| 词条 | American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |
| 释义 |
|name = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |image = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials logo.svg |alt = Logo of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |abbreviation = AASHTO |formation = {{start date and age|1914|12|12}} |type = Non-governmental organization |status = 501(c)(3)[1][2] |purpose = Coordination among state departments of transportation |headquarters = 444 North Capitol Street NW, Suite 249 Washington, D.C. 20001 |region_served = United States |affiliations = 50 state departments of transportation and in District of Columbia and Puerto Rico |tax_id = 53-0204654 |revenue = $77,474,451[2] |revenue_year = 2017 |expenses = $74,478,500[2] |expenses_year = 2017 |employees = 134[2] |employees_year = 2016 |volunteers = 150[2] |volunteers_year= 2016 |leader_name = Frederick G. (Bud) Wright[3] |leader_title = Executive Director |leader_name2 = Carlos Braceras, UDOT[4] |leader_title2 = President |leader_name3 = Patrick K. McKenna, MoDOT[4] |leader_title3 = Vice President |leader_name4 = Scott Bennett, ArDOT[4] |leader_title4 = Secretary, Treasurer |formerly = American Association of State Highway Officials |website = {{URL|http://www.transportation.org}} }} The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) is a standards setting body which publishes specifications, test protocols and guidelines which are used in highway design and construction throughout the United States. Despite its name, the association represents not only highways but air, rail, water, and public transportation as well.[5] Although AASHTO sets transportation standards and policy for the United States as a whole, AASHTO is not an agency of the federal government; rather it is an organization of the states themselves. Policies of AASHTO are not federal laws or policies, but rather are ways to coordinate state laws and policies in the field of transportation. PurposeThe American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO) was founded on December 12, 1914. Its name was changed to American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials on November 13, 1973. The name change reflects a broadened scope to cover all modes of transportation, although most of its activities are still specific to highways. While AASHTO is not a government body, it does possess quasi-governmental powers in the sense that the organizations that supply its members customarily obey most AASHTO decisions. MembershipThe voting membership of AASHTO consists of the Department of Transportation of each state in the United States, as well as those of Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia. The United States Department of Transportation, some U.S. cities, counties, and toll-road operators, most Canadian provinces as well as the Hong Kong Highways Department, the Turkish Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, and the Nigerian Association of Public Highway and Transportation Officials have non-voting associate memberships.[5] PublicationsSome noteworthy AASHTO publications are:[6]
In addition to its publications, AASHTO performs or cooperates in research projects. One such project is the AASHTO Road Test, which is a primary source of data used when considering transport policies and the structural design of roads. Much of AASHTO's current research is performed by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) which is administered by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) of the National Research Council. AASHTO re:source, formerly the AASHTO Materials Reference Laboratory (AMRL), accredits laboratories. Accreditation is often required to submit test results to state DOTs. For example, a contract for the construction of a highway bridge may require a minimum compressive strength for the concrete used. The contract will specify AASHTO Test Designation T 22, "Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens," as the means of determining compressive strength. The laboratory performing T 22 will be required to be accredited in that test. AASHTO coordinates the numbering of Interstate Highways, U.S. Highways and U.S. Bicycle Routes. See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url = https://apps.irs.gov/app/eos/displayAll.do?dispatchMethod=displayAllInfo&Id=690234&ein=530204654&country=US&deductibility=all&dispatchMethod=searchAll&isDescending=false&city=&ein1=53-0204654&postDateFrom=&exemptTypeCode=al&submitName=Search&sortColumn=orgName&totalResults=1&names=&resultsPerPage=25&indexOfFirstRow=0&postDateTo=&state=All+States |title = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |website = Tax Exempt Organization Search |publisher = Internal Revenue Service |access-date = December 15, 2018 }} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |last = Wright |first = Frederick |date = April 10, 2018 |url = https://pdf.guidestar.org/PDF_Images/2017/530/204/2017-530204654-0f01324b-9.pdf |title = Form 990: Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax |publisher = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |via = Guidestar |access-date = December 17, 2018 }} 3. ^{{cite web |author = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |url = https://www.transportation.org/board-of-directors/ |title = Board of Directors |publisher = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |access-date = December 15, 2018 }} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |author = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |url = https://www.transportation.org/board-of-directors/aashto-board-of-directors-membership/ |title = AASHTO Board of Directors Membership |publisher = American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |access-date = December 15, 2018 }} 5. ^1 {{cite web |author= American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |title= Organization |url= http://www.transportation.org/Pages/Organization.aspx |publisher= American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |access-date= March 30, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160404060148/http://www.transportation.org/pages/organization.aspx |archive-date= April 4, 2016 |dead-url= yes |df= mdy-all }} 6. ^{{cite web |author= American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |title= Bookstore |url= https://bookstore.transportation.org/ |publisher= American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |accessdate=March 30, 2016}} External links{{wikisource|1=Portal:American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials|2=American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials}}
6 : Civil engineering organizations|Organizations established in 1914|Road transportation in the United States|Transportation associations in the United States|1914 establishments in the United States|Organizations based in Washington, D.C. |
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