| 词条 | Merthyr Synagogue |
| 释义 |
The former Merthyr Synagogue is located on Bryntirion Road in the Thomastown section of Merthyr Tydfil, Wales. It is a Grade II listed building[1] and thought to be the oldest purpose-built synagogue still standing in Wales.[1] HistoryThe Jewish congregation of Merthyr was established in 1848 at a time when Merthyr Tydfil was a centre of the industrial revolution and the largest town in Wales. The new congregation called itself the "Merthyr Tydfil Hebrew Congregation", and erected its first synagogue in 1852–1855 in John Street. That first building was demolished in the 1990s.[2] The 1855 building was replaced by the prosperous congregation with the surviving synagogue building in 1872–1875. The congregation had 27 head-of-household members in 1900.[3] The congregation, which had been dwindling, was rededicated in 1955.[4] In the 1980s, the congregation was closed and the building was sold and became the Merthyr Christian Centre.[5][6] As of 2006 the former synagogue was in use as a gymnasium.[2] In 2008 there was a plan to convert the building into eight residential apartments whilst preserving the exterior of this building.[7] ArchitectureThe synagogue is a stone building designed in Gothic Revival style, as were the former synagogues of Llanelli and Pontypridd. Unlike the "simple," "charming" Gothic synagogues that once graced Llanelli and Pontypridd, however, the synagogue of Merthyr Tydfil is a "Disneyland" fantasy of a building that architectural historian Sharman Kadish calls a "double-turreted Gothic folly" of a building.[2] Kadish considers the Merthyr Synagogue to be "architecturally speaking one of the most important synagogues in the UK."[2] The building is four storeys high, five when the raised basement is counted. It is crowned by a high gable two storeys tall, capped with stone finials. A double stone staircase rises to the Gothic entrance door. Two storeys above the door there is a pair of Gothic pointed-arch windows. Flanking the door and pointed-arch windows, a pair of hexagonal, stone turrets rise three storeys and are topped with hexagonal, conical roofs pointing skyward.[2] As of 2006 the former Torah Ark has been moved into the raised basement where it was being preserved.[2] The gable is complete with a Welsh dragon; Merthyr may be the only synagogue in the world to feature a dragon perched on the front gable.[2] The identity of the architect is unknown.[2] See also
References1. ^Glamorgan: (Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan and West Glamorgan), Stephen R. Hughes, Anthony Ward, Yale University Press, 1995, p. 438 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Kadish, Sharman (2006). Jewish Heritage in England : An Architectural Guide. English Heritage., p. 203 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/Community/merth/index.htm |title=JCR-UK – Merthyr Tydfil Hebrew Congregation (Synagogue)(closed), South Wales |date=12 April 2010 |publisher=Jewish Communities & Records United Kingdom |accessdate=30 March 2011}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/Community/merth/Newspapers.htm#January151955 |title=Synagogue Reconsecrated by Chief Rabbi of Commonwealth |author= |date=15 January 1955 |work=Merthyr Express |publisher=Jewish Communities & Records United Kingdom |accessdate=30 March 2011}} 5. ^Aftermath: remembering the Great War in Wales, Angela Gaffney, University of Wales Press, 1998, p. 129 6. ^The chosen people: Wales & the Jews, Grahame Davies, Seren, 2002, p. 15 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.synergyarchitects.co.uk/residential.html |title=Projects Residential |publisher=Synergy Architects |accessdate=30 March 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007235856/http://www.synergyarchitects.co.uk/residential.html |archivedate=7 October 2011 |df= }} External links
11 : Synagogues in Wales|Former synagogues in the United Kingdom|Gothic Revival synagogues|Religious organizations established in 1848|Religious buildings completed in 1855|19th-century synagogues|Grade II listed buildings in Merthyr Tydfil County Borough|Grade II listed places of worship|1848 establishments in Wales|Gothic Revival architecture in Wales|Former places of worship in Wales |
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