词条 | Ministry of Justice (premodern Japan) |
释义 |
The {{nihongo|Ministry of Justice|刑部省|Gyōbu-shō|lit. "department of penal affairs"}} was a division of the eighth century Japanese government of the Imperial Court in Kyoto,[1] instituted in the Asuka period and formalized during the Heian period. The Ministry was replaced in the Meiji period. OverviewThe nature of the ministry was modified in response to changing times. The ambit of the Gyōbu-shō activities encompassed, for example:
HistoryThe duties, responsibilities and focus of the ministry evolved over time. The ritsuryō system of laws were interpreted and applied by bureaucracies which distinguished punishment (gyōbushō) and censorship (danjodai). These were merged in 1871 when the {{nihongo|Ministry of Justice|司法省|shihōshō}} was established under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan.[3] HierarchyThe Ministry of Justice brought together a judiciary and penal system management.[4] The top ritsuryō officials within this ministry structure were:
See also
Notes1. ^Kawakami, Karl Kiyoshi. (1903). {{Google books|Tm0uAAAAYAAJ|The Political Ideas of the Modern Japan, pp. 36-38.|page=36}} 2. ^1 2 Kawakami, {{Google books|Tm0uAAAAYAAJ|p. 38 n1,|page=37}} citing Ito Hirobumi, Commentaries on the Japanese Constitution, p. 87 (1889). 3. ^Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric et al. (2005). "Shihōshō" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|Japan Encyclopedia, p. 855.|page=855}} 4. ^Ministry of Justice, Sheffield. 5. ^1 Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). {{Google books|18oNAAAAIAAJ|Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 431.|page=431}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Titsingh, {{Google books|18oNAAAAIAAJ|p. 432.|page=432}} References
4 : Government of feudal Japan|Meiji Restoration|Former government ministries of Japan|Justice ministries |
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