| 词条 | Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center |
| 释义 |
| name = Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center | iucn_category = | iucn_ref = | photo = Julien dubuque grave.jpg | photo_caption = Julien Dubuque's monument | map = USA Iowa | map_image = | map_size = | map_caption = Location of Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center in Iowa | relief = 1 | location = Dubuque, Iowa, United States | nearest_city = | nearest_town = | coordinates = {{coord|42|27|45|N|90|39|45|W|display=inline,title}} | coords_ref = | length = | length_mi = | length_km = | width = | width_mi = | width_km = | area_acre = 1380 | area_ref = | elevation = {{convert|751|ft|m|abbr=on}}[1] | elevation_avg = | elevation_min = | elevation_max = | dimensions = | designation = | authorized = | created = | designated = | established = 1981 | named_for = Julien Dubuque's Mines | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | visitation_ref = | governing_body = Iowa Department of Natural Resources | administrator = | operator = | owner = | website = | embedded = {{Infobox NRHP |embed=yes | name =Julien Dubuque's Mines | nrhp_type = nhld | nocat = yes | image = | caption = | area = | built =1897 | architect= Alexander Simplot; Carter Bros. | architecture= Late Gothic Revival | designated_nrhp_type= November 04, 1993[2] | added = November 21, 1988[3] | governing_body = State | mpsub=Mines of Spain Archeological MPS | refnum=88002662 }} }} The Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center is a state park in Dubuque County, Iowa, USA. It is near Dubuque, the eighth-largest city in the state. The park features picnic areas, {{convert|15|mi|km}} of walking/hiking trails, {{convert|4|mi|km}} of ski trails, and the Betty Hauptli Bird and Butterfly Garden. It also includes archaeological sites of national importance as an early lead mining and smelting venture led by French explorer Julien Dubuque, as well as Dubuque's gravesite. These sites were collectively designated a National Historic Landmark District as Julien Dubuque's Mines. History{{stack|}}Meskwaki Indians were believed to be the first people in the area, residing in the area for up to 8000 years previous to discovery by Julien Dubuque, believed to be the first European to set foot in Iowa. The Meskwaki had been trading furs with French Voyageurs, as well as mining lead in the area. The Governor of Spain gave Dubuque a grant to work Spanish-owned land, naming the {{convert|1380|acre|sing=on}} area The Mines of Spain. Mining would continue by the Meskwaki, then by European settlers until 1914. These activities left a complex of archaeological sites, including prehistoric native settlement sites, the mining village of the Meskwaki, Dubuque's trading post, the mining areas themselves, and later mining-related areas. Unique featuresFrom a horseshoe-shaped area, Horseshoe Bluff, the geology of the area is visible. Ordovician dolomite is evident, and two trails lead to a blind. See also
References1. ^{{cite web | url={{Gnis3|463773}} | title=Mines of Spain State Park | date = 2000-01-01 | work=Geographic Names Information System | publisher=United States Geological Survey | accessdate=2011-02-27}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2042&ResourceType=District|title=Julien Dubuque's Mines|accessdate=2007-10-10|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809232449/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=2042&ResourceType=District|archivedate=2007-08-09|df=}} 3. ^{{NRISref|2007a}} External links
14 : State parks of Iowa|Nature centers in Iowa|Protected areas on the Mississippi River|Protected areas established in 1981|Protected areas of Dubuque County, Iowa|National Historic Landmarks in Iowa|Buildings and structures in Dubuque County, Iowa|Monuments and memorials in Iowa|National Register of Historic Places in Dubuque County, Iowa|Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa|Historic American Buildings Survey in Iowa|Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa|Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa|1981 establishments in Iowa |
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