| 词条 | Milbemycin oxime |
| 释义 |
| Verifiedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 450771830 | IUPAC_name = | image = Milbemycinoxime.png | tradename = | pregnancy_AU = | pregnancy_US = | pregnancy_category = | legal_AU = | legal_CA = | legal_UK = | legal_US = | legal_status = | routes_of_administration = Oral | bioavailability = 5–10% | protein_bound = | metabolism = Liver | elimination_half-life = | excretion = Biliary | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CAS_number = 129496-10-2 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}} | UNII = 0502PUN0GT | ATCvet = yes | ATC_prefix = P54 | ATC_suffix = AB01 | ATC_supplemental = | PubChem = | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = | chemical_formula = C31H43NO7 (30%) C32H45NO7 (70%) | C= | H= | N= | O= | molecular_weight = 541.68 g/mol (30%) 555.702 g/mol (70%) | smiles = }} Milbemycin oxime (trade name Interceptor, marketed by Elanco) is a veterinary drug from the group of milbemycins, used as a broad spectrum antiparasitic. It is active against worms (anthelmintic) and mites (miticide). Mechanism of actionLike avermectins, milbemycins are products of fermentation by Streptomyces species. They have a similar mechanism of action, but a longer half-life than the avermectins. Milbemycin oxime is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus aureolacrimosus. It opens glutamate sensitive chloride channels in neurons and myocytes of invertebrates, leading to hyperpolarisation of these cells and blocking of signal transfer.[1] UsesMilbemycin oxime is active against a broad spectrum of nematodes. Its miticide spectrum includes Sarcoptes and Demodex. The drug is FDA-approved for prevention of heartworm in dogs and cats,[2] although it is less potent against heartworms than ivermectin.{{Citation needed|date=May 2017}} The substance is often combined with other parasiticides to achieve a broader spectrum of action. Such products include:
The drug has been used in marine reef aquaria to control parasitic Tegastidae copepod infestations on captive hard coral colonies. Other arthropod invertebrates will be killed by the treatment.[3][4] Side effectsThe drug is usually tolerated well, but such side effects may occur such as vomiting, phlegming, and glassy eyes.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}} References1. ^{{cite book|last=Mehlhorn|first=Heinz|title=Encyclopedia of Parasitology: A-M|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jpg1ysgVn-AC&pg=PA646|year=2008|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-540-48994-8|page=646}} {{Endectocides}}2. ^{{cite web|title=NADA 140-915 Interceptor® - supplemental approval (September 9, 1996)|url=https://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/Products/ApprovedAnimalDrugProducts/FOIADrugSummaries/ucm054860.htm}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Roberts|first=Helen E.|title=Fundamentals of Ornamental Fish Health|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZwydxKMbzz8C&pg=PT93|year=2011|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-119-94948-0|pages=93–94}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Lewbart|first=Gregory A.|title=Invertebrate Medicine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NaAMh8sEU4oC&pg=PA71|year=2011|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-96078-3|page=71}} 4 : Anthelmintics|Insecticides|Veterinary drugs|Spiro compounds |
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