“Lion taming”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Lion taming

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About lion taming
Notable lion tamers
References

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| name= Lion tamer
| image=
| caption= 19th-century lithograph of a lion tamer
| official_names=
| type= Performing arts
| activity_sector= Entertainment, show business
| competencies=
| formation=
| employment_field= Circus
| related_occupation= Animal trainer
| average_salary=
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Lion taming is the taming and training of lions, either for protection or for use in entertainment, such as the circus.

About lion taming

The term often applies to the taming and display of lions and other big cats such as tigers, leopards, jaguars, black panthers, cheetahs, and cougars. People often use lion taming as a metaphor for a dangerous activity, due to the obvious risks of toying with powerful, instinctive carnivores.

Lion taming occurs in zoos across the world to enable the keepers to carry out medical procedures and feedings.

The Captive Animals Protection Society maintains that animal welfare cannot be guaranteed in circuses.^[1]

Notable lion tamers

George Wombwell (1777–1850), founder of Wombwell's Traveling Menagerie, raised many animals himself, including the first lion bred in captivity in Britain. He was buried in Highgate Cemetery, under a statue of his lion Nero.
Isaac A. Van Amburgh (1811–1865), American animal trainer who developed the first trained wild animal act in modern times.^[2]{{rp|20}} He was known for acts of daring, such as placing his head inside the jaws of a wild cat,^[4] and became known as “The Lion King.”.^[2]{{rp|17}}
Martini Maccomo (c.1839–1871) was a lion tamer in Victorian Britain.
Carl Hagenbeck (1844–1913) was a merchant of wild animals.
Suresh Biswas (1861–1905), Indian circus performer popular in Europe in the 1880s for taming wild animals.
Rose Flanders Bascom (1880–1915), first American female lion tamer.
Mabel Stark (1889–1968) was one of the world's first women tiger tamers.
Clyde Beatty (1903–1965) was among the pioneers to use a chair in training big cats.
Gunther Gebel-Williams (1934–2001) was a world-famous animal trainer for the Red Unit with Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus.^[5]
Ángel Cristo (1943–2010), the most famous lion and tiger tamer in Spain, known for his numerous accidents under lion and tiger attacks. In 1982 he won the Medalla de Oro del Festival Internacional del Circo ('Golden Medal of the Circus International Festival').^[6]
Martin Lacey, (born 1947), animal trainer, owner of the Great British Circus, trained most of the tigers used in the ESSO TV advertisements in the 1970s.
Martin Lacey, Jr., (born 1977), son of Martin, an animal trainer and performer with Circus Krone in Munich.
Irina Bugrimova (1911–2001), the first female lion tamer in Russia

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Circuses|url=http://www.captiveanimals.org/our-work/circuses|publisher=Captive Animal Protection Society|accessdate=4 December 2012|quote=}}
2. ^¹{{cite book|last=Culhane|first=John|title=The American circus : an illustrated history|year=1990|publisher=Holt|location=New York|isbn=0805004246|edition=1st}}
3. ^ Culhane, John. The American Circus, Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1990., pg. 20
4. ^History Magazine, "Step Right Up," October/November 2001 issue.
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ringling.com/ggw/ |title=Lord of the Rings: Gunther Gebel-Williams, 1934–2001 |publisher=Ringling.com |accessdate=2009-01-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203181622/http://www.ringling.com/ggw/ |archivedate=2009-02-03 |df= }}
6. ^El Periódico newspaper (May 4, 2010), article about Cristo's death. Resume of his life and rewards (in Spanish).

4 : Animal training|Circus skills|Felid-human interaction|Animals in entertainment

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