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词条 List of Archbishops of Canterbury
释义

  1. Heraldry

  2. List of archbishops

     Anglo-Saxon period  After the Norman conquest  After the Elizabethan settlement 

  3. Notes

  4. References

     Specific  General 

  5. External links

{{short description|Senior bishops of the Church of England, originally of the Catholic church in England}}{{Use British English|date=April 2011}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2011}}

The Archbishop of Canterbury is the "Primate of All England" (the "first bishop" of England),[1] effectively serving as the head of the established Church of England and, symbolically, of the worldwide Anglican Communion. From the 6th century to the 16th century, the Archbishops of Canterbury were in full communion with the Bishops of Rome, the Popes.[2] Eighteen Archbishops have been canonised by the Roman Catholic Church. During the English Reformation the English church broke away from the authority of the Pope, at first temporarily, later permanently,[2] recognising only the English monarch as a source of superior temporal authority.

In the Middle Ages there was considerable variation in the nomination procedure of the archbishop and other bishops. At various times the nomination was made by the Canons of Canterbury Cathedral, the English monarch, or the Pope.[4][5] Since the Reformation, the church is explicitly a state church and nomination is legally that of the British crown; today it is made in the name of the monarch by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, from a shortlist of two selected by the Crown Nominations Commission, an ad hoc committee.[3]

Today the archbishop has four main roles:[4]

  • He is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury, which covers the east of the County of Kent and the extreme north-east of Surrey. Founded by Augustine of Canterbury in 597, it is the oldest bishopric in the English church. The main duties of this role are delegated to the suffragan Bishop of Dover (who in this capacity is called the "Bishop in Canterbury").
  • He is the metropolitan bishop of the Province of Canterbury, encompassing 30 dioceses in the southern two-thirds of England. The remaining 14 dioceses in the north of England fall within the Province of York, under the authority of the Archbishop of York. Four dioceses in Wales were under the Province of Canterbury until they were transferred to the dis-established Church in Wales in 1920.
  • As "Primate of All England", he is the chief "religious" figure in the Church of England, whilst the British sovereign is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England.
  • As symbolic head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop is recognised as primus inter pares ("first among equals") of all Anglican primates.

Heraldry

Much heraldry relating to Archbishops of Canterbury is displayed in

the church of St Mary-at-Lambeth in London, near to Lambeth Palace the London seat of the Archbishops.[5]

List of archbishops

Key to abbreviations in tables below
bet. between
c. circa
dep. deposed
deprived deprived
el. elected
enth. enthroned
nom. nominated
pos. postulated
tr. translated
res. resigned

Anglo-Saxon period

From{{ref label|Note1|A|AUntil{{ref label|Note1|B|BIncumbentNotes
59726 May 604 or 605 Augustine Canonised: St Augustine of Canterbury.[6]
c. 6042 Feb 619 Laurence (Laurentius, Lawrence) Canonised: St Laurence of Canterbury.[7]
61924 Apr 624 Mellitus Translated from London;[8] canonised: St Mellitus.[9]
62410 Nov
bet. 627 and 631		 Justus Translated from Rochester;[8] canonised: St Justus.[6]
62730 Sep 653 Honorius Canonised: St Honorius.[10]
Mar 65514 Jul 664 Deusdedit Canonised: St Deusdedit.[11]
14 Jul 664c. 666See vacant
c. 666668 (Wighard) (Wigheard) Died of plague before consecration.[12]
26 Mar 66819 Sep 690 Theodore Canonised: St Theodore of Tarsus.[13]
29 Jun 69313 Jan 731 Berhtwald (Brihtwald, Beorhtweald, Bertwald, Berthwald, Beorhtwald, or Beretuald) Abbot of Reculver;[14] canonised: St Berhtwald.[14]
10 Jun 73130 Jul 734 Tatwine (Tatwin, Tatuini, or Tadwinus) Canonised: St Tatwine.[15]
73517 Oct 739 Nothhelm (Nothelm) Canonised: St Nothelm.[16]
c. 74026 Oct 760 Cuthbert Possibly translated from Hereford.
27 Sep 761764 Bregowine (Bregwine or Bregwin) Canonised: St Bregwin.[17]
2 Feb 76511/12 Aug 792 Jænberht (Jambert, Jaenbeorht, Jænbert, Jaenberht, Jaenbert, or Jaenberht) Abbot of St Augustine's, Canterbury.[18]
21 Jul 79312 May 805 Æthelhard (Ethelhard, Æthilheard, or Aethelheard)
c. Oct 80521 Mar 832 Wulfred
8 Jun 83230 Aug 832 Feologild (Feologeld) Abbot of an unknown monastery before election.[19]
c. 27 Jul 8334 Feb 870 Ceolnoth
87030 Jun 888 Æthelred (Ethelred)
8902 Aug 923 Plegmund (Plegemund) Clerk to King Alfred.[20]
bet. 923 and 9258 Jan 926 Athelm (Æðelhelm) Translated from Wells.
c. 92612 Feb 941 Wulfhelm Translated from Wells.
9412 Jun 958 Oda (Odo, Oda the Severe) Translated from Ramsbury; canonised: St Oda.[21]
958959 Ælfsige (Aelfsige)
959dep. 959 Byrhthelm (Beorhthelm or Birthelm) Translated from Wells, deposed & returned to Wells.
95919 May 988 Dunstan Translated from London; canonised: St Dunstan.[22]
988Feb 990 Æthelgar Translated from Selsey.
99028 Oct 994 Sigeric the Serious Translated from Ramsbury.
el. 21 Apr 99516 Nov 1005 Ælfric of Abingdon (Ælfric of Wessex) Translated from Winchester; canonised: St Aelfric.[23]
100619 Apr 1012 Ælfheah (Alphege, Elphege, Alfege, or Godwine) Translated from Winchester; canonised: St Alphege.[24]
101312 Jun 1020 Lyfing Translated from Wells.
13 Nov 1020c. 29 Oct 1038 Æthelnoth (Aethelnoth, Ethelnoth, Egelnodus, or Ednodus) Formerly Dean of Canterbury.[25]
103829 Oct 1050 Eadsige (Eadsige, Eadsimus, or Eadsin)
Mar 1051dep. Sep 1052 Robert of Jumièges (Robert Chambert or Robert Champart) Deposed.
1052deprived 11 Apr 1070 Stigand Concurrently Bishop of Winchester; deprived of both sees.[26]
Source(s): [27]

After the Norman conquest

From{{ref label|Note1|A|AUntil{{ref label|Note1|B|BIncumbentNotesArms
29 Aug 107028 May 1089 Lanfranc Abbot of St. Étienne, Caen.
28 May 10894 Dec 1093See vacant
4 Dec 109321 Apr 1109 Anselm Abbot of Bec; Canonised: St Anselm.[28]
21 Apr 110926 Apr 1114See vacant
el. 26 Apr 11142 Oct 1122 Ralph d'Escures Translated from Rochester.[29]
18 Feb 112321 Nov 1136 William de Corbeil (William of Corbeil) Prior of St Osyth.
21 Nov 11368 Jan 1139See vacant
8 Jan 113918 Apr 1161 Theobald of Bec (Tedbald) Abbot of Bec.
18 Apr 11613 Jun 1162See vacant
3 Jun 116229 Dec 1170 Thomas Becket (Thomas of London, Thomas à Becket) Previously Archdeacon of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor;[30] canonised: St Thomas of Canterbury.[31]
1173 (Roger de Bailleul) Abbot of Le Bec-Hellouin; elected but declined the see.
7 Apr 117416 Feb 1184 Richard (Richard of Dover) Prior of Dover.
tr. Dec 1184Nov 1190 Baldwin of Forde Translated from Worcester.
el. 27 Nov 119126 Dec 1191 (Reginald Fitz Jocelin) (Reginald Italus, Richard the Lombard, or Reginald Lombardus) Translated from Wells; elected, however, appeals against it were sent to Pope Celestine III, but Reginald died before they were heard.
26 Dec 119129 May 1193See vacant
tr. 29 May 119313 Jul 1205 Hubert Walter Translated from Salisbury; Lord Chancellor;[30] Chief Justiciar.[32]
el. bet. Jul
and Oct 1205		bet. Oct
and Dec 1206		 (Reginald) Sub-prior, elected but set aside by Innocent III.
pos. 11 Dec 1205c. 30 Mar 1206 (John de Gray) Bishop of Norwich; chosen by the monks but set aside by Pope Innocent III.
17 Jun 12079 Jul 1228 Cardinal Stephen Langton Created a cardinal in 1206.[33]
el. 3 Aug 1228Jan 1229 (Walter d'Eynsham) (Walter de Hempsham) Elected but set aside by King Henry III of England and Pope Gregory IX.
10 Jun 12293 Aug 1231 Richard le Grant (Richard Grant or Richard Wethershed) Formerly Chancellor of the see of Lincoln.
pos. 22 Sep 123120 Dec 1231 (Ralph Neville) (Ralf Nevill) Bishop of Chichester, election quashed by Pope Gregory IX.
el. 16 Mar 123212 Jun 1232 (John of Sittingbourne) election quashed by Pope Gregory IX.
el. 26 Aug 12321 Jun 1233 (John Blund) (Johannes Blund, Iohannes Blondus, Iohannes Blundus) election quashed by Pope Gregory IX.
2 Apr 123416 Nov 1240 Edmund Rich Prebendary of Salisbury; canonised as: St Edmund of Abingdon.[34]
el. 1 Feb 1241 {{ref label|Note1|C|C}}14 Jul 1270 Boniface of Savoy Translated from Belley in France
el. 9 Sep 1270summer 1272 (William Chillenden) (Adam of Chillenden) Prior of Christ Church, Canterbury; elected but set aside by Pope Gregory X.
26 Feb 1273res. 5 Jun 1278 Cardinal Robert Kilwardby OP Created a cardinal in 1278;[35] and resigned.
pos. Jun or Jul 1278Jan 1279 (Robert Burnell) (Robert Burnel) Bishop of Bath & Wells; elected but set aside by Pope Nicholas III.
19 Feb 12798 Dec 1292 John Peckham OFM (John Pecham) English Provincial of the Franciscan Order.
12 Sep 129411 May 1313 Robert Winchelsey (Robert Winchelsea) Formerly Archdeacon of Essex; Chancellor of Oxford
el. 28 May 13131 Oct 1313 (Thomas Cobham) Election quashed.
tr. 1 Oct 131316 Nov 1327 Walter Reynolds Translated from Worcester; Lord Chancellor;[36] Lord Treasurer.[37]
5 Jun 132812 Oct 1333 Simon Mepeham (Simon Meopham) Prebendary of Chichester Cathedral;[38] excommunicated.[38]
pos. 3 Nov 133323 Aug 1348 John de Stratford Translated from Winchester; Lord Chancellor.[36]
nom. 24 Sep 134820 May 1349[39] (John de Ufford) Dean of Lincoln;[39] Lord Chancellor;[36] died of plague before consecration.[39][40]
19 Jul 134926 Aug 1349 Thomas Bradwardine Died of plagueArms of Bradwardine: Barry of six ermine and ermines[41]
20 Dec 134926 Apr 1366 Simon Islip Prebendary of St Paul's;[42] secretary to the king and keeper of the Privy Seal.[43]
1366 (William Edington) (William Edendon) Bishop of Winchester;[44] elected but refused the see.[45]
tr. 24 Jul 1366res. 28 Nov 1368 Cardinal Simon Langham Translated from Ely; created a cardinal in 1368;[46] and resigned the see. He was elected a second time in 1374, but Pope Gregory XI refused to confirm the election.[46][47]
tr. 11 Oct 1368Jun 1374 William Whittlesey (William Wittlesey) Translated from Worcester.
tr. 4 May 137514 Jun 1381 Simon Sudbury (Simon de Sudbury; Simon Tibold; Simon Theobold) Translated from London; Lord Chancellor;[36] beheaded during the Peasants' Revolt.[48]
tr. 31 Jul 138131 Jul 1396 William Courtenay Translated from London;[40] Lord Chancellor.
tr. 25 Sep 1396dep. 1397 Thomas Arundel (Thomas Fitz-Alan) Translated from York; Lord Chancellor; charged with high treason under Richard II, fled but restored later.[49]
nom. 8 Nov 1397deprived 19 Oct 1399 Roger Walden Deprived.
restored
19 Oct 1399		19 Feb 1414 Thomas Arundel (again) (Thomas Fitz-Alan) Restored by Henry IV.[49]
tr. 12 Mar 141412 Apr 1443 Henry Chichele (Henry Chicheley; Henry Checheley) Translated from St David's.
tr. 13 May 144325 May 1452 John Stafford Translated from Bath & Wells; Lord Chancellor; Lord Treasurer.[50]
tr. 21 Jul 145222 Mar 1454 Cardinal John Kemp Created a cardinal in 1439;[51] Translated from York; Lord Chancellor
tr. 23 Apr 145430 Mar 1486 Cardinal Thomas Bourchier Translated from Ely; Lord Chancellor; created a cardinal in 1467.[52]
tr. 6 Oct 148615 Sep 1500 Cardinal John Morton Translated from Ely; Lord Chancellor.[53] created a cardinal in 1493.[54]
22 Jan 150127 Jan 1501 (Thomas Langton) Bishop of Winchester; died 5 days after being chosen.[45]
tr. 26 Apr 150115/17 Feb 1503 Henry Deane (Henry Dean; Henry Dene) Translated from Salisbury.
tr. 29 Nov 150322 Aug 1532 William Warham Translated from London; Lord Chancellor until 1515.[53]
30 Mar 1533deprived 13 Nov 1555 Thomas Cranmer Archdeacon of Taunton;[57] first Protestant archbishop; excommunicated by Rome and deprived for heresy 1553;[57] put to death by burning, 21 March 1556.[57]
22 Mar 155618/19 Nov 1558 Cardinal Reginald Pole Dean of Exeter;[59] created a cardinal in 1536;[60] last Roman Catholic archbishop
Source(s): [40][61][62][63]

After the Elizabethan settlement

From{{ref label|Note1|A|AUntil{{ref label|Note1|B|BIncumbentNotes
17 Dec 155917 May 1575 Matthew Parker Dean of Lincoln.[64]
tr. 29 Dec 15756 Jul 1583 Edmund Grindal Translated from York.
nom. 14 Aug 158329 Feb 1604 John Whitgift Translated from Worcester.
nom. 9 Oct 16042 Nov 1610 Richard Bancroft Translated from London.
nom. 4 Mar 16114 Aug 1633 George Abbot Translated from London.
nom. 6 Aug 163310 Jan 1645 William Laud Translated from London; executed in office;[65] commemorated in the Church of England,[66] and the Episcopal Church in the U.S.A.[67][68]
10 Jan 16452 Sep 1660See vacant
nom. 2 Sep 16604 Jun 1663 William Juxon Translated from London.
nom. 16 June 16639 Nov 1677 Gilbert Sheldon Translated from London.
27 Jan 1678deprived 1 Feb 1690 William Sancroft Dean of St Paul's;[65] deprived for not taking oaths to William and Mary.[65] died 24 Nov 1693.
31 May 169122 Nov 1694 John Tillotson Dean of St Paul's.[65]
nom. 6 Dec 169414 Dec 1715 Thomas Tenison Translated from Lincoln.
nom. 17 Dec 171524 Jan 1737 William Wake Translated from Lincoln.
nom. 9 Feb 173710 Oct 1747 John Potter Translated from Oxford.
nom. 21 Oct 174713 Mar 1757 Thomas Herring Translated from York.
nom. 29 Mar 175719 Mar 1758 Matthew Hutton Translated from York.
nom. 8 Mar 17583 Aug 1768 Thomas Secker Translated from Oxford.
nom. 12 Aug 176819 Mar 1783 Frederick Cornwallis Translated from Lichfield & Coventry.
nom. 31 Mar 178318 Jan 1805 John Moore Translated from Bangor.
nom. 1 Feb 180521 Jul 1828 Charles Manners-Sutton Translated from Norwich.
nom. 6 Aug 182811 Feb 1848 William Howley Translated from London.
nom. 17 Feb 18486 Sep 1862 John Bird Sumner Translated from Chester.
nom. 20 Oct 186228 Oct 1868 Charles Longley Translated from York.
nom. 28 Nov 18681 Dec 1882 Archibald Campbell Tait Translated from London.
nom. 13 Jan 188311 Oct 1896 Edward White Benson Translated from Truro.
nom. 9 Nov 189622 Dec 1902 Frederick Temple Translated from London.
nom. 14 Jan 1903res. 12 Nov 1928 Randall Davidson Translated from Winchester; retired; died 25 May 1930.
nom. 13 Nov 1928res. 31 Mar 1942 Cosmo Gordon Lang Translated from York; retired; died 5 December 1945.
nom. 1 Apr 194226 Oct 1944 William Temple Translated from York. Died in office.
nom. 12 Jan 1945res. 31 May 1961 Geoffrey Fisher Translated from London; retired; died 1972.[69]
nom. 1 Jun 1961res. 15 Nov 1974 Michael Ramsey Translated from York; retired; died 23 April 1988.[70]
nom. 18 Nov 1974res. 25 Jan 1980 Donald Coggan Translated from York; retired; died 17 May 2000.[71]
nom. 1 Feb 1980res. 31 Jan 1991 Robert Runcie Translated from St Albans; retired; died 11 Jul 2000.[72]
enth. 19 Apr 1991res. 31 Oct 2002 George Carey Translated from Bath & Wells; retired.[73]
el. conf. 2 Dec 2002res. 31 Dec 2012 Rowan Williams Translated from Monmouth. He was also Archbishop of Wales.[74] His resignation was announced on 16 March 2012 and took effect at the end of 2012.[75]
el. conf. 4 Feb 2013incumbent Justin Welby Translated from Durham. His appointment began in February 2013.[76]
Source(s):[63][77]

Notes

  • {{note label|Note1|A|A}} All start dates are consecration dates, unless otherwise noted.
  • {{note label|Note1|B|B}} All end dates are death dates, unless otherwise noted.
  • {{note label|Note1|C|C}} He was not consecrated until 15 January 1245.[40]

References

Specific

1. ^"Roles and priorities" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118183434/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/pages/roles-and-priorities.html |date=18 November 2012 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118183434/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/pages/roles-and-priorities.html |date=18 November 2012 }}, the Archbishop of Canterbury's official website
2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.cofe.anglican.org/about/history/|title=History of the Church of England|accessdate=4 November 2008|author=The Archbishops' Council of the Church of England|year=2004|publisher=Church of England}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cofe.anglican.org/about/cofeorg/|title=Organization of the Church of England|accessdate=4 November 2008|publisher=Church of England|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011120744/http://cofe.anglican.org/about/cofeorg/#|archive-date=11 October 2008|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
4. ^Archbishop's Roles and Responsibilities {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214105116/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/104 |date=14 February 2008 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214105116/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/104 |date=14 February 2008 }}, Archbishop of Canterbury Retrieved 8 February 2008.
5. ^https://blog.appletonstudios.com/
6. ^1 Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 73
7. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 357
8. ^1 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 213
9. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 420
10. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 268
11. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 154
12. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Bateson, Mary|title=Wigheard (d. 664x7) |author2=revised by Marios Costambeys |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/29369|accessdate=4 November 2008}} {{ODNBsub}}
13. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 581
14. ^1 Delaney Dictionary of Saints p. 90
15. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 571
16. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 453
17. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Williams, Ann|title=Bregowine (d. 764) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/3310|accessdate=4 November 2008}} {{ODNBsub}}
18. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Costambeys, Mario|title=Jænberht (d. 792) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14581|accessdate=4 November 2008}} {{ODNBsub}}
19. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Hunt, William|author2=revised by Marios Costambeys |title=Feologeld (d. 832)|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/9307|accessdate=4 November 2008}} {{ODNBsub}}
20. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Brooks, N.|title=Plegemund (d. 914)|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22378|accessdate=4 November 2008}} {{ODNBsub}}
21. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints pp. 454–455
22. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 164
23. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 12
24. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 28
25. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Mason, Emma|title=Æthelnoth (d. 1038) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/8912|accessdate=4 November 2008}} {{ODNBsub}}
26. ^{{cite encyclopedia |authorlink=H. E. J. Cowdrey |author=Cowdrey, H. E. J.|title=Stigand (d. 1072) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26523|accessdate=4 November 2008}} {{ODNBsub}}
27. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 214
28. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints pp. 48–49
29. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 232
30. ^1 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 84
31. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 595
32. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 71
33. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author= Holdsworth, Christopher |title=Langton, Stephen (c.1150–1228) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/16044 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
34. ^Walsh Dictionary of Saints p. 169
35. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author= Tugwell, Simon |title=Kilwardby, Robert (c.1215–1279) |encyclopedia =Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher= Oxford University Press |year= 2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15546 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
36. ^1 2 3 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 86
37. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 104
38. ^1 {{cite encyclopedia|author=Haines, Roy Martin|title=Mepham, Simon (c.1275–1333) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=January 2008|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/18568 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
39. ^1 2 {{cite encyclopedia|author=Haines, Roy Martin|title=Offord, John (c.1290–1349) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/20571 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
40. ^1 2 3 Fryde Handbook of British Chronology p. 233
41. ^https://www.heraldsnet.org/saitou/parker/Jpglosse.htm
42. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Swanson, R. N.|title=Islep , Simon (c.1300–1366)|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14493 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
43. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 94
44. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 277
45. ^1 2 Jones Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541: volume 4: Monastic cathedrals (southern province): Archbishops of Canterbury {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915161903/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32708 |date=15 September 2011 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915161903/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32708 |date=15 September 2011 }}
46. ^1 Simon Langham. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved on 22 November 2008.
47. ^Simon Langham. Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 23 November 2008.
48. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Walker, Simon|title=Sudbury, Simon (c.1316–1381)|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=January 2008|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/26759 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
49. ^1 {{cite encyclopedia|author=Hughes, Jonathan|title=Arundel, Thomas (1353–1414)|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=May 2007|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/713 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
50. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 106
51. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author= Davies, R. G. |title=Kemp , John (1380/81–1454) |encyclopedia =Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher= Oxford University Press |year=2004 |edition= revised May 2011 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15328 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
52. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author= Clark, Linda |title=Bourchier, Thomas (c.1411–1486) |encyclopedia =Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher=Oxford University Press |year= 2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2993 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
53. ^1 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 88
54. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author= Harper-Bill, Christopher |title=Morton, John (d. 1500) |encyclopedia =Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher= Oxford University Press |year=2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/19363 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
55. ^A General Armory of England, Scotland, and Ireland By John Burke, Bernard Burke[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=K9sxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PP750&lpg=PP750&dq=morton+goat%27s+head+erased&source=bl&ots=izVYT_neL8&sig=6H7aJQoF40MibPw_J_x9LsAHi4U&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjCiMz8lpjeAhXnB8AKHQsvDA0Q6AEwDnoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=morton%20goat's%20head%20erased&f=false]
56. ^Burke's General Armory, with erased corrected to couped, as visible on his tomb in Canterbury Cathedral
57. ^1 2 {{cite encyclopedia|author=MacCulloch, Diarmaid|title=Cranmer, Thomas (1489–1556) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=January 2008|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/6615 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
58. ^Strype, John, Historical and Biographical Works: Memorials of Thomas Cranmer Chapter 28, 1544 (p.181 of 1840 edition[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=cJVIAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA181&lpg=PA181&dq=cranmer+coat+of+arms&source=bl&ots=aJwKhQK27Y&sig=K1ErPH0e_BWSWCY6skmCBV9jRYA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiX4J3E98DeAhWqCcAKHeIOCOk4ChDoATADegQIBBAB#v=onepage&q=cranmer%20coat%20of%20arms&f=false]
59. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Mayer, T. F.|title=Pole, Reginald (1500–1558)|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=January 2008|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22456 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
60. ^{{cite encyclopedia |author= Mayer, T. F. |title=Pole, Reginald (1500–1558) |encyclopedia =Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher= Oxford University Press |year=2004|edition= revised January 2008 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/22456 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
61. ^Greenway Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae: Archbishops of Canterbury {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809060306/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33853 |date=9 August 2011 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809060306/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33853 |date=9 August 2011 }}
62. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 87
63. ^1 Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 234
64. ^{{cite encyclopedia|author=Crankshaw, David J. and Alexandra Gillespie|title=Parker, Matthew (1504–1575)|encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=January 2008|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/21327 |accessdate=21 September 2011}} {{ODNBsub}}
65. ^1 2 3 4 Horn Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857: volume 3: Canterbury, Rochester and Winchester dioceses: Archbishops of Canterbury {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817014244/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=34583 |date=17 August 2011 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817014244/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=34583 |date=17 August 2011 }}
66. ^Holy Days Common Worship Calendar of the Church of England. Retrieved on 5 November 2008.
67. ^Calendar of the Church Year. The Episcopal Church. Retrieved on 22 November 2008.
68. ^William Laud, Archbishop and Martyr. The Episcopal Church. Retrieved on 22 November 2008.
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70. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/887|title=Michael Ramsey, 100th Archbishop of Canterbury|accessdate=4 November 2008|publisher=Office of the Archbishop of Canterbury|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427153940/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/887|archivedate=27 April 2009|df=dmy-all}}
71. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/1235|title=Donald Coggan, 101st Archbishop of Canterbury|accessdate=4 November 2008|publisher=Office of the Archbishop of Canterbury|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080801212705/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/1235|archivedate=1 August 2008|df=dmy-all}}
72. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/1239|title=Robert Alexander Kennedy Runcie, 102nd Archbishop of Canterbury|accessdate=4 November 2008|publisher=Office of the Archbishop of Canterbury|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080801212615/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/1239|archivedate=1 August 2008|df=dmy-all}}
73. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/919|title=George Carey – 103rd Archbishop of Canterbury|accessdate=4 November 2008|publisher=Office of the Archbishop of Canterbury|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315213554/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/919|archivedate=15 March 2009|df=dmy-all}}
74. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/73 |title=Rowan Williams – Biography |accessdate=4 November 2008 |publisher=Office of the Archbishop of Canterbury |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219235020/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/73 |archivedate=19 December 2008 |df= }}
75. ^"Archbishop to be Master of Magdalene", Archbishop of Canterbury website
76. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21315054 BBC News – Welby takes over as Archbishop]
77. ^Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology p. 235

General

  • {{cite book|author=Delaney, John P.|title=Dictionary of Saints|edition=Second|publisher=Doubleday|location=Garden City, N.Y|year=1980|isbn=0-385-13594-7}}
  • {{cite book|author=Fryde, E. B.|author2=Greenway, D. E. |author3=Porter, S. |author4= Roy, I. |title=Handbook of British Chronology|edition=Third Edition, revised|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|year=1996|isbn=0-521-56350-X}}
  • {{cite book|author=Greenway, Diana E.|title=Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300: volume 2: Monastic cathedrals (northern and southern provinces): Archbishops of Canterbury|publisher=Institute of Historical Research|year=1971|url=http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33853|accessdate=4 November 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809060306/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33853|archive-date=9 August 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
  • {{cite book|author=Horn, Joyce M.|title=Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857: volume 3: Canterbury, Rochester and Winchester dioceses: Archbishops of Canterbury|publisher=Institute of Historical Research|year=1974|url=http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=34583|accessdate=21 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817014244/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=34583|archive-date=17 August 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
  • {{cite book|author=Jones, B.|title=Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1300–1541: volume 4: Monastic cathedrals (southern province): Archbishops of Canterbury|publisher=Institute of Historical Research|year=1963|url=http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32708|accessdate=4 November 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915161903/http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=32708|archive-date=15 September 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
  • {{cite book|title= A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West|last=Walsh|first=Michael J.|year=2007|publisher=Burns & Oates|location=London|isbn=0-86012-438-X}}

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080212012203/http://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/1 Archbishop of Canterbury website]
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8 : History of the Church of England|Lists of Church of England bishops and archbishops|Christianity in Kent|History of Kent|Anglican episcopal offices|Archbishops of Canterbury|History of the London Borough of Lambeth|Lists of popes, primates, and patriarchs
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