| 词条 | Ma'ya language |
| 释义 |
|name=Ma'ya |states=Indonesia |speakers={{sigfig|5150|1}} |date=2000–2001 |ref=e18 |familycolor=Austronesian |fam2=Malayo-Polynesian |fam3=Nuclear MP |fam4=(Central–Eastern) |fam5=Halmahera–Cenderawasih |fam6=Halmahera Sea |fam7=Maya–Matbat |lc1=slz |ld1=Salawati |lc2=kgb |ld2=Kawe |lc3=lcc |ld3=Legenyem |lc4=wuy |ld4=Wauyai |glotto=raja1258 |glottorefname=Raja Ampat Maya }}Ma'ya is an Austronesian language spoken in West Papua by 6,000 people. It is spoken in coastal villages on the islands Misool, Salawati, and Waigeo in the Raja Ampat islands.[1] It is spoken on the boundary between Austronesian and Papuan languages.[1] Both its tone and stress are lexically distinctive.[1][2] That means both the stress and the pitch of a word may affect meaning. The stress and tone are quite independent from one another, in contrast to their occurrence in Swedish and Serbo-Croatian. It has three tonemes (high, rising and falling). Out of over a thousand Austronesian languages, there are only a dozen with lexical tone; in this case it appears to be a remnant of shift from Papuan languages. Ma'ya has five dialects, three on the island of Waigeo (Laganyan, Wauyai, and Kawe), one on Salawati, and one (extinct or nearly extinct) on Batanta. The prestige dialect is the one on Salawati. The Waigeo dialects have /s/ and /ʃ/, where the varieties spoken on Salawati and Misool have /t/ and /c/ respectively. Batanta, now extinct, was evidently unintelligible with its neighbours.[3] See also
References1. ^http://www.iias.nl/nl/32/IIAS_NL32_29.pdf New Perspectives inWord-Prosodic Typology by Bert Remijsen 2. ^{{cite journal |last1=Rivera-Castillo |first1=Yolanda |last2=Pickering |first2=Lucy |year= 2004|title=PHONETIC CORRELATES OF STRESS AND TONE IN A MIXED SYSTEM |journal=Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages |publisher= |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=261–284 |url=http://google.com/scholar?q=cache:TOq4DwMlWOkJ:scholar.google.com/&hl=en&as_sdt=2000&as_vis=1 |doi= 10.1075/jpcl.19.2.02riv|citeseerx=10.1.1.538.9834 }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal |last1=Remijsen |first1=Bert |year=2001 |title=Dialectal Variation in the Lexical Tone System of Ma'ya |journal=Language and Speech |publisher= |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=473–499 |url=http://las.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/44/4/473 |doi= 10.1177/00238309010440040301|pmid=12162695 }} Further reading
3 : Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages|Languages of western New Guinea|Tonal languages |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。