Adolfo Suárez | predecessor3 = Fernando Abril Martorell | successor3 = José Luis Leal Maldonado | office4 = Minister for Relations with the European Communities | term_start4 = 25 February 1978 | term_end4 = 9 September 1980 | primeminister4=Adolfo Suárez | predecessor4 = Office created | successor4 = Eduardo Punset | office5 = Minister of Public Works | term_start5 = 4 July 1976 | term_end5 = April 1977 | primeminister5= Adolfo Suárez | predecessor5 = Antonio Valdés | successor5 = Luis Ortiz González | office6 = Minister of Commerce | term_start6 = 13 December 1975 | term_end6 = 6 July 1976 | primeminister6= Carlos Arias Navarro | predecessor6 = José Luis Cerón Ayuso | successor6 = José Lladó | office7 = Member of the Congress of Deputies | term_start7 = 22 July 1977 | term_end7 = 31 August 1982 | constituency7 = Madrid | term_start8 = 28 July 1983 | term_end8 = 23 April 1986 | constituency8 = Madrid | birth_name = Leopoldo Ramón Pedro Calvo-Sotelo y Bustelo | birth_date = {{Birth date|1926|4|14|df=y}} | birth_place = Madrid, Spain | death_date = {{death date and age|2008|5|3|1926|4|14|df=y}} | death_place = Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain | resting_place = Ribadeo Cemetery, Galicia, Spain | spouse = María del Pilar Ibáñez-Martín Mellado | children = Leopoldo (b. 1957) Juan (b. 1958) María del Pilar (b. 1959) Pedro (b. 1960) Víctor María (b. 1961) José María (b. 1964) Andrés (b. 1965) Pablo (b. 1965) | nationality = Spanish | party = Union of the Democratic Centre (1977-1983) | religion = Roman Catholicism }}{{Spanish name|Calvo-Sotelo|Bustelo}} Leopoldo Ramón Pedro Calvo-Sotelo y Bustelo, 1st Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo, GE, OCIII, OCM ({{IPA-es|leoˈpoldo ˈkalβosoˈtelo i βusˈtelo}}; 14 April 1926 – 3 May 2008), known as Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo was Prime Minister of Spain between 1981 and 1982. Early life and careerCalvo-Sotelo was born into a prominent political family in Madrid on 14 April 1926 with his father, Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo,[1] as the writer and his mother, Mercedes Bustelo Márquez.[2] His uncle, José Calvo Sotelo, was the finance minister under Miguel Primo de Rivera, whose murder in 1936 precipitated the triggering of the Spanish Civil War.[2] Calvo-Sotelo graduated as a civil engineer from the School of Civil Engineers of Madrid now part of the Technical University of Madrid, working in the area of applications of chemistry to the industry.[2] He was the president of RENFE (the Spanish national railroad network) between 1967 and 1968. Calvo-Sotelo was elected solicitor (Deputy) of Franco's Cortes, representing industrialists in the Union of Chemical Industries, in 1971.[2] A monarchist, Sotelo was one of the founders of an association of politicians, mostly of Rightists and Center Rightists, which disguised as the Fedisa publishing firm helped Spain's peaceful transition into democracy.[2] Political careerCalvo-Sotelo was designated Minister of Commerce by Carlos Arias Navarro to be in the first government of the Monarchy (December 1975 – July 1976).[2] He advocated total destruction of Franco's ideals instead of mere superficial changes that politicians like Navarro planned.[2] Calvo-Sotelo was kept in the cabinet of Adolfo Suárez upon his succession to premiership in 1976 and directed several centre-right and centre-left political associations into one party, the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD).[2] The UCD won in both the June 1977 and the March 1979 elections[2] and Calvo-Sotelo was elected MP for Madrid. President of the Government of SpainSuárez decided to keep him in the Cabinet, first from 1978 to 1980 as Minister for Relations of the European Economic Community, then as Second Vicepresident in charge of economic affairs.[2] After the resignation of Suárez on 29 January 1981, he was supposed to be appointed Prime Minister ({{lang|es|Presidente del Gobierno}}) on 23 February, and advocated Spain's proposed entry into NATO as soon as possible.[2] However, on that date a session of the Congress of Deputies was interrupted by the attempted coup of 23-F.[2] After the failed coup, his appointment as Prime Minister was confirmed on 25 February by the vote of all the UCD members of the congress and 21 others as well, giving him a majority of 186 to 158.[2] Splits in the UCD group led to the formation of three rival parties, the Democratic Action Party (Partido de Acción Democrática/PAD), which soon merged with the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), the Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) and Democratic Popular Party (PDP), resulting in the UCD being unable to count on sufficient support in the legislature. Fresh elections were called, resulting in a heavy defeat for the UCD, which won only 12 seats at the 1982 election compared to 168 in 1979. He served as Prime Minister until 1 December 1982 and was succeeded by the socialist Felipe González.[2] Later yearsIn 2002, Calvo-Sotelo was raised into the Spanish nobility by King Juan Carlos of Spain and given the hereditary title of Marqués de la Ría de Ribadeo (Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo), together with the dignity Grande de España (English: Grandee of Spain), this in honor for his service.[3][4] Calvo-Sotelo was also a member of the Club of Madrid[5] and of the Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering. He died of cardiac arrest at his home in Pozuelo de Alarcón, on 3 May 2008. Personal lifeHe was married to María del Pilar Ibáñez-Martín y Mellado and had eight children:
General references
References1. ^Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo y Bustelo, 1. marqués de Ría de Ribadeo GeneAll 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 {{cite news|title=Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo: Post-Franco Prime Minister of Spain who survived an attempted coup and was determined to see the country join Nato|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article3872364.ece |work=The Times |location=UK |date=5 May 2008 |accessdate=13 May 2008}} 3. ^Otras disposiciones BOE 25 June 2002 4. ^El Rey nombra a Calvo-Sotelo marqués de la Ría de Ribadeo con Grandeza de España {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307003000/http://www.lavozdegalicia.es/hemeroteca/2002/06/25/1134094.shtml |date=7 March 2016 }} La Voz la Galicia 5. ^Club of Madrid External links{{commonscat-inline}}{{s-start}}{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=José Luis Cerón Ayuso}}{{s-ttl|title= Minister of Commerce|years = 1975–1976}}{{s-aft|after=José Lladó Fernández-Urrutia}}{{s-bef|before=Antonio Valdés González-Roldán}}{{s-ttl|title= Minister of Public Works|years = 1976–1977}}{{s-aft|after=Luis Ortiz González}}{{s-bef|before=Office created}}{{s-ttl|title= Minister for Relations with the European Communities|years = 1978–1980}}{{s-aft|after=Eduardo Punset}}{{s-bef|before=Fernando Abril Martorell}}{{s-ttl|title= Second Deputy Prime Minister of Spain|years = 1980–1981}}{{s-aft|after=Juan Antonio García Díez}}{{s-bef|before=Fernando Abril Martorell}}{{s-ttl|title= Minister of Economy|years = 1980–1981}}{{s-aft|after=José Luis Leal Maldonado}}{{s-bef|before=Adolfo Suárez}}{{s-ttl|title=Prime Minister of Spain|years = 1981–1982}}{{s-aft|after=Felipe González}}{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Office created}}{{s-ttl|title=Secretary-General of the Union of the Democratic Centre|years=1977-1978}}{{s-aft|after=Rafael Arias-Salgado}}{{s-bef|before=Office created}}{{s-ttl|title=Leader of the Centrist Group in the Congress of Deputies|years=1977–1978}}{{s-aft|after=Antonio Jiménez Blanco}}{{s-bef|before=Agustín Rodríguez Sahagún}}{{s-ttl|title=President of the Union of the Democratic Centre|years=1981–1982}}{{s-aft|after=Landelino Lavilla}}{{s-reg|es}}{{S-new|creation}}{{S-ttl|title= Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo| years = 2002–2008}}{{S-aft|after= Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín}}{{s-end}}{{Prime Ministers of Spain}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Calvo Sotelo, Leopoldo}} 13 : 1926 births|2008 deaths|Politicians from Madrid|Grandees of Spain|Marquesses of Spain|Members of the constituent Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Members of the first Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Members of the second Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Prime Ministers of Spain|Spanish Roman Catholics|Polytechnic University of Madrid alumni|Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain) politicians|Deputy Prime Ministers of Spain |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。