| 词条 | Mavisbank House |
| 释义 |
Mavisbank is a country house outside Loanhead, south of Edinburgh in Midlothian, Scotland. It was designed by the architect William Adam, in collaboration with his client, Sir John Clerk of Penicuik, and was constructed between 1723 and 1727. [1] The first Palladian villa in Scotland,[2] it is described by Historic Scotland as "one of Scotland's most important country houses".[3] The house was altered in the 19th century, but suffered decades of neglect in the 20th century. The interiors were gutted by fire in 1973, and the house remains a ruin. {{As of| May 2009}}, plans exist to partially restore the building, and manage the estate as a community asset. Design and constructionLater history and declineThe house passed out of the Clerk family in 1815.[7] In 1840, the house was extended, possibly to designs by Thomas Hamilton, the symmetrical additions including a ballroom.[3] The building became an asylum in 1876.[7] Additions were made to the front of the pavilions in the 1880s.[3] Further extensions were made in the 1920s, but in 1946, Dr W. M. Harrowes, Medical Superintendent for Edinburgh purchased the property, and demolished all the additions made since the 18th century. His intended restoration of the house went unrealised, however. In the 1950s, the forecourt was used as a car park for cars both used and scrap by local man Archie Stevenson, and neglect set in. The building was gutted by fire in 1973, destroying the roof and interiors. In 1986, Mr Stevenson was evicted from Mavisbank along with several other people who stayed in caravans on the property.[7] Ownership of the house remained uncertain, however, as Stevenson had sold portions the property to three possibly fictitious persons in the United States.[8] In July 2008, Historic Scotland was still pursuing compulsory purchase of the building.[9] Restoration proposalsPrevious stabilisation work was carried out in the 1980s under emergency powers, following the threatened demolition of the structure. The Mavisbank Trust, a subsidiary of Edinburgh & Lothians Greenspace Trust, was formed in 2002 to explore longer-term solutions for the restoration of the house and grounds.[10] In August 2003, Mavisbank was featured in the BBC Television programme Restoration, in which the public were invited to vote for restoration proposals. Mavisbank reached the final round, but lost out to Manchester's Victoria Baths.[11] In 2008, Historic Scotland examined two options: stabilisation of the building as a ruin; or creation of a "developer's shell", which could be sold and completed by a third party.[12] The Mavisbank Trust continues to work with the community, Historic Scotland, Midlothian Council and Edinburgh & Lothians Greenspace Trust to find a sustainable future for Mavisbank which respects its natural and built heritage value whilst providing greater access to the local communities. A local campaign group, Friends of Mavisbank, has been formed with the aim of promoting some limited architectural intervention, while improving public access to the estate. [13] See also
Notes1. ^{{cite news|title=Removal of shrubs reveals ancient Roman fort paths|url=http://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/removal-of-shrubs-reveals-ancient-roman-fort-paths-1-3376650|newspaper=Edinburgh News}} 2. ^{{cite book|authorlink=Dan Cruickshank|first=Dan|last=Cruickshank|title=A guide to the Georgian Buildings of Britain & Ireland|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=1985|isbn=0-297-78610-5|pages=226–7}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB7404|desc=Mavisbank House, (Formerly New Saughtonhall)...|cat=A|access-date=2019-03-27}} 4. ^Fleming, p.44 5. ^Gifford, pp.90–94 6. ^Colvin, p.258 7. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.simpsonandbrown.co.uk/projects/mavisbank.html |title=Mavisbank House, Lothian |publisher=Simpson and Brown |accessdate=2009-05-28}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mavisbank.org.uk/history_architecture.htm |title=History and Architecture |publisher=The Mavisbank Trust |accessdate=2009-05-31 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080112141928/http://www.mavisbank.org.uk/history_architecture.htm |archivedate=2008-01-12}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.midlothian.gov.uk/council/pressreleases/pressreleasearchivedetails.aspx?ReleaseID=2262 |title=Minister announces stabilisation programme for Mavisbank House |publisher=Midlothian Council |accessdate=2009-05-31}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mavisbank.org.uk/mavisbank_trust.htm |title=The Mavisbank Trust |publisher=The Mavisbank Trust |accessdate=2009-05-31 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008233034/http://www.mavisbank.org.uk/mavisbank_trust.htm |archivedate=2007-10-08}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://living.scotsman.com/features/Mansion-homes-in-on-top.2454630.jp |title=Mansion homes in on top prize |work=The Scotsman |date=21 August 2003 |accessdate=2009-05-31}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.historic-scotland.gov.uk/hsb_15-08_mavisbank_1.pdf |title=Historic Scotland Board, Mavisbank House |date=April 2008 |publisher=Historic Scotland |accessdate=2009-06-19}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mavisbank.plus.com/objectives.htm |title=Mavisbank - The Alternative |publisher=Friends of mavisbank |accessdate=2009-06-19}} References
External links
7 : Houses completed in 1727|Category A listed buildings in Midlothian|Listed houses in Scotland|William Adam buildings|Country houses in Midlothian|Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes|Ruins in Midlothian |
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