| 释义 |
- Residential Single-family detached Single-family attached (small multi-family) Large multi-family (apartments/flats)
- Commercial Office Retail Hotels Special-purpose
- Industrial Manufacturing Warehouse/distribution Flex space
- Infrastructure
- Agricultural
- Specialty
- References
- See also
{{main|Building}}{{for|individual buildings|List of buildings and structures}}{{for|other types of structures|List of nonbuilding structure types}}{{distinguish|List of architectural styles}}{{toc right}} Residential {{main|List of house types}} Single-family detached {{Further|Single-family detached home|House}}Examples of single-family detached house types include: - Central-passage house (North America)
- Chattel house (Caribbean)
- Cottage (various)
- Courtyard house (various)
- Konak (Asia)
- Log house (various)
- Housebarn (various)
- Split level home (various)
- Upper Lusatian house (Europe)
Single-family attached (small multi-family) - Duplex, semi-detached, double-decker, or two-family
- Triplex, triple-decker or three-family
- Quadplex, quadruple, or four-family
- Townhouse or terraced house
Large multi-family (apartments/flats) {{Further|Multi-family residential|Apartment}}- Garden or walk-up apartments: 1-5 stories, 50-400 units, no elevators[1]
- Mid-rise apartments: 5-9 stories, 30-110 units, with elevators[1]
- High-rise apartments: 9+ stories, 100+ units, professionally managed[1]
- Special-purpose group housing[1]
- Retirement home
- Nursing home
- Dormitory
- Prison
Commercial Commercial buildings, generally, are buildings used by businesses to sell their products to consumers.[1][2] Office Office buildings are generally categorized by size and by quality (e.g., "a low-rise Class A building")[3]- Office buildings by size
- Low-rise (less than 7 stories)
- Mid-rise (7-25 stories)
- High-rise (more than 25 stories), including skyscrapers (over 40 stories)
- Office buildings by quality[4][5][6]
- Trophy or 5-star building: A landmark property designed by a recognized architect
- Class A or 4-star building: Rents in the top 30-40% of the local market; well-located; above-average upkeep and management; usually older than a trophy/5-star building
- Class B or 3-star building: Rents between Class A and Class C; fair-to-good locations; average upkeep and management
- Class C or 2-star building: Rents in the bottom 10-20% of the local market; less-desirable locations; below-average upkeep and management
- 1-star building: Does not meet the needs of typical tenants; may be obsolete and/or in need of significant renovation[4]
Retail Retail buildings are categorized by their configuration and size[7]- Non-freestanding (also known as shopping malls)
- Super-regional shopping center: enclosed space; 800,000+ sqft; 5+ anchor stores with other tenants that sell a very large variety of goods
- Regional shopping center: enclosed space; 400,000–800,000 sqft; 1–5 anchor stores with other tenants that sell a large variety of goods
- Community shopping center: open space; 125,000–400,000 sqft; provides general merchandise and commodities (e.g., supermarket, discount department store)
- Neighborhood shopping center: open space; 3,000–125,000 sqft; provides commodities to nearby neighborhoods (e.g. drug store)
- Strip or convenience shopping center: open space; less than 30,000 sqft; located along suburban transportation arteries on shallow land parcels; a strip may be configured in a straight line, or have an "L" or "U" shape
- Lifestyle center: "Main Street" concept with pedestrian circulation in core and vehicular circulation along perimeter; upscale national chain specialty stores, dining or entertainment (e.g. The Grove, Los Angeles, CA; Americana at Brand, Glendale, CA)
- Freestanding: any stand-alone retail structure that is not part of a complex
- Big box: freestanding category-dominant retailer; 50,000+ sqft (e.g. The Home Depot, Target, Walmart)
- Power center: among the largest types of retail properties; 3+ big box anchor stores; multiple large buildings with parking lot in front and loading in back; smaller retailers usually clustered in a community shopping center configuration
- Retail outlet: manufacturers' outlet stores; 50,000–400,000 sqft
- Pop-up retail: a retail location designed to only be in a location temporarily (e.g., a retail store that only opens during a holiday season)
Hotels {{Main|Hotel}}- Full service hotels
- Travelers' hotels
- Motel
- Choultry
- Caravanserai
- Extended stay hotels
- Boutique hotels
- Casino
- Resort
Special-purpose - Self-storage
- Car washes
- Theme or amusement parks
- Bowling alleys
- Marinas
- Theaters
- Funeral homes
Industrial Industrial buildings are primarily used for the production and storage/distribution of goods, among other uses.[8] Manufacturing {{Main|Manufacturing}}- Light manufacturing
- Heavy manufacturing
Warehouse/distribution - Warehouses
- Bulk warehouse
- Cold/cool/refrigerator/freezer storage
- High-cube (an industrial building with a large amount of vertical clearance, a.k.a. "high bay")
- Warehouse store or retail warehouse
- Distribution/fulfillment centers
- Container terminals
- Truck terminals
Flex space {{Main|Flex space}}- Office building
- Laboratory
- Data center
- Call center
- Showroom
Infrastructure- Composting facility
- Desalination plant
- Waste transfer centre
- Power generation
- Power plant
- Fossil-fuel power station
- Nuclear power plant
- Geothermal power
- Biomass-fuelled power plant
- Waste heat power plant
- Renewable energy power station
Agricultural - Abbatoir
- Barn
- Chicken coop or chickenhouse
- Cow-shed
- Farmhouse
- Granary, Hórreo
- Greenhouse
- Hayloft
- Pigpen or sty
- Root cellar
- Shed
- Silo
- Slaughterhouse
- Stable
- Storm cellar
- Well house
- Crib
- Windmill
Specialty - Educational
- Archive
- College
- Elementary schools
- Secondary School
- School
- University
- Nursery school
- Civic
- Mudhif: a traditional reed house made by the Madan people of Iraq
- Religious
- Church
- Basilica
- Cathedral
- Duomo
- Chapel
- Oratory
- Martyrium
- Mosque
- Mihrab
- Surau
- Imambargah
- Monastery
- Mithraeum
- Shrine
- Synagogue
- Temple
- Pagoda
- Gurdwara
- Hindu temples
- Government
- City hall
- Consulate
- Courthouse
- Embassy
- Fire station
- Meeting house
- Moot hall
- Parliament house
- Police station
- Post office
- Assembly
- Military
- Arsenal
- Barracks
- Bunker
- Blockhouse
- Citadel
- Missile launch facility
- Transport
- Airport terminal
- Bus station
- Metro (subway, underground) station
- Taxi station
- Railway station (or, primarily in US, Railroad station)
- Signal box
- Lighthouse
- Shipyard
- Space port
- Hovercraft
- Ferry terminal
- Cruise terminal
- Boathouse
- Parking garage
- Hangar
- Other
- Bathhouse
- Film studio
- Gym
- Folly
- Aul
References 1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news|url=https://www.propertymetrics.com/blog/2013/02/27/types-of-commercial-real-estate/|title=Types of Commercial Real Estate|last=Schmidt|first=Robert|date=2018-11-25|work=PropertyMetrics|access-date=2018-11-25|language=en-US}}
2. ^{{Cite news|url=https://blog.vts.com/the-6-types-of-commercial-real-estate-properties/|title=The 6 Types of Commercial Real Estate Properties - VTS Blog|last=Marsh|first=Amanda|date=2016-05-18|work=VTS Blog|access-date=2018-11-25|language=en-US}}
3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.naiop.org/-/media/Research/Research/Research-Reports/Terms-and-Definitions/CRE-Terms-and-Definitions-2017.ashx?la=en|title=Commercial Real Estate Terms and Definitions|last=Sicola|first=Maria|date=March 2017|publisher=The NAIOP Research Foundation|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=27–31|chapter=Office Terminology|format=PDF}}
4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://buildingratingsystem.com/Source/CoStar_BuildingRatingSystem.pdf|title=CoStar Building Rating System|last=|first=|date=|website=CoStar|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}
5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://blog.vts.com/the-3-office-buildings-classes-what-do-they-really-mean/|title=The 3 Classes of Office Buildings: What Do They Really Mean? - VTS Blog|last=Wolf|first=Liz|date=2016-04-12|work=VTS Blog|access-date=2018-11-25|language=en-US}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.boma.org/BOMA/Research-Resources/Industry_Resources/BuildingClassDefinitions.aspx|title=Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) International|last=Kugler|first=Thomas|website=Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA) International|language=en|access-date=2018-11-25}}
7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.naiop.org/-/media/Research/Research/Research-Reports/Terms-and-Definitions/CRE-Terms-and-Definitions-2017.ashx?la=en|title=Commercial Real Estate Terms and Definitions|last=Sicola|first=Maria|date=March 2017|publisher=The NAIOP Research Foundation|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=32–36|chapter=Retail Terminology|format=PDF}}
8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.naiop.org/-/media/Research/Research/Research-Reports/Terms-and-Definitions/CRE-Terms-and-Definitions-2017.ashx?la=en|title=Commercial Real Estate Terms and Definitions|last=Sicola|first=Maria|date=March 2017|publisher=The NAIOP Research Foundation|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=21-26|chapter=Industrial Terminology|format=PDF}}
See also {{Commonscat-inline|Buildings by function}} 3 : Building types|Architecture lists|Lists of buildings and structures by type |