| 词条 | Lindy Boggs |
| 释义 |
|name = Lindy Boggs |image = Ambassador Boggs.jpg |office = United States Ambassador to the Holy See |president = Bill Clinton George W. Bush |term_start = December 16, 1997 |term_end = March 1, 2001 |predecessor = Raymond Flynn |successor = Jim Nicholson |state1 = Louisiana |district1 = {{ushr|LA|2|2nd}} |term_start1 = March 20, 1973 |term_end1 = January 3, 1991 |predecessor1 = Hale Boggs |successor1 = William Jefferson |birth_name = Marie Corinne Morrison Claiborne |birth_date = {{birth date|1916|3|13}} |birth_place = New Roads, Louisiana, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|2013|7|27|1916|3|13}} |death_place = Chevy Chase, Maryland, U.S. |party = Democratic |spouse = Hale Boggs |children = 4, including Barbara, Tommy, Cokie |education = Tulane University {{small|(BA)}} }}Marie Corinne Morrison Claiborne Boggs, usually known as Lindy Boggs (March 13, 1916 – July 27, 2013), was a United States politician who served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and later as United States Ambassador to the Holy See. She was the first woman elected to Congress from Louisiana. She was also a permanent chairwoman of the 1976 Democratic National Convention, which met in New York City to nominate the Carter-Mondale ticket.[1] She was the first woman to preside over a major party convention.[2] Boggs was the widow of former Majority Leader of the United States House of Representatives Hale Boggs, and the mother of four children: Cokie Roberts (a television journalist); Thomas Hale Boggs, Jr. (a prominent lobbyist); Barbara Boggs Sigmund, a mayor of Princeton, New Jersey and an unsuccessful candidate in the 1982 New Jersey Democratic senatorial primary election (won by Frank Lautenberg); and William Robertson Boggs, who died as an infant on December 28, 1946. Catherine Small Long is the only other woman besides Boggs who has served in the U.S. House of Representatives from Louisiana. Biographical sketchBoggs was born as Marie Corinne Morrison Claiborne on March 13, 1916, on the Brunswick Plantation near New Roads in Pointe Coupee Parish in South Louisiana. She attended Newcomb College at Tulane University in New Orleans. She was a second cousin of deLesseps Story "Chep" Morrison, Sr., the former mayor of New Orleans, Ambassador to the Organization of American States, and three-time candidate for governor of Louisiana[3] who for a time was her husband's law partner.[4] On October 16, 1972, Representative Hale Boggs' twin-engine Cessna plane disappeared over Alaska. Boggs was helping a colleague, Nicholas Begich, father of former U.S. Senator Mark Begich of Alaska, to campaign for reelection.[5][6] The first bill that the House passed in 1973, House Resolution 1, officially recognized Hale Boggs' death and created the need for a special election. Lindy Boggs ran successfully as a Democrat for her husband's vacated seat in Louisiana's 2nd congressional district, in New Orleans. {{external media | width = 210px | float = right | video1 = [https://www.npr.org/2013/07/29/206677780/fresh-air-remembers-former-louisiana-congresswoman-lindy-boggs Fresh Air Remembers Former Louisiana Congresswoman Lindy Boggs], Fresh Air[7] }}Boggs was elected to a full term in 1974 with 82 percent of the vote and was reelected seven times thereafter until she vacated her office in January 1991. In 1980, she faced her closest challenge from the Republican Rob Couhig, an attorney-businessman who raised some $200,000 for the race, a large amount at that time for a challenger in a difficult district. {{Citation needed|reason=reliable source needed for the whole sentence|date=July 2013}} Lindy Boggs still prevailed, 45,091 votes (63.8 percent) to Couhig's 25,512 (36.2 percent). Another 4.8 percent of the ballots were cast for Democratic former State Representative Clyde F. Bel, Jr., of New Orleans.[8] Otherwise, Boggs polled more than 80 percent in her contested races. After her district was redrawn in 1984 in response to a federal court order mandating Louisiana's first majority-African-American district, she became the only white member of Congress representing a majority-African-American constituency.[9] She was influential in composing the Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1974. When the Banking committee marked up the ECOA, she added the provision banning discrimination due to sex or marital status without informing the other members of the committee beforehand, personally inserting the language on her own and photocopying new versions of the bill.[9] She then told the other committee members, "Knowing the members composing this committee as well as I do, I'm sure it was just an oversight that we didn't have 'sex' or 'marital status' included. I've taken care of that, and I trust it meets with the committee's approval."[9] The committee unanimously approved the bill.[9] Boggs was the first woman to preside over a national political convention, specifically the 1976 Democratic National Convention.[9] In 1994, Boggs was inducted into the Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame in Winnfield, one year after her husband had been among the original thirteen inductees. In 1997, President Bill Clinton appointed her official U.S. ambassador to the Holy See, a position she held until 2001. In 2005, Boggs's home on Bourbon Street in New Orleans' French Quarter sustained moderate wind damage from Hurricane Katrina. {{Citation needed|reason=reliable source needed for the whole sentence|date=July 2013}} In 2006, she was awarded the Congressional Distinguished Service Award for her time in the House of Representatives. Boggs was a member of Sigma Gamma Rho, one of the four traditionally African-American sororities in the United States. {{citation needed|date=April 2009}} The Boggs Center for Energy and Biotechnology Building at Tulane is named in her honor.[10] Boggs and her daughter, Cokie Roberts, received the Foremother Award from the National Center for Health Research in 2013.[11] Boggs died of natural causes at her home in Chevy Chase, Maryland on July 27, 2013.[12] A funeral Mass was held on August 1, 2013 at St. Louis Cathedral at 615 Pere Antoine Alley in New Orleans. Interment followed later in the day at St. Mary's Cemetery in New Roads, Louisiana.[13] Governor Bobby Jindal ordered all U.S. and state flags in Louisiana to fly at half staff until August 2 in Mrs. Boggs' memory.[14] See also{{Portal|Biography|Louisiana|Politics|Government of the United States|Catholicism|International Relations}}
References1. ^IPTV website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914024758/http://www.iptv.org/series.cfm/16252/lindy_boggs_steel_velvet |date=2008-09-14 }} 2. ^She was followed in that capacity by Martha Layne Collins in 1984, Ann Richards in 1992, and Nancy Pelosi in 2008. 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.noladefender.com/content/lind34y-bog67gs-first-female-congresswoman-louisiana-passes|title=Lindy Boggs, Trailblazing N.O. Congresswoman, Passes, July 27, 2013|publisher=noladefender.com|accessdate=August 1, 2013}} 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R6WlF1b_M0QC&pg=PA142&lpg=PA142&dq=Were+Hale+Boggs+and+Chep+Morrison+law+partners&source=bl&ots=QrjKX6DU1r&sig=qFPRO6BFhbyseZjcstTHyf8C014&hl=en&sa=X&ei=b_P6UebtH_PO2QWKzoGgAw&sqi=2&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Were%20Hale%20Boggs%20and%20Chep%20Morrison%20law%20partners&f=false|title=Ellen Blue, St. Mark’s and the Social Gospel: Methodist Women and Civil Rights in New Orleans, 1895-1965|publisher=Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press|year=2011|page=142|ISBN=978-1-57233-824-1|accessdate=August 1, 2013}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://history.house.gov/HistoricalHighlight/Detail/36930|title=History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives, "The Disappearance of Majority Leader Hale Boggs of Louisiana and Representative Nicholas Begich of Alaska"|work=/history.house.gov|accessdate=28 July 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.check-six.com/lib/Famous_Missing/Boggs.htm|title=Hale Boggs - Missing in Alaska|work=/check-six.com|accessdate=28 July 2013}} 7. ^{{cite web | title =Fresh Air Remembers Former Louisiana Congresswoman Lindy Boggs | work =Fresh Air | publisher =NPR | date =July 29, 2013 | url =https://www.npr.org/2013/07/29/206677780/fresh-air-remembers-former-louisiana-congresswoman-lindy-boggs | accessdate =September 12, 2016 }} 8. ^Louisiana Secretary of State, Primary election returns, September 1980 9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/congresswoman-ambassador-lindy-boggs-dies-97/story?id=19792180 |title=Former Congresswoman and Ambassador Lindy Boggs Dies at 97 - ABC News |publisher=Abcnews.go.com |date=2013-07-27 |accessdate=2015-04-15}} 10. ^Tulane University - Boggs Center for Energy and Biotechnology 11. ^http://www.center4research.org/foremother-health-policy-hero-awards/ 12. ^[https://archive.is/20130727130012/http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/congress/former-rep-lindy-boggs-champion-of-civil-rights-dies-also-was-ambassador-to-the-vatican/2013/07/27/1c077c98-f6ba-11e2-81fa-8e83b3864c36_print.html ] 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://obits.nola.com/obituaries/nola/obituary.aspx?n=corinne-morrison-claiborne-boggs-lindy&pid=166117325&fhid=5630#fbLoggedOut|title=Corinne "Lindy" Morrison Claiborne Boggs|publisher=obits.nola.com|accessdate=July 31, 2013}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.katc.com/news/jindal-orders-flags-at-half-staff-in-honor-of-lindy-boggs/#_|title=Jindal orders flags at half staff in honor of Lindy Boggs, July 29, 2013|publisher=katc.com|accessdate=July 31, 2013}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Further reading
External links{{Commons category}}{{CongBio|B000592}}
from Louisiana's 2nd congressional district|years=1973–1991}}{{s-aft|after=William Jefferson}} |-{{s-new|rows=2|office}}{{s-ttl|title=Chairperson of the Joint Bicentennial Committee|years=1975–1977}}{{s-non|rows=2|reason=Position abolished}} |-{{s-ttl|title=Chairperson of the House Bicentennial Commission|years=1985–1989}} |-{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Larry O'Brien}}{{s-ttl|title=Permanent Chairperson of the Democratic National Convention|years=1976}}{{s-aft|after=Tip O'Neill}} |-{{s-dip}}{{s-bef|before=Raymond Flynn}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Ambassador to the Holy See|years=1997–2001}}{{s-aft|after=Jim Nicholson}}{{s-end}}{{LARepresentatives}}{{US Ambassadors to the Holy See}}{{Louisiana Center for Women in Government and Business Hall of Fame}}{{Louisiana Political Museum and Hall of Fame}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Boggs, Lindy}} 22 : 1916 births|2013 deaths|Ambassadors of the United States to the Holy See|Catholics from Louisiana|Catholics from Maryland|Claiborne family|Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives|Female members of the United States House of Representatives|James Cardinal Gibbons Medal winners|Laetare Medal recipients|Louisiana Democrats|Members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana|People from Chevy Chase, Maryland|People from Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana|Politicians from New Orleans|Spouses of members of the United States House of Representatives|Tulane University alumni|Women in Louisiana politics|20th-century American politicians|20th-century American women politicians|20th-century American diplomats|Recipients of the Four Freedoms Award |
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