| 词条 | Mooto |
| 释义 |
}} Mooto is a village in the Democratic Republic of Congo located in the south of the province of Equator, the city of Mbandaka. [1] This village is part of the district of Equator and the territory of Bikoro, lying on Lake Tumba. The word Mooto with two vowels -o means star, something that is bright and placed in a higher place. Its plural is "Mioto" (or stars). When it is written with one closed vowel -o, it means simply a person, the plural is "Bato" (or people). But when it is written with one open vowel -o between m and t followed by an open -o at the end, it means a Caterpillar in English or "Chenille" in French. The plural is meto. The main language of Mooto village is Lo-Ntomba, a language spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The language code is "nto"; it has several alternate names: Lontomba, Ntomba, and Ntomba-Bolia. Lontomba language is classified in group C35; Bangui-Ntomba.[2] The concept "Mooto" is used in the United States and Canada to name martial arts equipment used for taekwondo, judo, and karate. HistoryOriginally, Mooto was founded before the Berlin conference (1884-1885) by "Bo-mpembe" people. The word Bompembe means a group of people who belongs to the person named "Mpembe", a clean person. They acquired forest and brooks surrounding Mooto territory longtime ago with or without assistance of some pygmies. As Masters (Baoto), Mooto people are surrounded by pygmies in the middle and in each side of the village. Historically speaking, the mission of the pygmies was not only to protect their seniors, but also assist them with basic needs such as hunting, fishing, farming, building houses, etc. Newcomers settled in Mooto every years were assigned free portions of lands or brooks (Mekonda, Mpumba and Mamba) by “N’somi enka ehe”, the chief of the village or first son the village to build houses and forest to exploit. And the place where each group of foreigners settled is called by the name of their ancestor. The following ethnic groups constitute Mooto village: Bompenge, Bobaya, Ngandi, Mekombo, Bongoy, Bompembe, Mission, Meenge, Bonzebu, Mokau, etc. The whole village has three big parts, Liko inka ehe (the North of the village), Iyongo inka ehe (the Middle of the village), and Nse enka ehe (the South of the village). ReligionMooto people believe in one God, so called Nzakomba, Nkolo, Momba e Ibanda or Nyambe in Lontomba language. There are three types of religion in the village: Christianism, Kimbaguism, and Ebale Mbonge. The majority of people in Mooto village are Christians belonging to Catholic, Baptist, and Pentecostal churches. Beside Christian religion, there are two indigenous religions: the Kimbaguist (http://irr.org/african-indigenous-churches-chapter-fifteen) and "Ebale Mbonge". The Kimbaguist religion or church is exclusively composed with pygmies while Ebale Mbonge is composed only with a minority of people. The Catholic Church was founded around 1940 by Roman Catholic missionaries from Belgium. Their parish is named Saint Emile. The Belgian missionaries belong to the Congregation of the Mission known as Lazarist. They have houses in the following places within the province of Bikoro: Bikoro, Mooto, Bokongo, Bolobo, Itipo, Iboko, Mbandaka, Maluku, and Kinshasa. GeographyLatitude: 0°45'33.8" Longitude: 18°1'13.8" Geographically, Mooto is located in the north of Kinshasa, the south of Mbandaka and the west of Lake Tumba. So, Mooto is surrounded by the following villages: Botale (11.7 km), Bobanda (11.7 km), Liombo (16.6 km), Samba (18.4 km), Iyembe-Monene (18.5 km), Botende (18.5 km), Iyembe-Moke (19.9 km), Ehanga (20 km), Lomposo (26.2 km), Ndote (27 km), Mpenda (30.5 km), Nyange (31.7 km), Elanga (31.8 km), Ibonzi (33.2 km), Moheli (33.5 km), Momboyo (33.5 km), Bokala (35 km), Ekata (35 km), Nkake (36.5 km), Bikoro (36.7 km), Mbuli (37.1 km), Bokonda-Watuli (38.8 km), Ikoko-Bonginda (41.1 km), Lokuku (41.1 km), etc. (http://travelingluck.com/Africa/Congo+(Kinshasa)/Congo,+Democratic+Republic+of+The+(general)/_2312533_Mooto.html) There are two seasons in this region: the rainy and the dry seasons. In general, Mooto has a dry tropical wet and dry climate. It features a lengthy rainy season which spans from October through May, and a relatively short dry season which runs between June and September. As it lies south of the Equator, its dry season begins around its "winter" solstice, which is generally in June of each year. The dry season is slightly cooler than its wet season, though temperatures remain relatively constant throughout the year. Like other Congolese people, Mooto citizens depend on the rain forest. Its importance is noticed by Peace Tree International in the following words,"...is working to support people of the Lake Tumba tribes ... D.R.C in preserving their natural habitats and resources of their ancestral forest... We are working with the Bantomba tribe and the DRC conservation department on attaining land rights to this unique and important forest, to preserve natural resources for future generations as well as to create a conservation easement for the threatened species that live in the area." EconomyThere is trade between Mooto, Bikoro, Mbandaka, Kinshasa, and other places within the Congo. Agriculture is the main business of Mooto, as it is done in other towns of the Equatorial forest. The agriculture is based on the sale of the products such as cacao, coffee, corn, cassava, pepper, plantain, etc. Beside the agricultural business, hunting is a significant activity during the rainy season. Between 1978 and 1997, the former bishop Frédéric Etsou Nzabi Bamunguabi (3/12/1930 – 6/1/2007) established a developmental center in the village called Centre de Dévelopement Rural de "Maenge", local name of the place where they built the center. The CDRM is the ONLY business in the area that provides people a paying job. This center went bankrupt for several years. They reopened it no later than 2010 by VZW Mooto & Bikoro (Raeymaekers-Verboven). Mooto people are poor; they literally survive with hunting, fishing, and farming. DemographicsThere are three groups of people living in Mooto village: Baoto (seniors), Batua (pygmies), and Baluma or Babutu (Foreigners). Generally speaking, the majority of the population is constituted by the Senior citizen, the masters of the village who are viewed culturally as superiors to the pygmies. The cardinal rule in their contact is the concept of mutual respect and collaboration. Indeed, there are several boundaries in their relationships inherited from their ancestors. For example, the custom defends things such as sex and marriage to name but a few. Mooto people are very nice towards everybody. The man who leads the village is called in Lontomba "Nsom'ehe", the first child of the village. There are 6 ethnic groups in the whole village which are: Palata, Mekombo, Bongoy, Bompembe, Mission, Menge, and Mokau. The population has started growing since 1975 when Bishop Frederic Etsou created a High School for agricultural study in the village. And he opened at the same time a business the Centre de development rural de Maenge. In 1980, they opened a clinic in the parish. This clinic serves not only people of Mooto, but also those of the surrounding villages. Another school was added in 1992, its main focus is the technical education such as carpentry, masonry, etc. There are actually four churches, two elementary schools, two High Schools, one clinic, and one professional center. The demography of Mooto changed dramatically with the creation of these businesses. External links
1 : Populated places in Équateur |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。