| 词条 | Milacidae |
| 释义 |
| image = Tandonia budapestensis.jpg | image_caption = Tandonia budapestensis | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Mollusca | classis = Gastropoda | unranked_superfamilia = clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Panpulmonata clade Eupulmonata clade Stylommatophora informal group Sigmurethra clade limacoid clade | superfamilia = Parmacelloidea | familia = Milacidae | familia_authority = Ellis, 1926 | diversity_link = | diversity_ref = [1][2] | diversity = 2 genera, about 50 species, less than 50 species | synonyms = }} Milacidae is a family of air-breathing, keeled, land slugs. These are shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Parmacelloidea. This family has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). DistributionThe distribution of the Milacidae includes the western Palearctic.[3] AnatomyIn this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 31 and 35 (according to the values in this table).[3] GeneraGenera within the family Milacidae include:
CladogramThe following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family to the other families in the limacoid clade:[4] {{clade|label1= limacoid clade |1={{clade |label1= Staffordioidea |1=Staffordiidae |2={{clade |1={{clade |label1= Dyakioidea |1=Dyakiidae |label2= Gastrodontoidea |2={{clade |1=Pristilomatidae |2={{clade |1=Chronidae |2={{clade |1=Euconulidae |2=Trochomorphidae |3={{clade |1=Gastrodontidae |2=Oxychilidae }} }} }} }} |2={{clade |label1= Parmacelloidea |1={{clade |1=Trigonochlamydidae |2=Parmacellidae |3=Milacidae |2={{clade |1={{clade |label1= Zonitoidea |1=Zonitidae |label2= Helicarionoidea |2={{clade |1=Helicarionidae |2={{clade |1=Ariophantidae |2=Urocyclidae }} }} }} |label2= Limacoidea |2={{clade |1=Vitrinidae |2={{clade |1=Boettgerillidae |2={{clade |1=Limacidae |2=Agriolimacidae }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} References1. ^{{pl icon}} Wiktor A. (1989). Limacoidea et Zonitoidea nuda. Slimaki pomrowioksztaltne (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Fauna Poloniae 12, Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa, 208 pp., page 184. 2. ^Reise H., Hutchinson J. M. C. & Robinson D. G. (2006). "Two introduced pest slugs: Tandonia budapestensis new to the Americas, and Deroceras panormitanum new to the Eastern USA". Veliger 48: 110-115. PDF 3. ^Barker G. M.: Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): [https://books.google.com/books?id=WlvX-9Wt0toC&hl The biology of terrestrial molluscs]. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, {{ISBN|0-85199-318-4}}. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142. 4. ^1 Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. {{doi|10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x}}, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2656267 JSTOR]. Further reading
External links
1 : Milacidae |
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