| 词条 | Milecastle 7 | ||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Milecastle 7 |image = West Road (A186) - geograph.org.uk - 4421551.jpg |caption = Milecastle 7 probably lies near the A186 road |image_alt = |image2 = Denton Hall Turret on the Roman Wall - geograph.org.uk - 103160.jpg |image2_size = 250 |caption2 = Turret 7B and attached wall |coordinates = {{Coord|54.980119|-1.676469|display=inline,title}} |location = Tyne and Wear, England, UK |pushpin_map = United Kingdom Tyne and Wear |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tyne and Wear |gridref = {{gbmappingsmall|NZ20806510}} |pushpin_label_position=top }}{{RomanMilitary}} Milecastle 7 (Benwell Bank or Benwell Hill) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. The milecastle itself has not been discovered by archaeologists and its presumed location lies beneath a modern housing development. Roman finds have been made in the area and the associated structure of Turret 7B is a significant surviving structure of the wall. ConstructionMilecastle 7 has not been located. English Heritage currently lists it at a presumed location midway between Turret 6B (which was located in 1751) and Turret 7A (which has visible remains).[1] This location is covered by modern housing development.[1] Excavations and investigationsA site investigation in 1928 failed to discover any trace of the milecastle.[1] Three stones have been found in the area of Milecastle 7 bearing the markings of the Legio II Augusta. Their style dates them to the late 2nd century AD, suggesting that the wall here was repaired around that date.[2] Associated TurretsEach milecastle on Hadrian's Wall had two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one-third and two-thirds of a Roman mile to the west of the Milecastle, and would probably have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 7 are known as Turret 7A and Turret 7B. Turret 7ATurret 7A is located in Denton Burn, in between Thorntree Drive and Brignall Gardens off the A186.[3] During the construction of a nearby house in 1923 a sestertius coin dating to the reign of Emperor Trajan was discovered.[3] Another coin was found in 1929.[3]Location: {{coord|54.981843|-1.682549|type:landmark_region:GB|display=inline|name=Turret 7A}} Turret 7BTurret 7B (Denton Hall Turret or Denton Turret) is located in West Denton opposite East Denton Hall (also known as Bishops House) on West Road.[4] The turret is up to six courses high and is made from sandstone. It is recessed by {{convert|5|ft|m}} into a section of the broad part of Hadrian's Wall that measures 65m long.[4] Turret 7B is {{convert|13|ft|m}} wide north to south and {{convert|14|ft|m}} east to west with a {{convert|3|ft|8|in|m}} wide entrance in its south side.[4] The wall associated with Turret 7B is the furthest east of the known surviving sections.[5]The turret was first located in 1928 and excavated by the Office of Works in 1929.[4] The excavation discovered a heap of pottery in the centre of the east wall, which has been suggested as the location of a window.[6] Three different levels of floor were found suggesting three stages of occupation of 122–196, 205–295 and 300–367 AD.[4][6] The original floor was constructed of clay and contained a hearth and a stone box, with a stone bowl on it, the floor had been partially repaired with flagstones. A spearhead and the binding from a shield were discovered within the repair.[6] A building had been constructed over the turret and 18th-century pottery remains associated with this were also found.[6] Another excavation was carried out in 1936.[4] It has been proposed that Turret 7B was one of the structures garrisoned by soldiers based at the Condercum fort in Benwell.[7] The turret was placed under English Heritage guardianship by 1971.[4] The turret and attached wall are maintained as a single property by English Heritage (known as "Denton Hall Turret"). The organisation operates the property as an open access site with no entrance fees.[8][9] Turret 7B was the first site on Hadrian's Wall visited in Guy de la Bédoyère's BBC Radio 4 series The Romans in Britain.[10] Location: {{coord|54.984139|-1.691234|type:landmark_region:GB|display=inline|name=Turret 7B}} Monument records
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=24841|title=Milecastle 7|publisher=English Heritage|work=Pastscape|accessdate=14 May 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100910163720/http%3A//pastscape.english%2Dheritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id%3D24841|archivedate=10 September 2010|df=}} {{Milecastles}}2. ^{{Citation | first = David J | last = Breeze | title = Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition – Nov 2006) | publisher = Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne | year = 1934 | page = 158 | isbn = 0-901082-65-1}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=24842|title=Turret 7A|publisher=English Heritage|work=Pastscape|accessdate=14 May 2010}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=22648|title=Turret 7B|publisher=English Heritage|work=Pastscape|accessdate=14 May 2010}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Hadrian's Wall, England|url=http://artflx.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.24:6.princetonencyc|work=The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites|accessdate=18 May 2010}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{Citation | first = David J | last = Breeze | title = Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition – Nov 2006) | publisher = Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne | year = 1934 | pages = 160 | isbn = 0-901082-65-1}} 7. ^{{cite web|last=Lindsay|first=Allason-Jones|title=Material culture and identity|url=http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/cbaresrep/pdf/125/roman-270605125-chap3.pdf|publisher=Archaeology Data Service|accessdate=18 May 2010}} 8. ^{{cite web|publisher=English Heritage|title=Denton Hall Turret|url=http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/daysout/properties/denton-hall-turret/|accessdate=18 May 2010}} 9. ^{{cite web|publisher=Britain Express|title=Denton Hall Turret (Hadrian's Wall)|url=http://www.britainexpress.com/attractions.htm?attraction=3633|accessdate=18 May 2010}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Hadrian's Wall|url=http://www.open2.net/historyandthearts/history/alongwall.html|publisher=BBC|accessdate=18 May 2010}} 1 : Milecastles of Hadrian's Wall |
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