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词条 Moshe Landau
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Judicial career

  3. Other positions held

  4. Awards and honours

  5. See also

  6. References

{{Infobox Judge
|honorific-prefix =
|name = Moshe Landau
|honorific-suffix =
|image = Mechira Pumbit - Moshe Landau.jpg
|imagesize = 150px
|caption =
|office = Supreme Court of Israel judge
|term_start = 1953
|term_end = 1982
|office2 = President of the Supreme Court of Israel
|term_start2 = 1980
|term_end2 = 1982
|nominator =
|appointer =
|predecessor2 = Yoel Zussman
|successor2 = Yitzhak Kahan
|birth_date={{birth date|df=y|1912|4|29}}
|birth_place=Danzig, Germany (present-day Gdańsk, Poland)
|death_date={{death date and age|df=y|2011|5|1|1912|4|29}}
|death_place=Jerusalem, Israel
|religion=Judaism
}}Moshe Landau ({{lang-he-n|משה לנדוי}}) (29 April 1912 – 1 May 2011)[1] was an Israeli judge. He was the fifth President of the Supreme Court of Israel.[2]

Biography

Landau was born in Danzig, Germany (modern Gdańsk, Poland) to Dr. Isaac Landau and Betty née Eisenstädt.[3] His father was a leading member of the Jewish Community of Danzig[4]

In 1930 he finished high school in the Free City of Danzig and in 1933 he graduated from the University of London School of Law. That year, he immigrated to the British Mandate of Palestine. In 1937 he was admitted to the Bar of Palestine. In 1940 he was made judge in the Magistrate's Court of Haifa and was appointed to the District Court in 1948.[5]

Judicial career

{{prose|date=April 2018}}
  • 1953: Appointed a Supreme Court judge.
  • 1957: Sat on the court-martial – Criminal Court of Appeals, discussing the problem of "Lawful Orders" in the case of the killing of 48 Arabs in the village Kafr Qasim.
  • 1961: Presided over the Eichmann Trial.
  • 1962: Set a precedent regarding the freedom of information by overruling a censor decision.
  • 1965: As Chairman of the Israeli Central Elections Committee he was the first to disqualify a "subversive" list from running for the Knesset.[5]
  • 1974: Member of the Agranat Commission.
  • 1976: Deputy President of the Supreme Court.
  • 1980: President of Supreme Court until 1982.
  • 1987: Headed the Landau Commission to investigate the Shin Bet's procedures. The commission found frequent cases of perjury in court and violations of the law. The commission acknowledged that "moderate physical pressure" might sometimes be necessary as an interrogation tool.[6] Israeli human rights groups maintained that the practices authorized by the commission amounted to torture.[7] The commission's report was nullified in 1999 by a Supreme Court ruling.[6]

Other positions held

{{prose|date=April 2018}}

Member of the International Court of Justice.[5] Chairman of the World Zionist Congress tribunal. Chairman of the advisory Commissions on reforming the Israeli Land Law, criminal procedure and administrative tribunals. Chairman of the Commission for recognition of righteous among the nations in Yad Vashem. From 1956 to 1962 and from 1965 to 1966 he served as Chairman of the board of directors of the Technion.

Awards and honours

Landau received honorary doctorates from the Technion in 1980 and from the Hebrew Union College in 1997.[5]

In 1991, he was awarded the Israel Prize for law.[8] In 1993, he was made an honorary chairman of the Technion's board of directors.

See also

  • List of Israel Prize recipients

References

1. ^http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4063015,00.html
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.lawofisrael.com/israeli-supreme-court-decisions/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-05-15 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505060543/http://www.lawofisrael.com/israeli-supreme-court-decisions/ |archivedate=2014-05-05 |df= }} supreme court decisions database
3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jn_GG55gKm8C&pg=PA954 |title=The international Who's Who 2004|first1=Elizabeth|last1=Sleeman|publisher=Europa publications|year=2003|isbn=|page=954}}
4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vvIECPYRssIC&pg=PA32 |title=Danzig 1939, treasures of a destroyed community|first1=Günther |last1=Grass|first2=Vivian B.|last2=Mann|first3=Joseph |last3=Gutmann|publisher=The Jewish Museum, New York|year=1980|isbn=|page=32}}
5. ^{{Cite news| title = Landoy Moshe | work = nfc| accessdate = 2008-10-18| date = 2000-10-29| url = http://www.news1.co.il/Archive/006-D-108-00.html?tag=17-53-17|language=he}}
6. ^{{Cite news| issn = 0362-4331| last = Lelyveld| first = Joseph| title = Interrogating Ourselves| work = The New York Times| accessdate = 2008-10-18| date = 2005-06-12| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/12/magazine/12TORTURE.html?pagewanted=7}}
7. ^{{Cite news| title = Israel admits torture| work = BBC| accessdate = 2008-10-18| date = 2000-02-09| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/637293.stm}}
8. ^{{Cite web| title = Israel Prize Official Site – Recipients in 1991 (in Hebrew)| url = http://cms.education.gov.il/EducationCMS/Units/PrasIsrael/Tashmag/Tashnab_Tashmag_Rikuz.htm?DictionaryKey=Tashna}}
{{Presidents of the Supreme Court of Israel}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Landau, Moshe}}

11 : 1912 births|2011 deaths|Alumni of the University of London|Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Israel|Israel Prize in law recipients|People from Gdańsk|People from West Prussia|German Jews|Israeli people of German-Jewish descent|Adolf Eichmann|German emigrants to Israel

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