| 词条 | Mirza Muhammad Rafi Sauda |
| 释义 |
Mirza Mohammad rafi 'Sauda' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|مِرزا مُحمّد رفِیع سَودا }}}}), (1713–1781) was an Urdu poet in Delhi, India. He is known for his Ghazals and Urdu Qasidas.[1] BiographyHe was born in 1713 [2] in Shahjahanabad (i.e. Old Delhi), where he was also brought up.[3][4] At the age of 60 or 66, he moved to Farrukhabad (with Nawab Bangash),[2] and lived there from 1757 to about 1770.[3][5] In A.H. 1185 (1771–72) he moved to the court of Nawab of Awadh (then in Faizabad) and remained there until his death.[3] When Lucknow became the state capital, he came there with Nawab Shujauddaula.[4] He died in A.H. 1195 (1780–81) in Lucknow.[3][2][6] Ustads and shagirdsSulaimān Qulī Ḳhān 'Vidād' and Shāh Ḥātim were his Ustads (teachers of Urdu poetry).[2][7] King Shah Alam was Shagird (student of Urdu poetry) of Sauda.[2] He was also Ustad of Shujauddaulla. Nawab Āṣif ud-Daulah gave him title of Malkushshu'ara and annual pension of Rs 6,000.[2] WorksInitially he composed in Persian, but switched to Urdu on the advice of his ustad, Ḳhān-e Ārzū.[2] His work was translated in 1872 by Major Henry Court, Captain, Bengal Cavalry.[8] Kulliyat of Sauda was compiled by Ḥakīm Sayyid Aṣlaḥ. ud-Dīn Ḳhān wrote the introduction.[2] Sauda's works from his Kulliyat are:[9]
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00urdu/sauda/txt_pegors_jsal1990.pdf |title=A Shahr-ashob of Sauda, translated by Mark Pegors |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/PK2155.H8413/141172d3.html#poet_saudaa |title=Aab-e hayaat (1880) on Sauda |publisher=Dsal.uchicago.edu |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00urdu/sauda/txt_russell_1968.pdf |title=Chapter 2 of Three Mughal Poets: Mir Sauda, Mir Hasan*, by Ralph Russell and Khurshidul Islam (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1968) |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|author=Frances Pritchett |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00urdu/sauda/00introcourt.html |title=Introduction of Selections from the Kulliyat of Sauda, by Major Henry Court, 1872 |publisher=Columbia.edu |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}} 5. ^To be more precise, some time between A.H. 1183 (A.D. 1769–1770) and A.H. 1185 (A.D. 1771–1772). Cf. Shaikh Cand, pp. 55–56 6. ^An Urdu chronogram by Faḳhr ud-Dīn; Persian chronograms by Muṣḥafī and Mīr Qamar ud-Dīn 'Minnat'. 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://dsal.uchicago.edu/digbooks/digpager.html?BOOKID=PK2167.A84&object=144 |title=Azad, Muhammad Husain Ab-i hayat: yani mashahir shura-yi Urdu ke savanih umri aur zaban-i mazkur ki ahd ba ahd ki taraqqiyon aur islahon ka bayan. Lahor: Naval Kishor 1907 |publisher=Dsal.uchicago.edu |date=8 April 2010 |accessdate=11 May 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web|author=Frances Pritchett |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00urdu/sauda/index.html |title=Selections from the Kulliyat of Sauda, by Major Henry Court, 1872 |publisher=Columbia.edu |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web|author=Frances Pritchett |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00urdu/sauda/00introfwp.html |title=Introduction by FWP, Selections from the Kulliyat of Sauda, by Major Henry Court, 1872 |publisher=Columbia.edu |date= |accessdate=11 May 2013}} External links
8 : 1713 births|1781 deaths|Poets from Delhi|Indian Shia Muslims|Urdu poets from India|Indian male poets|18th-century Indian poets|18th-century male writers |
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