“Mino Martinazzoli”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Mino Martinazzoli

释义

Career
Notes
Sources

{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Mino Martinazzoli
| image = Mino_Martinazzoli.jpg
| office = Mayor of Brescia
| term_start = 5 December 1994
| term_end = 14 December 1998
| predecessor = Paolo Corsini
| successor = Paolo Corsini
| office2 = Minister of Defence
| term_start2 = 22 July 1989
| term_end2 = 27 July 1990
| primeminister2 = Giulio Andreotti
| predecessor2 = Valerio Zanone
| successor2 = Virginio Rognoni
| office3 = Minister of Justice
| term_start3 = 4 August 1983
| term_end3 = 1 August 1986
| primeminister3 = Bettino Craxi
| predecessor3 = Clelio Darida
| successor3 = Virginio Rognoni
| office4 = Member of the Chamber of Deputies
| term_start4 = 12 July 1983
| term_end4 = 22 April 1992
| office5 = Member of the Senate
| term_start5 = 25 May 1972
| term_end5 = 12 July 1983
| term_start6 = 22 April 1992
| term_end6 = 14 April 1994
| birth_name = Fermo Martinazzoli
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1931|11|30|df=y}}
| birth_place = Orzinuovi, Italy
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2011|9|4|1931|11|30|df=y}}
| death_place = Brescia, Italy
| nationality = Italian
| alma_mater = University of Pavia
| party = DC {{small|(till 1994)}}
PPI {{small|(1994-2002)}}
UDEUR {{small|(2004-2011)}}
}}

Fermo Mino Martinazzoli ({{IPA-it|ˈfermo ˈmiːno martinatˈtsɔːli}}; Orzinuovi, 3 November 1931 – Brescia, 4 September 2011^[1]) was an Italian lawyer, politician and former Minister. He was the last secretary of the Christian Democracy (Democrazia Cristiana, DC) party and the first secretary of the Italian People's Party (Partito Popolare) founded in 1994.

Career

Martinazzoli studied at Collegio Borromeo in Pavia, where he received a law degree. He then became a lawyer.

In the years 1960–1970s he assumed official roles in Brescia's DC, and became president of the province (1970–1972). He was also elected in the Italian Senate, after which he became Minister of Justice in 1983, a position he held for three years. In 1986–1989 he was president of DC's deputies. In 1989–1990 he was Minister of Defence, but resigned (together with other ministers of DC's left wing) after the approval of a law which strengthened Silvio Berlusconi's monopoly over private TV channels in Italy.

In 1992, when Democrazia Cristiana was being wiped out by the Tangentopoli bribery scandal, Martinazzoli, generally respected as an honest and competent man, was elected national secretary. Despite his efforts, the political crisis which followed the corruption scandals forced him to dissolve DC in 1994. Martinazzoli then founded a new party, based on similar ideals, known as People's Party" (1994–2002) (Partito Popolare Italiano, or PPI), whose name recalled that of the ancestor of DC, which was founded in the early 20th century by Luigi Sturzo.

In the new majoritarian system, Martinazzoli's party placed itself in the center, between the left (which included the heirs of the Italian Communist Party) and the new Silvio Berlusconi's Forza Italia, which had allied with the northern regionalist party, Lega Nord, and the post-fascist Alleanza Nazionale. His will not to ally with any of them caused numerous politicians (such as Pierferdinando Casini and Clemente Mastella) to leave PPI and form the Centro Cristiano Democratico, which supported Berlusconi. At the 1994 elections, Martinazzoli formed a center alliance known as Pact for Italy, including PPI and other democratic centre forces. However, the result of the election was disappointing, with PPI obtaining 11%, some one third of DC's consensus before its dissolution. In the same year, he accepted to run as mayor of Brescia for the new centre-left formation L'Ulivo, winning the final ballot and acting as mayor until 1998. In 2000 he lost the competition with Roberto Formigoni for the presidency of Lombardy.

After PPI was dissolved in 2002, Martinazzoli migrated to Mastella's UDEUR (2004), being appointed as its president. He resigned in 2005.

Notes

1. ^È morto Mino Martinazzoli {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007211321/http://www.asca.it/news-E__MORTO_MINO_MARTINAZZOLI-1046673-ORA-.html |date=2011-10-07 }} ASCA, 4 September 2011

Sources

{{cite book|first=Annachiara|last=Valle|year=2009|title=Uno strano democristiano|publisher=Rizzoli|location=Milan}}

{{s-start}}{{s-par|it-lwr}}{{s-bef|before=Clelio Darida}}{{s-ttl|title=Italian Minister of Justice|years=August 4, 1983 – August 1, 1986}}{{s-aft|after=Virginio Rognoni}}{{s-bef|before=Valerio Zanone}}{{s-ttl|title=Italian Minister of Defence|years=July 22, 1989 – July 27, 1990}}{{s-aft|after=Virginio Rognoni}}{{s-bef|before=Antonio Maccanico}}{{s-ttl|title=Italian Minister of Reforms and Regions|years=April 12, 1991 – June 27, 1992}}{{s-aft|after=none

Raffaele Costa Regions}}

{{s-bef|before=Arnaldo Forlani}}{{s-ttl|title=Secretary of the Italian Christian Democracy|years=October 1992 – January 1994}}{{s-aft|after=none}}{{s-bef|before=None}}{{s-ttl|title=Secretary of the Italian People's Party|years= 1994}}{{s-aft|after=Rocco Buttiglione}}{{s-end}}
{{Craxi I Cabinet}}{{Andreotti VI Cabinet}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Martinazzoli, Fermo Mino}}

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